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User:Noswall59/List of Permanent Secretaries in the Home Civil Service

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The following is a list of Permanent Under-Secretaries (of State) in the United Kingdom's Civil Service.

Head of the Home Civil Service

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Secretary to the Cabinet

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Cabinet Office

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Cabinet Office Permanent Secretary

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Second Permanent Secretary

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Second Permanent Secretary (European Secretariat)

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Sir William Nield, previously permanent secretary at the Department of Economic Affairs, was appointed an "additional permanent secretary" in the Cabinet Office in 1969 primarily "to coordinate the advice given to Ministers on matters arising from the British application to the Common Market".[4] He served until 1972.[5] That year, John Hunt (later Lord Hunt) was appointed Second Permanent Secretary in the Cabinet Office "with responsibility for the coordination of economic policy, including the accession of Britain to the Common Market".[6] He was succeeded in 1973 by Patrick Nairne, who was in turn succeeded by Roy Denman in 1975.[7] Denman was technically appointed Head of the European Secretariat at the Cabinet Office with the grade of Second Permanent Secretary. After he left in 1977, his successor Sir Michael Franklin was given the grade of Deputy Secretary (he served until 1981).[8]

Second Permanent Secretary (Constitution Unit)

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In 1974, John Garlick was appointed Head of the Constitution Unit at the Cabinet Office, a new organisation established to address questions about devolution.[9] By the end of 1977, The Times noted that Garlick (then about to become Permanent Secretary at the Department of the Environment) was unlikely to be replaced because most of the work on the Welsh and Scottish devolution bills had been carried out.[10]

  • 1974-1977: Sir John Garlick, KCB (Head of the Constitution Unit)

Second Permanent Secretary and Prime Minister's Adviser on Europe and Global Economic Issues

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Second Permanent Secretary and Head of UK Governance Groups

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Management and Personnel Office (Office of the Minister for the Civil Service)

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After the dissolution of the Civil Service Department in 1981, the government established a Management and Personnel Office which incorporated the Ceremonial Branch. In 1982, the MPO was placed in the Cabinet Office. In 1988, it was renamed the Office of the Minister for the Civil Service, which was itself merged into the Office for Public Service and Science in 1992.

Second Permanent Secretary (Management and Personnel Office)

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Previously in Second Permanent Secretary, CSD.

Office of the Minister for the Civil Service

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Second Permanent Secretary

Office for Public Service

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In 1992, civil science policy was moved from the Department of Education and Science into a new Office of Science and Technology; this was then merged with the Office of the Minister for the Civil Service into the Office for Public Service and Science, which was placed in the Cabinet Office. The OPSS also absorbed the Ceremonial Branch. In 1995, the science aspects of the OPSS were transferred to the DTI and the OPS continued until 1998 when its functions were "reintegrated" into the Cabinet Office.

Permanent Secretary, Office for Public Service and Science

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Permanent Secretary, Office for Public Service

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Intelligence and Security

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Created on 1 August 2002, when the role took over the chairmanship of the Permanent Secretaries' Committee on Intelligence from the Cabinet Secretary. Renamed Permanent Secretary, Intelligence, Security and Resilience, Cabinet Office on 14 November 2005, on Mottram's appointment.[14]

Cabinet Office Intelligence and Security Coordinator

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Permanent Secretary, Intelligence, Security and Resilience, Cabinet Office

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First Civil Service Commissioner

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Admiralty

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Formed in 1709. The permanent official was titled Second Secretary from 1746.[17] Merged into the Ministry of Defence in 1964.

Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Fisheries (MAFF)

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Board of Agriculture formed in 1889, renamed Agriculture and Fisheries in 1903; formed into Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries in 1919, and formed into Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Fisheries in 1955. Replaced by the Department for the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs in 2001.

Permanent Secretary

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Board of Agriculture (1892–1903)

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Board of Agriculture and Fisheries (1903–19)

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Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries (1919–55)

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Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Fisheries (1955–2001)

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Second Permanent Secretary

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Air Ministry

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Formed in 1917. Merged into the Ministry of Defence in 1964.

Ministry of Aircraft Production

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Formed in 1940 to deal with aircraft production during the war. Absorbed into the Ministry of Supply in 1946. The senior civil servant was titled Director-General of Aircraft Production.

Ministry of Aviation

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Formed from the Ministry of Supply in 1959, taking on civil aviation functions from the Ministry of Transport and Civil Aviation. Merged into the Ministry of Technology in 1967.

Ministry of Aviation Supply

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Briefly spun out of Ministry of Technology in 1970, but merged into DTI and MoD in 1971.

Department for Business, Energy and Industry Strategy (DBEIS)

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Formed by merger of the Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC) and the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills (DBIS) in 2016.

Department for Business, Enterprise and Regulatory Reform (DBERR)

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Created when the Department of Trade and Industry was disbanded in 2007; functions related to energy moved to Department of Energy and Climate Change in 2008. Merged into the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills in 2009.

Department for Business, Innovation and Skills (DBIS)

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Formed by the merger of the Department of Innovation, Universities and Skills (DIUS) and the Department for Business, Enterprise and Regulatory Reform (BERR) in 2009. Merged into the Department for Business, Energy and Industry Strategy in 2016.

