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User:Newnam/Star Trek rewrite

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This page is about the Star Trek franchise. For the original TV series, see Star Trek: The Original Series.

Star Trek is a science-fiction franchise spanning six television series, ten feature films, hundreds of novels, computer and video games, and other fan stories. All are set within the same fictional universe created by Gene Roddenberry. Star Trek, which originated in the United States, depicts a post World War III vision of the future in which science has united human beings with other sentient species of the galaxy, and thus helped humanity to largely overcome many earth-bound frailties and vices. The central characters are members of the United Federation of Planets, a collective of allied systems and species. The protagonists are essentially altruistic, however, they are sometimes called on to leverage their position when needed. The conflicts and political dimensions of the stories allegorize the contemporary 1960's cultural realities, and The Original Series is Roddenberry's comment on that time. Many issues depicted in the series, such as imperialism, class warfare, human rights, and the role of technology resonated then and now.

Television series

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For a complete list of episodes, see List of Star Trek episodes

Star Trek originated as a television series in 1966, although it had been in the planning stages for at least six years prior to that.[1] Although The Original Series was cancelled in its third season due to low ratings,[2] it served as the groundwork for five additional Star Trek television series. Altogether, the six series comprise a total of 726 episodes and thirty seasons worth of television.

Star Trek: The Original Series

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Main article: Star Trek: The Original Series

Star Trek: The Original Series debuted in the United States on NBC on September 8, 1966, having aired in Canada some days earlier.[3] The show, starring William Shatner, told the tale of the crew of the starship Enterprise and that crew's five-year mission "to boldly go where no man has gone before." After only three seasons, the show was cancelled and the last episode aired on June 3, 1969.[4] The series subsequently became popular in reruns, and a cult following developed, complete with fan conventions.[3] Released as simply Star Trek, it has in recent years become known as Star Trek: The Original Series or as "Classic Trek," retronyms to distinguish it from its sequels and the franchise. All subsequent films and television series, except the animated series of the 1970s, have had secondary titles included as part of their official names. The original series currently airs on G4 and is to debut on TV Land in September 2006.[5]

Star Trek: The Animated Series

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Main article: Star Trek: The Animated Series

Star Trek: The Animated Series was produced by Filmation and ran for two seasons. It featured most of the original cast performing the voices for their characters from The Original Series with the exception of Walter Koenig, who was not asked to return due to budgetary limitations. While the freedom of animation afforded large alien landscapes and exotic life forms, budget constraints were a major concern and animation was of moderate quality. Although originally sanctioned by Paramount, the series is no longer considered to be canon, which has caused controversy among some fans. Even so, elements of the animated series have worked their way into official canon, such as Kirk’s middle name, Tiberius, first revealed in TAS and made official in Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country. Star Trek: Enterprise also incorporated several TAS concepts into canon. TAS came back to television in the mid 1980s on the children's cable network Nickelodeon, and in the early 1990s on cable network Sci-Fi Channel.[6]

Star Trek: Phase II

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Main article: Star Trek: Phase II

Star Trek: Phase II was set to air in 1978 as the flagship series of a proposed Paramount television network, and 12 episode scripts were written before production was due to begin.[7] The series would have put most of the original crew back aboard the Enterprise for a second five-year mission, except for Leonard Nimoy as Spock, who did not agree to return. A younger full-blooded Vulcan named Xon was planned as a replacement, although it was still hoped that Nimoy would make guest appearances.[7] Sets were constructed and several minutes of test footage were filmed, however, the risks of launching a fourth network and the popularity of the then-recently released film Star Wars led Paramount to make a Star Trek film instead of a weekly television series. The first script of this aborted series formed the basis of Star Trek: The Motion Picture, while three others were eventually adapted as episodes of Star Trek: The Next Generation.[8]

Star Trek: The Next Generation

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Main article: Star Trek: The Next Generation

Star Trek: The Next Generation is set nearly a century after The Original Series and features a new starship, the Enterprise-D, and a new crew. The show premiered on September 28, 1987 and ran for seven seasons, ending on May 23, 1994.[9] The Next Generation had the highest ratings of all the Star Trek series and was the #1 syndicated show during the last few years of its original run.[10] It was the only Star Trek series to ever be nominated for an Emmy for Best Dramatic Series, which came during its final season in 1994.[11] The series currently airs on G4 and Spike TV.[12][13]

Star Trek: Deep Space Nine

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Main article: Star Trek: Deep Space Nine

