Neshoba County Fair Historic District | |
| Location | Mississippi Highway 21, Coldwater Community, Neshoba County, Mississippi, U.S. |
|---|---|
| Area | approx. 43 acres |
| Built | 1893 |
| Architect | Various |
| Architectural style | Vernacular, Rustic |
| Significant dates | |
| Added to NRHP | February 20, 1980 |
| Designated HD | February 20, 1980 |
The Neshoba County Fair Historic District is a historic district located in the Coldwater Community of Neshoba County, Mississippi, United States. Known as "Mississippi's Giant Houseparty," the Neshoba County Fair is considered the oldest and largest campground fair in the United States. Established in 1889 as a picnic event, the fair has grown into a week-long event attracting over 45,000 visitors annually.
History
editThe Neshoba County Fair began as a local gathering in 1889, organized by residents who sought to promote agricultural advancements and improve farming methods. Initially held in a pine grove near the Coldwater community school, the fair moved to its current location after the Neshoba County Stock and Agricultural Fair Association acquired the land in 1893. The fair expanded its duration to multiple days, and participants began constructing cabins on the grounds.
Features
editThe district encompasses approximately 470 structures, predominantly rustic two-story cabins, which account for 96% of the total buildings. Notable structures include the entrance gate built from random-coursed rocks, a ticket office, an exhibit hall, three grandstands, and a half-mile red-clay racetrack. The central feature is Founder's Square, which serves as the focal point of the fair and includes a large pavilion capable of seating 1,000 people.
The cabins are built in a vernacular style with gable roofs and two-tier porticoes. Originally, they featured dirt floors, wooden shingles, and simple frame construction. Modern cabins have adopted more contemporary materials like concrete blocks, aluminum screening, and tin roofs, while maintaining the original layout and proportions.
Significance
editThe Neshoba County Fair is significant for its role in fostering community pride and agricultural development in Neshoba County. It has served as a political platform since 1896, hosting prominent speakers including state governors, senators, and other officials. The fair's cultural and social impact is profound, providing a venue for family gatherings, agricultural showcases, horse racing, and traditional entertainment.
Architecture
editThe architectural style of the district is characterized by its rustic, vernacular design. The cabins, primarily wooden with a variety of paint colors and decorative elements, range from simple gable-roof structures to more elaborate two-story buildings with multiple porches. The Founder's Square area is noted for its vibrant and imaginative cabin facades, reflecting the unique character of the fair.
Events and Activities
editThe fair features a variety of events, including horse racing, livestock exhibitions, political speeches, and entertainment from local and national performers. Traditional activities such as late-night sings, gospel sings, and square dances continue to be an integral part of the fair, preserving its historical charm and community spirit.
Preservation
editThe Neshoba County Fair Historic District was added to the National Register of Historic Places on February 20, 1980. While many of the original cabins have been replaced or rebuilt, the district retains its historical integrity through the preservation of the traditional layout and the continued use of the fairgrounds for its original purpose.
References
edit- Mars, Florence (1977). Witness in Philadelphia. Louisiana State University Press.
- Huie, William Bradford (1965). Three Lives for Mississippi. WCC Books.
- Givens, Murphy (July 22, 1979). "Neshoba County Fair: Tradition at its Best". Clarion-Ledger.
- National Register of Historic Places