Burma Office

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Established in 1937, merged into CRO in 1947. Shared Permanent Secretary with India Office.

Central Policy Review Staff

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Director-General

Chief Scientific Adviser

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Chief Scientific Adviser, Cabinet Office

Ministry of Civil Aviation

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Director-General

Civil Service Department

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All Permanent Secretaries of the CSD were also Heads of the Home Civil Service. The CSD was abolished 1981.

Permanent Secretary

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Second Permanent Secretary

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Colonial Office

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Merged into Commonwealth Office in 1966. The permanent secretaryship was established in 1825.

Permanent Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies

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Commonwealth Office

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Formed out of the Commonwealth Relations Office and the Colonial Office in 1966. Merged into the Foreign and Commonwealth Office in 1968.

Commonwealth Relations Office

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Formed out of the merger of the Burma Office, Dominions Office and the India Office in 1947. Merged into the Commonwealth Office in 1966.

The first two permanent secretaries, Machtig and Carter held the office jointly, with their portfolios reflecting the Dominions Office and India Office workloads they were accustomed to. However, Machtig retired at the end of 1948[31] and Archer went to chair the Monopolies Commission in 1949, after which the CRO was placed under the command of one permanent secretary.

Department for Communities and Local Government

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Formed out of the Office for the Deputy Prime Minister in 2005. Renamed Ministry for Housing and Local Government (which see) in 2018.

Control Office for Austria and Germany

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Also called Control Commission, Austria and Germany

If there were others, I have found no trace of them.

Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport

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Formed from Department of National Heritage in 1997. Renamed to include "Digital" in 2018.

Board of Customs and Excise

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Chairman, HM Customs (until 1909; of the United Kingdom from 1823)[32]

Chairman, Board of Customs and Excise

Ministry of Defence (MoD)

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Prior to 1939, the Secretary of State for War, the First Lord of the Admiralty and the Secretary of State for Air sat in the Cabinet; defence was coordinated by the Committee for Imperial Defence with the Minister for Co-ordination of Defence established in 1936 to oversee it. In 1940, Churchill abolished the minister's office (there was no department or ministry) and removed the secretaryships from the cabinet and made himself Minister of Defence to coordinate the whole war effort. After the war ended, they were briefly allowed to return to cabinet although the Prime Minister remained Minister of Defence. At the end of 1946, they were removed from the cabinet again and a Ministry of Defence was established in the new year to coordinate the separate forces. In 1964, the Admiralty, War Office and Air Ministry were merged into the modern Ministry of Defence.

Permanent Secretary

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Second Permanent Secretary

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Second Permanent Secretary

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Second Permanent Secretary (Royal Navy)

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Second Permanent Secretary (Army)

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Second Permanent Secretary (Royal Air Force)

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Second Permanent Secretary (Administration)

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Second Permanent Secretary (Equipment)

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Second Permanent Secretary and Military Assistant to the Vice-Chief of Staff

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Chief Executive (Permanent Secretary), Procurement Executive

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Office of the Deputy Prime Minister (ODPM)

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Took on local government functions from the Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions in 2001. Succeeded by Department for Communities and Local Government in 2006.

Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS)

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Formed in 1992 as the Department of National Heritage to combining the functions of the former Ministers for the Arts and for Sport. Formerly Department for Culture, Media and Sport, 1997-2017.

Dominions Office

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Formed out of the Colonial Office in 1925. Merged into the Commonwealth Relations Office in 1947.

Department of Economic Affairs (1947, 1950, 1951-1952, 1964-1969)

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Permanent Secretary

Second Permanent Secretary

Ministry of Economic Warfare (1939-1945)

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Department for Education (2010-present; and predecessor departments from 1839)

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Previously Department for Children, Schools and Families (DCSF), 2007-2010; Department for Education and Skills (DfES), 2001-2007; Department for Education and Employment (DfEE), 1995-2001; Department for Education, 1992-1995; Department for Education and Science (DES), 1964-1992; Ministry of Education, 1944-1964; Board of Education, 1899-1944; Education Department, 1856-1899; Committee of the Privy Council on Education, 1839-1899. The DES was formed in 1964 when the Ministry of Education and office of the Minister of Science merged. Responsibility for science was transferred to the Cabinet Office of Public Service and the Department of Trade and Industry's Office of Science and Technology in 1992. It merged with the Department of Employment in 1995, but this was spun out to the new Department for Work and Pensions in 2001.

Secretary to the Committee of the Privy Council on Education

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Permanent Secretary

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Board of Education

Ministry of Education

As Department for Education and Science

As Department for Education

As Department for Education and Employment

As Department for Education and Skills

As Department for Children, Schools and Families

As Department for Education

Permanent Secretary, Welsh Department (created in 1907)

Department for Employment

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Formed as the Ministry of Labour in 1916, when it took over functions relating to the labour market from the Board of Trade. Renamed the Ministry of Labour and National Service in 1940; renamed back to the Ministry of Labour in 1959, then the Department of Employment and Productivity in 1968, and finally the Department for Employment in 1970. Merged in the Department for Education in 1995.

