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Masyaf castle

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Kyiv Metro
 
 
A type 81-540.3К train at Dnipro station
Overview
Native nameКиївський метрополітен
Kyivs'kyi metropoliten
OwnerKyiv City Council
LocaleKyiv
Transit typeRapid transit
Number of lines3[1][2]
Number of stations52 (2 under construction)
Daily ridership  1.32 million (2016)[2]
Annual ridership  484.56 million (2016)[2]
Chief executiveViktor Brahinskyi
WebsiteKyiv Metro (in Ukrainian)
Operation
Began operation6 November 1960; 64 years ago (1960-11-06)
Operator(s)Kyivs'kyi Metropoliten
Number of vehicles824 cars[2] (in 130 trains)
Technical
System length67.56 km (41.98 mi)[1][2]
Track gauge1,520 mm (4 ft 11+2732 in)
ElectrificationThird rail, 825 V DC
Average speed36.11 km/h (22.44 mph)[2]





The castle consists of an internal fortress built on top of the southern, high part of the rocky plateau in a square-like shape, with approximately rectangular towers distributed on its corners with two defensive levels, and in the middle, a heavenly courtyard with a ground level. The upper fort is surrounded by a first wall. The surface of the upper rocky plateau and the upper fort include five rectangular retaining towers. The inner fort is also surrounded by an outer wall surrounding the edges of the rocky plateau, and a number of rectangular towers at two levels high, equipped with small arrow targets. The main entrance to the castle is located in the southwestern corner of the outer castle. It is an Arab-Islamic architectural system consisting of two large halls with a long corridor between them. The entrance is characterized by turning at a right angle from the first main hall to the second hall, which in turn leads to a void, distributing paths into the castle through. There are two roads. The main road heads north to reach a corridor 65 meters long. Parts of this corridor were partially dug into the rock, and it was provided on the western side with a series of arrow targets and towers. At the end of the corridor there is a third large hall that closes the corridor and through it passes into the castle. The second corridor heads south, passing through a door cut into the rock that allows access to the upper part of the castle via a staircase prepared within the rocky mass. The outer wall of the castle was strengthened by building a number of rectangular and polygonal towers over several stages of time, and their stones varied between large and small stones. Parts of the walls of the old fort were also strengthened and covered with double walls in both the inner and outer castle to keep pace with the development of military architecture during the ages it passed through. . At the end of the twelfth century AD (the period of Sinan Rashid al-Din), the citadel witnessed a new rebuilding that included a number of polygonal towers equipped with five large arrow targets distributed on two defensive levels, especially on the western and northern sides of the citadel, reflecting the military and defensive importance of the citadel, and the faction was occupied and covered. There are a number of important halls between the walls of the inner castle and the outer castle.

At the beginning of the 13th century, a palace was built in the upper part of the inner castle. It is distinguished by its gate decorated with an inscription dating back to 1226. An advanced door, smaller in size than the first door, was also added to further fortify the main entrance to the citadel, and a fortified area was created in front of it, in which a bathroom was built. It dates back to the middle of the thirteenth century, and its use continued until the Tatar invasion in the year 1401. The Mamluks, during the reign of al-Zahir Baybars, carried out a major restoration operation after its liberation from Mongol control included the construction of a series of defensive terraces on the southern and eastern sides of the citadel. At the end of the eighteenth century AD, the castle became the headquarters of a ruling family of the Nizari Ismailis. The house of Prince Mustafa al-Mulhim was built on the eastern side of the outer castle in the year 1793. Public housing abounded in the castle, and the castle remained occupied with public housing until the arrival of the French Mandate, when a French garrison occupied the castle. For some time, the ring road that currently surrounds the castle was prepared.[3]

Wikipedia History

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The first article on Ukrainian wikipedia was written on 26 січня 2004[4]. First article on ukrainian wikipedia is «Атом», created on 30 January 2004 by the IP 61.125.212.32 (later registered as Yuri koval) from Fuji city, Japan.

  1. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference About-metro was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ a b c d e f Cite error: The named reference asmetro was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ "قلعة مصياف أصداء الحجارة المنسية". صحيفة الخليج (in Arabic). Retrieved 2024-03-21.
  4. ^ Географія Archived 2021-05-04 at the Wayback Machine (Користувач:202.216.55.46)
  5. ^ "Українська Вікіпедія перетнула позначку у 10 мільйонів редагувань". Archived from the original on 12 травня 2014. Retrieved 3 вересня 2012. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= and |archive-date= (help)
  6. ^ "статистика на 28 травня 2014 року". Archived from the original on 4 травня 2021. Retrieved 23 грудня 2021. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= and |archive-date= (help)
  7. ^ "У "Вікіпедії" написана 750-тисячна стаття українською мовою" (in Ukrainian). LB.ua. 2017-11-29. Retrieved 2023-05-30.
  8. ^ У Вікіпедії тепер три чверті мільйона статей українською Archived 2018-12-09 at the Wayback Machine // Вікімедіа Україна, 2017-11-28
  9. ^ "Wikimedia News — March 2020". Archived from the original on 23 січня 2018. Retrieved 23 березня 2020. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= and |archive-date= (help); no-break space character in |title= at position 15 (help)
  10. ^ Вікіпедія:Перегони

Graph

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