User:Melinab21/Medical volunteerism

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Medical volunteerism, also medical volunteering, is volunteering in the context of providing medical treatment.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][excessive citations] It is one form of both international and domestic volunteering. International medical volunteering may include a range of resource-based solutions associated with the set up of a mobile clinic, volunteer assistance in local hospitals or clinics, or at home healthcare services.[14]



History

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International medical volunteerism

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In the 1800s and early 1900s, during the period of European colonialism, international medical volunteering were considered "heroic missions" and a "Christian duty".[15] Starting in the 1960s, secular medical volunteering abroad emerged as a response to the lack of qualified healthcare personnel in developing countries and to the advent of nongovernmental and governmental organizations. This led to doctors and nurses practicing Western bio-medicine in non-Western environments. Almost a decade later, the growing interest in international volunteering was aided by globalization, which has played a pivotal role in the increased sense of global connectivity and awareness of health disparities and humanitarian needs.[16] Major global health initiatives presented a notable shift from disease-specific interventions (specifically malaria and HIV) to the advancement of general health care, and a focus on access to resources such as clean water, education, primary care, and hygiene. Starting in the 19th century, the WHO (World Health Organization) sought to encourage a change in policies to effectively bolster internal healthcare system. Following this, there was a rapid increase in the number of privately-managed short-term medical brigades, providing solutions aimed at outlining the WHO.[17]

  1. ^ Stone, Geren S.; Olson, Kristian R. (2016-03-01). "The Ethics of Medical Volunteerism". Medical Clinics of North America. Travel and Adventure Medicine. 100 (2): 237–246. doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2015.09.001. ISSN 0025-7125. PMID 26900110.
  2. ^ Asgary, Ramin; Junck, Emily (2013-10-01). "New trends of short-term humanitarian medical volunteerism: professional and ethical considerations". Journal of Medical Ethics. 39 (10): 625–631. doi:10.1136/medethics-2011-100488. ISSN 0306-6800. PMID 23236086. S2CID 21597816.
  3. ^ DeCamp, Matthew (2011-06-01). "Ethical Review of Global Short-Term Medical Volunteerism". HEC Forum. 23 (2): 91–103. doi:10.1007/s10730-011-9152-y. ISSN 1572-8498. PMID 21604023. S2CID 664080.
  4. ^ Olakanmi, Ololade; Perry, Philip A. (2006-12-01). "Medical Volunteerism in Africa: An Historical Sketch". AMA Journal of Ethics. 8 (12): 863–870. doi:10.1001/virtualmentor.2006.8.12.mhst1-0612. ISSN 2376-6980. PMID 23241550.
  5. ^ Alcauskas, Megan Patrick (2006-12-01). "From Medical School to Mission: The Ethics of International Medical Volunteerism". AMA Journal of Ethics. 8 (12): 797–800. doi:10.1001/virtualmentor.2006.8.12.fred1-0612. ISSN 2376-6980. PMID 23241536.
  6. ^ Mankamyer, Cynthia (November 2010). "Medical volunteerism: Tips from a nurse returned from Haiti". Nursing2021. 40 (11): 48–51. doi:10.1097/01.NURSE.0000388315.60522.cc. ISSN 0360-4039. PMID 20975432.
  7. ^ Saab, Basem; Alameddine, Reina (June 2018). "Reflections on medical volunteerism: free medical days for refugees". The British Journal of General Practice. 68 (671): 280–281. doi:10.3399/bjgp18X696413. ISSN 0960-1643. PMC 6002004. PMID 29853582.
  8. ^ Istl, Alexandra C.; McAlister, Vivian C. (December 2016). "Western University (No. 10 Canadian Stationary Hospital and No. 14 Canadian General Hospital): a study of medical volunteerism in the First World War". Canadian Journal of Surgery. 59 (6): 371–373. doi:10.1503/cjs.013716. ISSN 0008-428X. PMC 5125918. PMID 27827791.
  9. ^ Pickell, Zachary; Gu, Kathleen; Williams, Aaron M. (2020-12-01). "Virtual volunteers: the importance of restructuring medical volunteering during the COVID-19 pandemic". Medical Humanities. 46 (4): 537–540. doi:10.1136/medhum-2020-011956. ISSN 1468-215X. PMC 7445098. PMID 32820042.
  10. ^ Reynolds, Herbert Y. (2006-12-01). "Medical Volunteering: Giving Something Back". Lung. 184 (6): 369–371. doi:10.1007/s00408-006-0028-x. ISSN 1432-1750. PMID 17086461. S2CID 19130808.
  11. ^ Keelan, Emma (October 2015). "So you want to be a Medical Volunteer". The Ulster Medical Journal. 84 (3): 220–221. ISSN 0041-6193. PMC 4642253. PMID 26668428.
  12. ^ Elnawawy, Omnia; Lee, Andrew CK; Pohl, Gerda (2014-06-01). "Making short-term international medical volunteer placements work: a qualitative study". British Journal of General Practice. 64 (623): e329–e335. doi:10.3399/bjgp14X680101. ISSN 0960-1643. PMC 4032015. PMID 24868070.
  13. ^ Potolidis, Dimitris (2020-05-08). "Medical Volunteerism in Times of COVID-19: Burden or Relief?". International Journal of Medical Students. 8 (2): 152–153. doi:10.5195/ijms.2020.550. ISSN 2076-6327. S2CID 218958807.
  14. ^ Lough, Benjamin J.; Tiessen, Rebecca; Lasker, Judith N. (2018-01-24). "Effective practices of international volunteering for health: perspectives from partner organizations". Globalization and Health. 14 (1). doi:10.1186/s12992-018-0329-x. ISSN 1744-8603.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  15. ^ Bauer, Irmgard (2017-03-06). "More harm than good? The questionable ethics of medical volunteering and international student placements". Tropical Diseases, Travel Medicine and Vaccines. 3 (1): 5. doi:10.1186/s40794-017-0048-y. ISSN 2055-0936. PMC 5531079. PMID 28883975.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link) CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  16. ^ Elnawawy, Omnia; Lee, Andrew CK; Pohl, Gerda (2014-05-27). "Making short-term international medical volunteer placements work: a qualitative study". British Journal of General Practice. 64 (623): e329–e335. doi:10.3399/bjgp14x680101. ISSN 0960-1643.
  17. ^ Portman, Mark T.; Martin, Edward J. (2015). "Medical Brigades, Global Health and the United Nations: Millennium Development Goals and Developing Nations". Journal of Health and Human Services Administration. 38 (1): 90–107. ISSN 1079-3739.