Permanent Secretary

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As Ministry of Labour

As Ministry of Labour and National Service

As Ministry of Labour

As Department of Employment and Productivity

As Department for Employment

Second Permanent Secretary

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Department of Energy

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Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC)

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Formed in 2008 and took over functions related to energy from the Department for Business, Enterprise and Regulatory Reform (DBERR), and those relating to climate change from the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA). Merged in the Department for Business, Energy and Industry Strategy in 2016.

Department of the Environment

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Formed out the merger of the Ministry of Housing and Local Government, the Ministry of Transport, and the Ministry of Public Building and Works in 1970. Transport functions transferred to the Department of Transport in 1976. Merged into the Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions in 1997.

Permanent Secretary

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Second Permanent Secretary

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Second Permanent Secretary and Chief Executive, Property Services Agency

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Second Permanent Secretary

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Strand 1

Strand 2

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA)

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Created by merger of the MAFF with the Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions in 2001.

Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions (DETR)

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Created by merger of the Department of the Environment and the Department of Transport in 1997. Separated into DEFRA and the Department for Transport, Local Government and the Regions in 2001.

Department for Exiting the European Union

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Formed in 2016.

Permanent Secretary

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Second Permanent Secretary

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Ministry of Food (1916-1921, 1939-1958)

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Director-General (1916-1921)

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Director-General (1939-1958)

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Foreign Office

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Established in 1782, merged into the Foreign and Commonwealth Office in 1968.

Permanent Secretary

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Permanent Secretary, German Section

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Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO)

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Formed by merger of FO with CO in 1968.

Forestry Commission

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Chairman

Deputy Chairman

Director-General

The Forestry Act 1945 established the posts of Director-General and Deputy Director-General; it also replaced the two assistant commissioners with three director-level positions (for England, Scotland and Wales) plus a fourth director for education and research.[41]

Director-General and Deputy Chairman

The office of Director-General was abolished after Rollinson's retirement in 2013.

Deputy Director-General

Ministry of Fuel and Power (later Ministry of Power)

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The Ministry of Fuel and Power was formed in 1942 to take on the Board of Trade's energy functions (including those of the Secretary of Petroleum, formed in 1940, and the Secretary of Mines, formed in 1920). Renamed Ministry of Power in 1957, and merged into the Ministry of Technology in 1969.

Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Petroleum

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Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Fuel and Power

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Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Power

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Government Finance Profession (formerly Government Accountancy Service)

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The role was merged with that of Director-General, Public Spending, in the Treasury following a 2013 management review. The new office was Director-General, Public Spending and Finance (see under Treasury).[43] The role was again split in 2017, with the Treasury retaining a Director-General, Public Spending, but functions relating to the Government Finance Function (as the GFP had become known) were transferred to the revived Head of the Government Finance Function, a part-time role given to Mike Driver, Chief Financial Officer at the Ministry of Justice.[44]

Ministry of Health

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Replaced by Department of Health and Social Security in 1968.

Department of Health and Social Care

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Formed out the Department of Health and Social Security in 1988. Known as the Department of Health between 1988 and 2018.

Permanent Secretary

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As Department of Health

As Department of Health and Social Care

Second Permanent Secretary

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Department of Health and Social Security (DHSS)

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From merger of ministries of Health and Social Security in 1968. Split into Department of Health and Department of Social Security in 1988.

Permanent Secretary

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Second Permanent Secretary

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Second Permanent Secretary

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Chairman, NHS Management Board (rank of Second Permanent Secretary; also Chief Executive, NHS)

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Established in 1985. Became independent of the Department of Health in 2013.

Chief Executive, NHS England (independent body):

Higher Education Funding Council

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Chairman

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Chief Executive

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Home Office

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Created in 1782.

Permanent Secretary

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Second Permanent Secretary

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Ministry of Home Security (1939-1945)

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Ministry of Housing and Local Government

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Functions of the Ministry of Health relating to the old Local Government Board were transferred to the MHLG in 1951 (when it was briefly called the Ministry of Local Government and Planning, Jan.-Oct. 1951) and it was merged with the Ministry of Town and County Planning at the same time. Merged into the Department for the Environment in 1970.

MLGP

MHLG

Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government

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Created out of Office of the Deputy Prime Minister in 2006 as the Department of Communities and Local Government. Renamed in 2018.

Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government

India Office

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Formed in 1858. Merged with Dominions Office and Burma Office to form the Commonwealth Relations Office in 1947.

India Office

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India and Burma

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Department of Industry

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Formed out functions transferred from the Department of Trade and Industry in 1974. Merged back into the Department of Trade and Industry in 1983.

Permanent Secretary

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Second Permanent Secretary

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Ministry of Information

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Director of Propaganda (1918-1919)

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Director-General, Information (1939-1946)

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Central Office of Information

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Director-General

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Chief Executive

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Inland Revenue

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Chairman of the Board of Excise

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Chairman of the Board of Inland Revenue

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Merged into HMRC

Department for Innovation, Universities and Skills (DIUS; 2007-2009)

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Take over some functions from Department of Education and Skills and the Department of Trade and Industry in 2007; merged into the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills in 2009.