Star Trek: Deep Space Nine is set during the same timeframe as The Next Generation and ran for seven seasons, debuting in 1993.[14] It is the only Star Trek series to take place primarily on a space station, rather than aboard a starship. The show chronicles the events centering on the Federation spacestation Deep Space Nine, which is next to a newly-discovered, uniquely stable wormhole that provides immediate access to the distant Gamma Quadrant.[15] Story plots include the repercussions of the lengthy and brutal occupation of the nearby planet Bajor by the Cardassians, Sisko's unique spiritual role for the Bajorans as the Emissary of the Prophets, and a major war with the Dominion of the Gamma Quadrant. DS9 was the first Star Trek series without any direct input from (the by-then deceased) Gene Roddenberry[citation needed]. Debate still rages over whether he would have approved of Deep Space Nine, particularly given the series rejection of Roddenberry's long-standing disdain for lengthy serialized storytelling or allowed conflict within the station's crew, something which Roddenberry had forbidden in any Trek script[citation needed].

Star Trek: Voyager

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Main article: Star Trek: Voyager

Star Trek: Voyager was produced for seven seasons, and is the only Star Trek series to feature a woman as the commanding officer.[16] The plot of the series shows the USS Voyager and her crew stranded in the Delta Quadrant, 70,000 light years from Earth.[17] Given a 70-year voyage back to Earth, the crew must avoid conflict and defeat challenges on its long and perilous journey home. While Voyager was originally isolated from many of the familiar aspects of the Star Trek franchise, later seasons saw an influx of concepts such as the Borg and Q.[18][19]

Star Trek: Enterprise

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Main article: Star Trek: Enterprise

Star Trek: Enterprise is a prequel to the other Star Trek series. The pilot episode takes place ten years before the founding of the Federation, about halfway between the "historic" events shown in the movie Star Trek: First Contact and the original Star Trek series.[20] The series depicts the exploration of space by the crew of the Earthship Enterprise, which is able to go farther and faster than any human had previously gone. Ratings for Enterprise started strong, but declined rapidly, and as was done during the initial airing of The Original Series, fan support during Enterprise's second and third seasons helped keep the series on the air. The show continued to lose ratings during the fourth season, and Paramount cancelled the show in early 2005.[21]

Feature films

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Ten Star Trek feature films have been produced by Paramount Pictures. The first six continue the adventures of the The Original Series cast, while the later four feature The Next Generation cast. Although North American and UK releases of the films were no longer numbered following the sixth film, European releases continued numbering the films. A common and fondly-held superstition among fans is that the even-numbered Star Trek films are superior to the odd-numbered Star Trek films. Star Trek II, IV, VI and Star Trek: First Contact are usually considered the fan-favorites, while Star Trek I and V are usually at the bottom.[22] A new, eleventh (and as-yet-untitled) film in the series has been announced for release in 2008.[23]

Other storylines and canonicity

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Main articles: Star Trek canon; Star Trek, other storylines; Star Trek, fan made productions; and List of Star Trek novels

The Star Trek canon comprises the five live-action Television series and ten motion pictures. The animated series, novels, comic books, video games, and other materials based on Star Trek, though licensed by Paramount Pictures, are generally considered non-canon, as are fan-made (or "fanon") productions set within the Star Trek universe.[24]

The Star Trek novels typically fill "holes" in the Star Trek story and timeline, with explanations of events which have never been adequately explained through live action productions. Many have been accepted by Trek fans as being canon, even though Paramount Pictures, owners of the Star Trek franchise, say otherwise[24]. Several authors have created spin-off series which are now self-contained within their novels.[25]

Outside of the television series and motion pictures produced by Paramount pictures, the Star Trek franchise has been officially expanded and elaborated on by various authors and artists in the so-called "Star Trek Expanded Universe," despite the fact that Paramount does not consider these derivative works canon. The creators of these works are generally free to tell their own stories set in the Star Trek universe, and are free to either keep an existing continuity, or use their own. (Similarly, writers for TV and film are under no obligation to pay heed to any of the derivative works.) These works often expand the back stories of characters, species, planets, etc, already seen in the official live-action productions. For example, the Voyager novels Mosaic and Pathways are known to have given essential background information for characters in the Voyager live-action series.

