The McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II[1] is a two-seat, twin-engined supersonic long-range all-weather fighter-bomber originally developed for the U.S. Navy by McDonnell Aircraft.
The Phantom remained in production from 1958 to 1961, with a total of 5,195 built. The Phantom was used by the U.S. military from 1960 to 1996, serving with the U.S. Air Force and Marine Corps as well as the Navy. It was used heavily by all three U.S. services in the Vietnam War, ending the war as the principal air superiority fighter for both the Navy and Air Force, as well as being important in the ground attack and reconnaissance roles.
The Phantom continued to form a major part of US military air power throughout the 1970s and 80s, being gradually replaced by more modern aircraft such as the F-15 Eagle and F-16 Fighting Falcon in the US Air Force and the F-14 Tomcat and F/A-18 Hornet in the US Navy. It remained in service in the reconnaissance and Wild Weasel role in the 1991 Gulf War.
The Phantom was also operated by the armed forces of 11 other nations. Israeli Phantoms saw extensive combat in numerous Arab-Israeli conflicts, while Iran used its large fleet of Phantoms in the Iran-Iraq War. Phantoms remain in front line service with seven countries, and in use as an unmanned target in the U.S. Air Force.
- ^ The aircraft was originally designated the AH "Super Demon", and later redesignated F4H. The F-4 designation came in 1961 when the designation systems for all branches of the military were unified by the order of Robert McNamara. Within McDonnell, the F-4 was referred to as Model 98.