Department for International Development (1997-present)

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Functions from FCO's ODA.

Department for International Trade

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Formed in response to Brexit in 2016, taking on functions of the FCO and DBIS.

Irish Office

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(Permanent) Under-Secretary to the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland

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The following is a list of people appointed Under-Secretary to the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (including those appointed Under-Secretary for the Civil Department).

Ministry of Justice (MoJ)

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The Lord Chancellor's Department was established in 1885 and replaced by the Department for Constitutional Affairs in 2003, which in turn was replaced by the Ministry of Justice in 2007. The Permanent Secretary has also been ex officio Clerk of the Crown in Chancery since 1885.

Permanent Secretary

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Lord Chancellor's Department

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Department for Constitutional Affairs

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Ministry of Justice

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Second Permanent Secretary, Lord Chancellor's Department (and then DCA)

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Ministry of Land and Natural Resources

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Established to oversee the Land Commission and other connected policies in 1964. Responsibilities were transferred to the MHLG in 1967.

Local Government Board

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Ministry of Materials

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Existed between 1951 and 1953.

Ministry of Munitions

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Existed between 1915 and 1921.

National Assistance Board

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Chairman, Unemployed Assistance Board

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Chairman, Assistance Board

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Chairman, National Assistance Board

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Department of National Heritage

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Ministry of National Insurance

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Formed in 1944. Merged with Ministry of Pensions in 1953.

Ministry of National Service

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National Security Adviser

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National Statistics

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Head of Government Statistical Service

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Chief Executive, National Statistics

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Northern Ireland Office

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Formed in 1972.

Permanent Secretary

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Second Permanent Secretary

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Ministry of Overseas Development

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Bought together out of the Department of Technical Co-operation and functions from FO, CRO and CO. Incorporated into the FO and named Overseas Development Administration (ODA). Revived in 1974, reincorporated into FCO in 1979.

Ministry of Overseas Development (1964–1970)

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Permanent Secretary

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Overseas Development Administration, Foreign and Commonwealth Office (1970–1974)

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Ministry of Overseas Development (1974–1979)

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Overseas Development Administration, Foreign and Commonwealth Office (1979–1997)

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Permanent Secretary

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Ministry of Pensions

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Took over work relating to war pensions from the War Office and other organisations in 1916. Merged with Ministry of National Insurance in 1953.

Ministry of Pensions and National Insurance

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Formed from a merger of MNI and MoP in 1953. Replaced with the Ministry of Social Security in 1966.

Poor Law Board

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Permanent Secretary

Poor Law Commission

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Secretary

Post Office

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Permanent Secretary

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Director-General

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Deputy Chairman of the Post Office Board

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Department of Prices and Consumer Protection

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Functions transferred from the Department of Trade and Industry in 1974. Merged into the Department of Trade in 1979.

Ministry of Production (1942-1945)

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Ministry of Public Building and Works

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Succeeded the Ministry of Works in 1962; that Ministry had been established in 1940 and succeeded the the Office of Works (formed in 1851 with antecedents). Functions mostly absorbed into new Department of the Environment in 1970.

Permanent Secretary (1962-1970)

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Permanent Secretary, Office of Public Service (and Science 1992-1995)

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Clerk of the Council, Privy Council

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See under Clerk of the Privy Council (United Kingdom)

Ministry of Reconstruction (1917-1919)

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Formed in 1917.

Ministry of Reconstruction (1943-1945)

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Formed out of and merged into the Cabinet.

Registrar-General for England and Wales

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See under General Register Office for England and Wales#Registrars General

HM Revenue and Customs

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Permanent Secretary and Chief Executive

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First Permanent Secretary and Executive Chairman

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Permanent Secretary for Tax

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Second Permanent Secretary

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Office of the Minister of Science (1959-1964)

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Merged into the Ministry of Education in 1964.

Department of Scientific and Industrial Research

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Secretary

(merged with Science Research Council, 1965)

Scottish Office

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Replaced by Scottish Executive 1999

Ministry of Shipping

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First World War

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Second World War

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Ministry of Social Security

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Replaced MPNI in 1966. Merged with Ministry of Health to form Department of Health and Social Security in 1968.

Department of Social Security

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Spun out of DHSS in 1988. Merged in DWP in 2001.

Ministry of Supply

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Established to meet wartime supply in 1939. Functions transferred to the Ministry of Aviation in 1959.

Department of Technical Co-operation

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Created from functions in FO and CRO in 1961, merged into the Ministry of Overseas Development in 1964.

Director-General

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Ministry of Technology

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Established in 1964 and merged into DTI in 1970. Absorbed Ministry of Power in 1969 and the Ministry of Aviation in 1967.

Permanent Secretary

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Permanent Secretary (Aviation)

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Melville joined in 1967 from the Ministry of Aviation, as Secretary (Aviation). In 1969, Tony Benn reorganised the Ministry of Technology and made Melville's title "Permanent Secretary (Aviation)".[65]

Permanent Secretary (Industry)

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Ministry of Town and County Planning

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Established 1943, Merged into the Ministry of Housing and Local Government in 1951.