The Star Trek series have also inspired many unofficial fan-made productions. For example, in recent years, Star Trek fan films have been created for distribution over the Internet.[26][27] Currently, Star Trek: Hidden Frontier which is a continuation of the timeline after the Dominion War from the perspective of a station and fleet in the Briar Patch, and Star Trek: New Voyages, a "continuation" of the original Star Trek, are prominent fan series. While none of these projects are licensed by Paramount, some have attracted participation from official cast and crew.[28]

Cultural impact

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Main article: Cultural impact of Star Trek

The Star Trek franchise is a multi-billion dollar industry, currently owned by Paramount.[29] Gene Roddenberry sold The Original Series to NBC as a classic adventure drama; he pitched the show as, "Wagon Train to the stars." Though set on a fictional starship, Roddenberry wanted to tell more sophisticated stories using futuristic situations as analogies to current problems on Earth and rectifying them through humanism and optimism[30]. The opening line, "to boldly go where no man has gone before", was taken almost verbatim from a US White House booklet on space produced after the Sputnik flight in 1957.[31] The central trio of Kirk, Spock, and McCoy was modeled on classical mythological storytelling. Harking of human diversity and contemporaneous political circumstances, Roddenberry included a multi-ethnic crew.[30]

Star Trek and its spin-offs have proved highly popular in television repeats, and are currently shown on TV stations worldwide.[32] The show’s cultural impact goes far beyond its longevity and profitability. Star Trek conventions have become popular, though now often merged with conventions of other genres, and fans have coined the term "Trekkies" (or "Trekkers") to describe themselves. An entire subculture has grown up around the show.[33]

The Star Trek franchise is believed to have motivated the design of many current technologies, including the Tablet PC, the PDA, and mobile phones.[34] It has also brought to popular attention the concept of teleportation with its classic depiction of "matter-energy transport". Phrases such as "Beam me up, Scotty" have entered the public vernacular.[35] In 1976, following a letter-writing campaign, NASA named its first space shuttle, Enterprise, after the fictional starship.[36]

Current status and future

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After Enterprise was cancelled in 2005, the Star Trek franchise found itself for the first time in over 25 years without a series or film in production or development. Though some assumed that the franchise was essentially dead, predictions of its demise are nothing new. As early as 1993–1994, when Star Trek: Deep Space Nine failed to generate the high ratings of its predecessor, magazines such as Entertainment Weekly predicted the end of the franchise. The rumored near-cancellation of Star Trek: Voyager in the mid-1990s led to more such predictions, as did the poor box-office performance of Star Trek: Nemesis in 2002 and the cancellation of Star Trek: Enterprise in 2005. However, in April 2006, the official announcement of an eleventh feature film made it probable that the franchise has not yet ended.

  • Showings of The Next Generation and Deep Space Nine are aired regularly on Spike TV in the United States. Spike TV will also begin airing reruns of Voyager in the fall of 2006, as part of its original deal for all three series.[13]
  • In December 2005, Comcast's G4 network announced it had obtained the syndication rights for both TNG and The Original Series. G4 has been airing TNG since early 2006 and currently airs Star Trek 2.0 (featuring the original Star Trek accompanied by various interactive features), while Spike will continue to broadcast TNG as well.[12]
  • TOS, TNG, and Voyager air daily in Canada on Space: The Imagination Station, which also purchased Enterprise for daily rebroadcasts starting in the fall of 2005.
  • The Original Series is also being shown on the Sci-Fi Channel weekdays at 7pm.
  • In the UK, reruns of The Next Generation, Deep Space Nine, Voyager and Enterprise air regularly on Sky One and Sky Two, and the terrestrial network Five recently began showing Voyager on weekday afternoons. The BBC have also started showing "The Next Generation" and "TOS" on Saturday Mornings also.
  • In Australia, reruns of TOS, TNG, DS9, Voyager and Enterprise air regularly on Foxtel/Austar's TV1 and TV1 +2 during the late Sunday night "Sci-Fi Sector".
  • In Sweden, reruns of TNG air weekdays on Kanal 5 (Sweden) (Channel 5).

References

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Bibliography

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Major reference works related to the production and influence of the franchise include:

