Chemistry Project
Outline
Monomers
editOlefins
edit- Presence of an electron-donating group
- Example: isobutylene
Heterocyclic monomers
edit- Ring strain
- Examples: lactones, lactams, cyclic amines, and cyclic ethers
Solvents
edit- Gegen ion effects
- Polar versus nonpolar solvents
Synthesis
editInitiation
editClassical protonic acids/acid surfaces
edit- Nucleophilicity of the anion
- Examples: perchloric, sulfuric, and phosphoric acids
Lewis acids/Friedel-Crafts catalysts
edit- Examples of Lewis acids: metal halides and their organometallic derivatives
- Cocatalyst for Lewis acids
- Examples: water, hydrogen halides, and alcohols
Carbenium ion salts
edit- Direct addition
- Hydride extraction
- Electron transfer
Propagation
edit- Counterion effect on rate of propagation
- Counterion position in reaction
- Useful temperature (170-190 K)
Termination
editUnimolecular rearrangement
edit- Catalyst-cocatalyst complex regenerated
- Termination of the kinetic chain
Bimolecular transfer reactions
edit- Monomer-initiator complex regenerated
- No termination of the kinetic chain
Living Polymerization
edit- Link to living cationic polymerization Wiki page: Living cationic polymerization
Kinetics
edit- Steady-state conditions
Commercial Applications
edit- Examples: tackifiers, adhesives, sealants, moisture barriers, tubing