Board of Trade

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Established in 1786. Functions absorbed into DTI in 1970

Second Secretary

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Second Permanent Secretary

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Department of Trade

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Functions transferred from the Department of Trade and Industry in 1974. Merged back into the Department of Trade and Industry in 1983.

Permanent Secretary

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Second Permanent Secretary

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Department of Trade and Industry

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Created by merger of the Board of Trade and the Ministry of Technology in 1970; also took over Department of Employment's responsibilities for monopolies and mergers. Split into Department of Trade, Department of Industry and the Department of Prices and Consumer Protection in 1974, but reunited in 1983. The Department of Energy merged with it in 1992. Broken up in 2007 into the Department for Innovation, Universities and Skills and the Department for Business, Enterprise and Regulatory Reform.

Permanent Secretary

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First Department (1970-1974):

Second Department (1983-2007):

Second Secretary

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First Department (1970-1974)

Ministry of Transport (formerly Transport and Civil Aviation, and War Transport)

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Established in 1919, renamed the Ministry of War Transport in 1941, renamed back in 1946, and then renamed the Ministry of Transport and Civil Aviation between 1953 and 1959 before reverting once more. Merged into the Department of the Environment, 1970.

Transport

Director-General, War Transport

Transport

Transport and Civil Aviation

Transport

Department of Transport

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Formed in 1976; spun out of Department of the Environment. Merged into the Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions in 1997

Department for Transport, Local Government and the Regions

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Formed out of the Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions in 2001. Local government functions moved to the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister and then, in 2006, the Department for Communities and Local Government. Transport functions transferred to the new Department for Transport.

Department for Transport

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Created from the Department for Transport, Local Government and the Regions in 2002.

HM Treasury

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Assistant Secretary

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Permanent Secretary

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Second Secretary

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From 1956, the Treasury was headed by two Joint Permanent Secretaries. One was responsible for management and had two Third Secretaries under him. The other was responsible for economic and financial policy which was divided into three groups: financial and monetary policy, under the Second Secretary (Finance); public expenditure and resources, under the Second Secretary (Resources and Expenditure); and economic policy.[70]

A management review in 1975 created four main sectors, three head by a Second Permanent Secretary (Public Services, Domestic Economy and Overseas Finance), and the other being the Chief Economic Adviser.[71] From 1982, the Deputy Secretaries in Domestic Economy reported directly to the Permanent Secretary at the Treasury.[72]

See also Peter Browning, The Treasury and Economic Policy: 1964-1985 (Longman, 1986).

Department or divisional heads

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By 1919, the Treasury was divided into three departments (Finance, Establishments, and Supply Services), each headed by a Controller who was broadly equivalent to a Permanent Secretary in other government departments. Finance and Supply were merged in 1927. From 1932, the system was overhauled and replaced by a divisional system headed by a Permanent Secretary, aided by a Second Secretary, with three under secretaries overseeing the three old departments.[73] This was partly a product of economies following the 1931 economic crisis; the Department heads were down-graded to under-secretary grade and the number of deputy controllers reduced from two to one.[74]

Finance

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From 1919 to 1932:

From 1932:

  • 1932-1939??: Sir Frederick Phillips, GCMG, CB (promoted to Third Secretary in 1939; Second Secretary in 1942)

Supply

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From 1919 to 1927 (merged with Finance):

From 1932:

Establishments

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From 1919 to 1932:[75]

From 1932 (Under-Secretary, Establishments Division):[76]

Head of Women's Establishments (established 1920):[75]

Second Permanent Secretary, Finance

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Second Permanent Secretary (Finance)

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Second Permanent Secretary (Overseas Finance)

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Second Permanent Secretary, Payment and Management

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Second Permanent Secretary (Payment and Management)

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This position existed until 1966.

The post was revived in 1987.

  • 1987-1990: Dame Anne Elisabeth Mueller, DCB,[83] previously Second Permanent Secretary (Management and Personnel Office) at the Cabinet Office.

Second Permanent Secretary, Public Expenditure

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Second Permanent Secretary (Resources and Expenditure)

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Second Permanent Secretary (Public Sector)

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Second Permanent Secretary (Public Services)

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Second Permanent Secretary (Public Expenditure)

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Second Permanent Secretary, Domestic Economy

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Second Permanent Secretary (National Economy)

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Second Permanent Secretary (Domestic Economy)

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This position was created in 1975 under the management review and Lord was the first appointee.[88] Ryrie was not replaced; the two Deputy Secretaries who reported to him instead reported directly to the Permanent Secretary.[72]

Second Permanent Secretary (since 1997)

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Directors, Managing Directors and Directors-General

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Note that in April 2011, the Treasury's structure changed with large Directorates (headed by Managing Directors) replaced by smaller director-led groups, clusters of which were overseen by Directors-General (with considerable continuity).[93]

Budget and tax

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Director, Spending

Managing Director, Budget and Public Finances

Managing Director, Budget, Tax and Welfare

Director-General, Tax and Welfare

Finance, regulation and industry

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In 2006, Finance and Industry Directorate was abolished; the Financial Services section was transferred to International Finance; the Enterprise and Growth Unit was transferred to Public Services (which was renamed the Public Services and Growth Directorate) with Kingman as its new Managing Director.[96]

Managing Director, Finance, Regulation and Industry

Managing Director, Finance and Industry

Government Financial Management

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Managing Director, Government Financial Management

See under Government Finance Profession. Jointly held by the Head of the GFP since 1995; this was Professor Sir John Andrew Likierman, who was initially Director, Financial Management (and Reporting) at the Treasury.

