George Douglas Freeth Jr. | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | November 8, 1883 Oahu, Hawaii, United States |
| Died | April 7, 1919 (aged 35) San Diego, California, United States |
George Douglas Freeth Jr. (November 8, 1883 – April 7, 1919) was an American lifeguard, surfer, and swimming instructor of English and Native Hawaiian descent. Freeth popularized surfing in Southern California when he arrived in Los Angeles in 1907 and built the foundation for the state's professional lifeguard service.[1][2]
editBiography
editFreeth was born in Honolulu, Hawaii in 1883. His mother was mixed-race (English and Native Hawaiian) and his father was English.[3] Further information taken from various descendants mentions that his mother was Elizabeth Kailikapuolono Green, daughter of William Lowthian Green and Elizabeth "Lepeka" Kahalaunani, a Hawaiian woman. Lepeka also conceived three daughters with Archibald Cleghorn, a well-known businessman of Honolulu. Cleghorn later fathered the well-known Princess Kaiulani with Hawaiian royalty Miriam Likelike, a sister to King David Kalakaua and Queen Liliuokalani.[2]
According to the 1910 Census, Freeth rented a room at 106 Pacific Avenue in Redondo Beach where he lived while working as a lifeguard.[2]
Freeth died at the age of 35 as a result of the global flu pandemic in 1919 while living and working in San Diego. According to his draft registration card a year earlier, Freeth was living at 1940 Abbott Street in San Diego and working as a lifeguard for the City of San Diego. Upon his death, he was buried in Oahu Cemetery in a grave with his sibling, A.R. Freeth.
Lifeguard contributions
editFreeth is credited by some with developing the rescue paddleboard and the rescue can, tools commonly used by lifeguards.[4] However, the United States Lifesaving Association asserts that the rescue can was designed by Captain Henry Sheffield in 1897.[5]
In 1910, Freeth was awarded the Gold Lifesaving Medal for rescuing seven fishermen off Venice Beach during a winter storm in December 1908.[6] The obverse of the medal shows rescuers in a small, storm-tossed boat pulling a man from the water, and the legend reads:
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
ACT OF CONGRESS JUNE 20, 1874
The legend on the reverse reads:
IN TESTIMONY OF HEROIC DEEDS IN SAVING LIFE FROM THE PERILS OF THE SEA
And in the reverse center is inscribed:
TO GEORGE FREETH FOR HEROICALLY RESCUING SEVEN FISHER-MEN
Theft of bust
editOn August 7, 2008, it was reported that a bronze bust of Freeth was stolen from the Redondo Beach Pier where it was on display. Police had no leads at the time, but suspected that the bust was stolen to be sold for scrap metal because of its copper content.[7] On November 7, 2010, George Freeth's bust was replaced in Redondo Beach, CA.
Freeth's life and his contributions to surfing and lifeguarding is a significant part of the documentary film Waveriders.
References
edit- ^ Verge, Arthur C. (Summer–Fall 2001). "George Freeth: King of the Surfers and California's Forgotten Hero". California History: 82–105 – via University of California Press.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date format (link) - ^ a b c Moser, Patrick (June 28, 2022). Surf and Rescue: George Freeth and the Birth of California Beach Culture (First ed.). Urbana, Illinois: University of Illinois Press. p. 179. ISBN 978-0-252-08652-6.
- ^ Moser, Patrick (2022). Surf and Rescue: George Freeth and the Birth of California Beach Culture (1st ed.). Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press. p. 7. ISBN 978-0-252-04444-1.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) - ^ "Arthur Verge, Los Angeles Lifeguards". Cmp.ucr.edu. Archived from the original on 2012-04-27. Retrieved 2013-03-22.
- ^ Brewster, B. Chris (2003). Open Water Lifesaving, The United States Lifesaving Manual. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458: Pearson Custom Publishing. p. 16. ISBN 0-536-73735-5.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link) - ^ Cisco, Dan (1999). Hawaiʻi sports : history, facts, and statistics. Honolulu: University of Hawaiì Press. p. 277. ISBN 9780585329666. OCLC 45843018.
- ^ Lin II, Rong-Gong (August 8, 2008). "Bust of surfing legend stolen". Los Angeles Times.
External links
edit- surfline.com biography
- picklehead.com biography, from American Heritage Magazine
- The unheralded god who walked on water - The Independent
- "100 years of hanging ten"[permanent dead link] - A tribute in the Los Angeles Times
- Wave Riders - a documentary exploring Freeth's life and legacy
- Official copyright holder to the name George Freeth