User:Manudouz/sandbox/Seasonal dimorphism

Seasonal dimorphism

is the condition of having two distinct varieties which appear at different seasons (zoology).

In plants

Seasonal dimorphism is proposed to be an adaptive strategy to the long-lasting, warm, and arid summer of Mediterranean regions.^[1]

Phlomis fruticosa.^[2]
Cistus incanus L. subsp. incanus.^[3] It shows occurence of seasonal dimorphism in the wood anatomy: "Finally, peculiar anatomy of brachyblast and dolichoblast wood results in the formation of so-called false rings. Hence, wood rings in C. incanus should be considered to be 'seasonal' rather than 'annual'.".^[4]
"A pattern of seasonal variation in leaf size and position relative to the stem is reported for twelve mesophyllous shrubs in the coastal sage scrub of Mediterranean-climate areas of southern California."^[5]

Birds: "Many warblers, again mainly in the Dendroica genus, also show seasonal dimorphism. This is mainly in the form of males acquiring a bright plumage for the breeding season and then moulting into a more female-like plumage for the winter."^[6]

^ Puglielli, Giacomo (2019). "Beyond the Concept of Winter-Summer Leaves of Mediterranean Seasonal Dimorphic Species". Frontiers in Plant Science. 10. doi:10.3389/fpls.2019.00696. ISSN 1664-462X. PMC 6554432. PMID 31214218.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link) CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
^ Christodoulakis, N. S. (1989-03-01). "An Anatomical Study of Seasonal Dimorphism in the Leaves of Phlomis fruticosa". Annals of Botany. 63 (3): 389–394. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a087757. ISSN 0305-7364.
^ Aronne, Giovanna; De Micco, Veronica (2001-06-01). "Seasonal Dimorphism in the Mediterranean Cistus incanus L. subsp. incanus". Annals of Botany. 87 (6): 789–794. doi:10.1006/anbo.2001.1407. ISSN 0305-7364.
^ De Micco, Veronica; Aronne, Giovanna (2009-10-01). "Seasonal dimorphism in wood anatomy of the Mediterranean Cistus incanus L. subsp. incanus". Trees. 23 (5): 981–989. doi:10.1007/s00468-009-0340-1. ISSN 1432-2285.
^ Westman, Walter E. (1981). "Seasonal dimorphism of foliage in Californian coastal sage scrub". Oecologia. 51 (3): 385–388. doi:10.1007/BF00540910. ISSN 0029-8549.
^ Curson, Jon (2010-08-30). New World Warblers. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4081-3516-7.