Macroeconomic policy

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Director, Macroeconomic Policy and Prospects

Managing Director, Macroeconomic Policy and International Finance

Formed by the merger of Macroeconomic Policy and Prospects Directorate and International Finance Directorate in 2000.

Second Permanent Secretary (Macroeconomic Policy and International Finance)

Managing Director, Macroeconomic and Fiscal Policy

International Finance spun out to International and Finance in 2007.

Director-General, Macroeconomic and Fiscal Policy

International, finance and Europe

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International Finance was merged with Macroeconomic Policy and Prospects in 2000 (see above).

Director, International Finance

International Finance was spun back out of Macroeconomic Policy and International Finance in 2007.

Managing Director, International and Finance

Managing Director, International and Europe

  • 2009–2011: Michael James Ellam, CB (under International and Finance; succeeded Pickford there).

Director-General, International and Europe

Financial services

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Spun out of International and Finance in 2011.

Director-General, Financial Services

Public services and spending

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Managing Director, Public Services

Managing Director, Public Services and Growth

Director-General, Public Services

Director-General, Spending

Director-General, Public Spending and Finance

The role was merged with the Head of the Government Finance Profession into the Director-General, Public Spending and Finance, following a 2013 management review.[44]

Director-General, Public Spending

The role was again split, with the Treasury retaining a Director-General, Public Spending, and some functions transferred to the Head of the Government Finance Function, a part-time role given to Mike Driver, Chief Financial Officer at the Ministry of Justice.[44]

Personnel

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Managing Director, Personnel, Accommodation and Information Services

Managing Director, Corporate Services and Development

The office was not retained at Managing Director level. From 2007 to 2010, Louise Wendy Tullett, CBE, was Group Director, Finance and Procurement; Julian Thomas Kelly was Director, Finance, from 2011 to 2012. Kirstin Baker, CBE, succeeded him in 2013 and stepped down in March 2016.

Christopher Jon Martin, CB, CVO, was interim Director, Corporate Services, in 2009. Emma Lindsell was appointed Director, Corporate Services, in 2010. In 2011, Alison Cottrell, CB, was appointed Director for Corporate Services and was also jointly Director of Financial Services until she stepped down in 2015.

Chief Economic Adviser

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Chief Executive, Office of Government Commerce

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Second Permanent Secretary (and Chief Executive, Office of Government Commerce)

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Chief Executive, Debt Management Office

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University Grants Committee

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Chairman

War Office (1857-1964)

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Merged into MoD.

Welsh Office (1965-1999)

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Ministry of Works (formerly Office of Works)

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Department for Work and Pensions (2001-present)

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Formed out of DSS and elements of the DfEE.

Permanent Secretary

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Second Permanent Secretary

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Agencies

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  • Jobcentre Plus (Chief Executive)
  • Pension, Disability and Carers Service (Chief Executive)

