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Regulation by Dynactin
editOne major form of motor regulation within cells for dynein is dynactin. It may be required for almost all cytoplasmic dynein functions[1]. Currently, it is the best studied dynein partner. Dynactin is a protein that aids in intracellular transport throughout the cell by linking to cytoplasmic dynein. Dynactin can function as a scaffold for other proteins to bind to. It also functions as a recruiting factor that localizes dynein to where it should be[2][3]. There is also some evidence suggesting that it may regulate kinesin-2[4]. The dynactin complex is composed of more than 20 subunits[5], of which p150(Glued) is the largest[6]. There is no definitive evidence that dynactin by itself affects the velocity of the motor. It does, however, affect the processivity of the motor[7].The binding regulation is likely allosteric: experiments have shown that the enhancements provided in the processivity of the dynein motor do not depend on the p150 subunit binding domain to the microtubules.[8]
- ^ Karki, Sher; Holzbaur, Erika LF (1999-02-01). "Cytoplasmic dynein and dynactin in cell division and intracellular transport". Current Opinion in Cell Biology. 11 (1): 45–53. doi:10.1016/S0955-0674(99)80006-4.
- ^ Moughamian, Armen J.; Osborn, Gregory E.; Lazarus, Jacob E.; Maday, Sandra; Holzbaur, Erika L.F. (2013-08-07). "Ordered Recruitment of Dynactin to the Microtubule Plus-End is Required for Efficient Initiation of Retrograde Axonal Transport". The Journal of Neuroscience. 33 (32): 13190–13203. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0935-13.2013. ISSN 0270-6474. PMC 3735891. PMID 23926272.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link) - ^ Moughamian, Armen J.; Holzbaur, Erika L. F. (2012-04-26). "Dynactin Is Required for Transport Initiation from the Distal Axon". Neuron. 74 (2): 331–343. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2012.02.025. PMC 3347924. PMID 22542186.
{{cite journal}}: no-break space character in|first2=at position 6 (help); no-break space character in|first=at position 6 (help)CS1 maint: PMC format (link) - ^ Berezuk, Matthew A.; Schroer, Trina A. (2007-02-01). "Dynactin enhances the processivity of kinesin-2". Traffic (Copenhagen, Denmark). 8 (2): 124–129. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0854.2006.00517.x. ISSN 1398-9219. PMID 17181772.
- ^ Urnavicius, Linas; Zhang, Kai; Diamant, Aristides G.; Motz, Carina; Schlager, Max A.; Yu, Minmin; Patel, Nisha A.; Robinson, Carol V.; Carter, Andrew P. (2015-03-27). "The structure of the dynactin complex and its interaction with dynein". Science (New York, N.Y.). 347 (6229): 1441–1446. doi:10.1126/science.aaa4080. ISSN 0036-8075. PMC 4413427. PMID 25814576.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link) - ^ Schroer, Trina A. (2004-01-01). "Dynactin". Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology. 20: 759–779. doi:10.1146/annurev.cellbio.20.012103.094623. ISSN 1081-0706. PMID 15473859.
- ^ King, S. J.; Schroer, T. A. (2000-01-01). "Dynactin increases the processivity of the cytoplasmic dynein motor". Nature Cell Biology. 2 (1): 20–24. doi:10.1038/71338. ISSN 1465-7392. PMID 10620802.
- ^ Kardon, Julia R.; Reck-Peterson, Samara L.; Vale, Ronald D. (2009-04-07). "Regulation of the processivity and intracellular localization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae dynein by dynactin". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 106 (14): 5669–5674. doi:10.1073/pnas.0900976106. ISSN 1091-6490. PMC 2657088. PMID 19293377.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link)