  • The Making of Star Trek by Gene Roddenberry and Stephen PE. Whitfield (Ballantine Books, 1968)
  • The Trouble with Tribbles by David Gerrold (Ballantine, 1973)
  • The World of Star Trek by David Gerrold (Ballantine Books, 1973; revised edition, Bluejay Books, 1984)
  • Star Trek Lives! by Jacqueline Lichtenberg, Sondra Marshak, and Joan Winston (Bantam Books, 1975)
  • The Making of the Trek Conventions by Joan Winston (Doubleday Books/Playboy Press, 1977)
  • A Star Trek Catalog edited by Gerry Turnbull (Grosset & Dunlap, 1979)
  • On the Good Ship Enterprise: My 15 Years with Star Trek by Bjo Trimble (Donning Starblaze, 1983)
  • Star Trek Memories by William Shatner and Chris Kreski (HarperCollins, 1993)
  • Star Trek Movie Memories by William Shatner and Chris Kreski (HarperCollins, 1994)
  • Beyond Uhura by Nichelle Nichols (Putnam, 1994)
  • The Physics of Star Trek by Lawrence M. Krauss (Basic Books, 1995)
  • City on the Edge of Forever by Harlan Ellison (White Wolf Publishing, 1996)
  • Enterprise Zones: Critical Positions on Star Trek, edited by Taylor Harrison, Sarah Projansky, Kent A. Ono, Elyce Rae Helford (Westview Press, 1996)
  • Inside Star Trek: The Real Story by Herbert F. Solow and Robert H. Justman (Pocket Books, 1996)
  • Future Perfect: How Star Trek Conquered Planet Earth by Jeff Greenwald (Viking Press, 1998)
  • Get a Life! by William Shatner and Chris Kreski (Pocket Books, 1999)
  • The Ethics of Star Trek by Judith Barad Ph.D. with Ed Robertson (HarperCollins, 2000)
  • I'm Working on That: A Trek from Science Fiction to Science Fact by William Shatner and Chip Walter (Pocket Books, 2002)
  • Inside Trek: My Secret Life with Star Trek Creator Gene Roddenberry by Susan Sackett (Hawk Publishing Group, 2002)
  • Picard: The Academy Years by M.N.Lake (Dragon Publishing, 2005)

Footnotes

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  1. ^ The Making of Star Trek by Stephen E. Whitfield and Gene Roddenberry
  2. ^ The trouble with "Trek" URL accessed August 21, 2006
  3. ^ a b 'Star Trek; turns 40 URL accessed August 21, 2006
  4. ^ Star Trek TV show URL accessed August 21, 2006
  5. ^ Original 'Trek' Ventures to TV Land URL accessed August 24, 2006
  6. ^ Star Trek Animated - The Series that ran from 1973-1974 URL accessed August 21, 2006
  7. ^ a b Star Trek Phase II, Planned but never executed Star Trek Series URL accessed August 21, 2006
  8. ^ Trivia for Star Trek: The Motion Picture (1979) URL accessed August 21, 2006
  9. ^ Star Trek: The Next Generation TV Show URL accessed August 21, 2006
  10. ^ Star Trek - A Short History URL accessed August 21, 2006
  11. ^ BBC Online - Star Trek: The Next Generation URL accessed August 21, 2006
  12. ^ a b G4 - Shows URL accessed August 21, 2006
  13. ^ a b The NEW SpikeTV.com > Shows URL accessed August 21, 2006
  14. ^ Star Trek: Deep Space Nine TV Show URL accessed August 21, 2006
  15. ^ STARTREK.COM : Episode URL accessed August 21, 2006
  16. ^ RevolutionSF - Star Trek: Voyager : Review URL accessed August 24, 2006
  17. ^ Star Trek: Voyager TV series reviews URL accessed August 24, 2006
  18. ^ STARTREK.COM : Episode (Scorpion) URL accessed August 24, 2006
  19. ^ STARTREK.COM : Episode (Q2) URL accessed August 24, 2006
  20. ^ Star Trek: Enterprise Summary URL accessed August 24, 2006
  21. ^ STARTREK.COM : Article URL accessed August 24, 2006
  22. ^ STARTREK.COM : Article URL accessed August 24, 2006
  23. ^ TrekToday - J.J. Abrams To Direct 'Star Trek XI' URL accessed August 24, 2006
  24. ^ a b STARTREK.COM : Article URL accessed July 22, 2006
  25. ^ See Star Trek: New Frontier and Star Trek: Titan.
  26. ^ Star Trek New Voyages URL accessed August 24, 2006
  27. ^ The Fan Films Strike Back URL accessed August 24, 2006
  28. ^ Star Trek Fan Film Directory URL accessed August 24, 2006
  29. ^ STARTREK.COM : Article URL accessed August 24, 2006
  30. ^ a b Social History :Star Trek as a Culteral Phenomenon URL accesses August 24, 2006
  31. ^ Introduction to Outer Space (1958) URL accessed August 24, 2006
  32. ^ TREK NATION RTF URL accessed August 24, 2006
  33. ^ Trekkies (1997) URL accessed August 24, 2006
  34. ^ 40 years since the Enterprise's inception, some of its science fiction gadgets are part of everyday life URL accessed August 24, 2006
  35. ^ Articles: Beam me up, Scotty! URL accessed August 24, 2006
  36. ^ Shuttle Orbiter Enterprise (OV-101) URL accessed August 24, 2006
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