References

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  1. ^ Who's Who
  2. ^ a b The Report of the Iraq Inquiry. Annex 3: Names and Posts, p. 303.
  3. ^ Butler, et al, states that Sir Richard Mottram was appointed "Secretary to the Cabinet Office" in 2002, but it is not mentioned in his Who's Who; Omand was Cabinet Office Permanent Secretary from August 2002 and Mottram was appointed Permanent Secretary at the DWP that year.
  4. ^ "Adviser on Market." Times, 8 Oct. 1969, p. 2.
  5. ^ Who's Who
  6. ^ "Latest appointments." Times, 25 Mar. 1972, p. 18.
  7. ^ He succeeded Hunt ("Latest appointments." Times, 17 May 1973, p. 21) and was succeeded by Denman: "Latest appointments." Times, 15 Aug. 1975, p. 14.
  8. ^ "Cabinet Office post for EEC official", The Times, 10 June 1977, p. 2.
  9. ^ George Clark, "Government reshuffle puts power behind devolution policy", The Times, 19 October 1974, p. 1.
  10. ^ Peter Hennessy, "The quiet steersman of devolution policy", The Times, 24 December 1977, p. 3.
  11. ^ House of Commons Treasury Committee, The Appointment of Sir John Cunliffe as Deputy Treasurer of the Bank of England: Fifth Report of Session 2013–14, vol. 1 (2014), p. 3.
  12. ^ Who's Who
  13. ^ "Sir Peter Kemp", The Independent, 18 July 2008. Retrieved 25 July 2019.
  14. ^ Philip Coppel, Information Rights: Law and Practice (Hart, 3rd ed. 2010), p. 603.
  15. ^ "New Permanent Secretary Appointments announced". Office of the Prime Minister. 28 September 2005. Archived from the original on 1 October 2006.
  16. ^ Cook and Keith state 1885, but Hampton died in 1880
  17. ^ https://www.british-history.ac.uk/office-holders/vol4/pp34-37
  18. ^ a b c Hall's ODNB. https://doi.org/10.1093/ref:odnb/11984
  19. ^ a b c d John Beeler (ed.), "Lord Northbrook's response to William T. Stead's criticisms of naval preparedness in the Pall Mall Gazette, 1885", in Brian Vale (ed.), The Naval Miscellany, vol. 8 (Routledge for the Naval Records Society, 2017), p. 328.
  20. ^ Who's Who
  21. ^ https://www.flightglobal.com/FlightPDFArchive/1971/1971%20-%200551.PDF
  22. ^ "Dropping the 'science' title", The New Scientist, 2 May 1974, p. 256.
  23. ^ Who's Who.
  24. ^ a b c "Head of the Home Civil Service 1968–74", in Kevin Theakston and Philip Connelly, William Armstrong and British Policy Making: Understanding Governance (Palgrave Macmillan, 2017).
  25. ^ Who's Who
  26. ^ Who's Who
  27. ^ ODNB
  28. ^ ODNB
  29. ^ Cook et al say 1854, but Merivale's ODNB entry states he succeeded Stephen in 1848
  30. ^ Cook et al says 1859, but his ODNB states 1860
  31. ^ See Machtig's entry in the ODNB
  32. ^ For the years from 1823 to 1878, see "Return of the names of all persons appointed to the Office of Chairman of the Board of Customs or Chairman of the Board of Inland Revenue, since the year 1800", House of Commons Papers, vol. 61 (1878), p. 161. See also, Cook and Keith, British Political Facts 1830–1900, p. 148. For the years before 1823, see Her Majesty's Letters Patent Appointing Nine Commissioners for Managing, etc., the Revenue of Customs (London: J. Hartnell and Co., 1849), pp. 21–22.
  33. ^ Cook and Keith say 1895, but Hamilton's ADB states November 1894.
  34. ^ Cook and Keith say 1898, but Hamilton died in 1895 (see ADB) and Primrose's Who's Who entry states 1895.
  35. ^ Cook et al state 1909, but ODNB states 1908
  36. ^ a b Who's Who
  37. ^ Who's Who
  38. ^ Rimington, John (2009). "Public Management and Administration: A Need for Evolution". Political Quarterly. 80 (4): 562–568. doi:10.1111/j.1467-923X.2009.02056.x.
  39. ^ Who's Who states 1959-1961, but his ODNB has 1949-1951.
  40. ^ Forest service: the first forty-five years of the Forestry, p. 117.
  41. ^ [1], p. 10.
  42. ^ "Forestry Commission Appointments." Times, 29 Mar. 1947, p. 4. "Forestry Commission Changes." Times, 1 June 1948, p. 2.
  43. ^ https://www.nao.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/A-Short-guide-to-HM-Treasury-2017.pdf
  44. ^ a b c https://www.nao.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/A-Short-guide-to-HM-Treasury-2017.pdf
  45. ^ a b c d e f g h Office-Holders
  46. ^ Who's Who
  47. ^ a b c d e f g h "Return of Names of Persons appointed to Office of Chairman of Board of Customs, or Board of Inland Revenue, 1800-78", House of Commons Papers, paper no. 345 (1878), vol. LXI, p. 161.
  48. ^ https://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1790-1820/member/seymour-george-1763-1848
  49. ^ DNB
  50. ^ a b J. C. Sainty, "The Secretariat of the Chief Governors of Ireland, 1690-1800", Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy: Archaeology, Culture, History, Literature, vol. 77 (1977), p. 16.
  51. ^ a b c d e f g h https://archive.org/details/bookofdignitiesc00haydrich/page/562
  52. ^ J. C. Sainty, "The Secretariat of the Chief Governors of Ireland, 1690-1800", Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy: Archaeology, Culture, History, Literature, vol. 77 (1977), p. 16.
  53. ^ J. C. Sainty, "The Secretariat of the Chief Governors of Ireland, 1690-1800", Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy: Archaeology, Culture, History, Literature, vol. 77 (1977), p. 16.
  54. ^ J. C. Sainty, "The Secretariat of the Chief Governors of Ireland, 1690-1800", Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy: Archaeology, Culture, History, Literature, vol. 77 (1977), p. 16.
