Groups containing oxygen
editCompounds that contain C-O bonds each possess differing reactivity based upon the location and hybridization of the C-O bond, owing to the electron-withdrawing effect of sp² hybridized oxygen and the donating effects of sp³ hybridized oxygen.
| Chemical class | Group | Formula | Structural Formula | Prefix | Suffix | Example |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ether | Ether | ROR' | .png){kind=small}
|
alkoxy- | alkyl alkyl ether |  Diethyl ether (Ethoxyethane) |
| Alcohol | Hydroxyl | ROH | -skeletal.png)
|
hydroxy- | -ol |  Methanol |
| Peroxide | Peroxy | ROOR | 
|
peroxy- | alkyl peroxide |  Di-tert-butyl peroxide |
| Hydroperoxide | Hydroperoxy | ROOH | 
|
hydroperoxy- | alkyl hydroperoxide |  Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide |
| Ketone | Carbonyl | RCOR' | 
|
keto-, oxo- | -one |  Methyl ethyl ketone (Butanone) |
| Aldehyde | Aldehyde | RCHO | 
|
aldo- | -al |  Acetaldehyde (Ethanal) |
| Acyl halide | Haloformyl | RCOX | 
|
haloformyl- | -oyl halide |  Acetyl chloride (Ethanoyl chloride) |
| Ester | Ester | RCOOR' | 
|
alkyl alkanoate |  Ethyl butyrate (Ethyl butanoate) | |
| Carboxylic acid | Carboxyl | RCOOH | 
|
carboxy- | -ic acid |  Acetic acid (Ethanoic acid) |
| Carboxylate | Carboxylate | RCOO− | 
|
carboxy- | -oate |  Sodium acetate (Sodium ethanoate) |
| Carbonate | Carbonate ester | ROCOOR | 
|
alkyl carbonate |