  55. ^ Butler's states that this was held by "W. Vaughan", but Chrystal's Who's Who states that he was "Secretary of the Ministry of National Service and the Ministry of Reconstruction ... 1918-1919". See also, "New Pensions Secretary." Times, 15 July 1919, p. 9.
  56. ^ Who's Who
  57. ^ "Civil Service changes to fit new structure." Times, 16 Oct. 1970, p. 2.
  58. ^ Who's Who
  59. ^ Who's Who
  60. ^ a b c d e f Frederick H. Armstrong, Handbook of Upper Canadian Chronology: Revised Edition (Toronto and London: Dundurn Press, 1985), p. 229
  61. ^ His Who's Who states 1917-1918
  62. ^ Chrystal's Who's Who states that he was "Secretary of the Ministry of National Service and the Ministry of Reconstruction ... 1918-1919". "New Pensions Secretary." Times, 15 July 1919, p. 9, states he succeeded "Mr. Vaughan Nash", but Nash's Who's Who states he was Secretary until 1919.
  63. ^ See his WP page
  64. ^ a b c d David Milne, The Scottish Office (London: Allen and Unwin, 1957), p. 217.
  65. ^ a b The Economist, vol. 233 (1969), p. 13.
  66. ^ Richard Crossman, The Diaries of a Cabinet Minister: Secretary of State for Social Services, 1968-70 (Hamilton, 1967), p. 339, n. 2.
  67. ^ Who's Who
  68. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Office-Holders
  69. ^ a b https://archive.org/details/bookofdignitiesc00haydrich/page/270
  70. ^ Chester, D.N. (1962). "The Treasury, 1962". Public Administration. 40 (4): 419–426. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9299.1962.tb01298.x.
  71. ^ Paul Mosley, The Making of Economic Policy: Theory and Evidence from Britain and the Untied States since 1945 (London and New York: St Martins Press, 1984), p. 48. Domestic Economy had two Deputy Secretaries, (1) for Counter-Inflation and Public Finance; and (2) for Industry. Public Services also had two: (1) Public Services; (2) General Expenditure. Overseas Finance had one Deputy Secretary. Separate from the rest was the Central Unit with an Under-Secretary-in-Charge (at Deputy Secretary grade), and the Information Division and Establish and Organisation section which were headed by Under Secretaries.
  72. ^ a b David Blake, "Whitehall changes on the way", The Times, 3 July 1982, p. 2.
  73. ^ Geoffrey K. Fry, "Three giants of the inter-war British higher civil service: Sir Maurice Hankey, Sir Warren Fisher and Sir Horace Wilson", in Kevin Theakston (ed.), Bureaucrats and Leadership (Macmillan, 2000), pp. 46-47.
  74. ^ http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1101/1/U042642.pdf p. 95
  75. ^ a b http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1101/1/U042642.pdf pp. 102-106, 370
  76. ^ http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1101/1/U042642.pdf p. 370
  77. ^ a b c d "New Permanent Secretary." Times, 10 Oct. 1968, p. 2: "Sir David Serpell ... who is now Second Secretary at the Treasury, is [moved to MAFF] ... Mr. F. E. Figgures, present Third Secretary at the Treasury, is to succeed Sir David as Second Secretary, and Sir David's present position in charge of public expenditure will be taken by Mr S. Goldman, at present Second Secretary in charge of home and overseas finance".
  78. ^ a b ODNB
  79. ^ For succeeding Rickett, see "Treasury's new envoy." Times, 30 May 1968, p. 21.
  80. ^ For succeeding Figgures, see "Mr Alan Neale takes over senior Treasury post." Times, 16 Jan. 1971, p. 7.
  81. ^ For succeeding Neale, see Jay, Peter. "Mr Derek Mitchell for Treasury job." Times, 2 Dec. 1972, p. 17.
  82. ^ "Appointments." Times, 26 Sept. 1988, p. 17.
  83. ^ a b c "Appointments." Times, 22 Sept. 1987, p. 14.
  84. ^ a b c d e Peter Browning, The Treasury and Economic Policy: 1964-1985 (Longman, 1986), appendix A.
  85. ^ Blake Hennessy, David Peter. "Promotion at the Treasury brings a new generation of leaders into the spotlight." Times, 5 May 1977, p. 2.
  86. ^ "Appointments." Times, 23 July 1992, p. 14.
  87. ^ a b David Walker, "Any other business", The Guardian, 14 May 2003. Retrieved 20 July 2019.
  88. ^ Corina, Maurice. "Government seeks new approach to Budget." Times, 16 Oct. 1975, p. 17.
  89. ^ After Kingman's appointment in 2012, Scholar was responsible for "the finance ministry function, including public finance and international issues" (https://www.gov.uk/government/news/additional-second-permanent-secretary-at-the-treasury)
  90. ^ Kingman had responsibility for "the economics function, in particular growth, financial services, and infrastructure" (https://www.gov.uk/government/news/additional-second-permanent-secretary-at-the-treasury)
  91. ^ https://www.ft.com/content/57fcd46a-4187-11e3-b064-00144feabdc0
  92. ^ https://www.gov.uk/government/news/new-second-permanent-secretary-to-the-treasury-appointed
  93. ^ https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/221559/annual_report_accounts140711.pdf
  94. ^ As well as Who's Who, see http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/2985550.stm
  95. ^ https://www.gov.uk/government/people/indra-morris
  96. ^ Compare the Annual Reports from 2006 and 2007: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/231323/0518.pdf https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/272290/6830.pdf
  97. ^ https://web.archive.org/web/20120218204839/http://www.hm-treasury.gov.uk/d/resourceaccounting180706.pdf
  98. ^ a b c d e https://archive.org/details/bookofdignitiesc00haydrich/page/233
  99. ^ Hawes's DNB states he held the office until his death in March 1862.
  100. ^ Who's Who
  101. ^ Boase
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