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Narva Formation is a geologic formation preserving fossils from the Middle Devonian of Latvia and Estonia.[1]

Geology

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The Narva Formation was formed during the Middle Devonian transgression maximum as the Devionian sea expanded. The formation is made up of three members being the Vadja, Leivu, and Kernave members. The total depth of the formation is 74.5 (244 ft) meters with the composition of the formation changing heavily between the individual members[1]:

Member Composition
Vadja Dolomitic marl, Clayey dolomitic marl, Clay with imbedded siltstone
Leivu Siltsone, Siltstone with calcitic cement, Clayey dolomitic marl, Clay with gypsum inclusions
Kernave Siltstone, Silty dolomitic marl, Sandy siltstone

Paleobiota

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Actinopterygii

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Genus Species Member Notes Image
Cheirolepis[2] C. gracilis Vadja
C. spp. Leivu, Kernave
Orvikuina[2] O. sp Vadja, Leivu, Kernave
O. vardiaensis Leivu, Kernave

Chondrichthyes

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Genus Species Member Notes Image
Cheiracanthoides[2] C. estonicus Vadja A climatiid known from only scales.[3]
Cheiracanthus[4] C. brevicostatus A cheiracanthid known from both Batic and Scottish formations, it had a long body with a dorsal fin positioned in-between the pelvic and anal spines.[4]
C. longicostatus
C. splendens
C. peachi
Diplacanthus [5] D. crassisimus
Ptychodictyon[2] P. rimosum Leivu, Kernave
Nostolepis[2] N. kemavensis Kernave

Osteostraci

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Genus Species Member Notes Image
Cephalaspididae gen. indet[2] Vadja, Leivu, Kernave

Placodermi

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Genus Species Member Notes Image
Actinolepis [2] A. tuberculata Vadja, Leivu, Kernave An actinolepid that when compared to other species within the genus, has a longer ventral trunk wall than A. spinosa but shorter than A. magna.
 
Asterolepis[2] A. estonica Vadja, Leivu, Kernave An asterolepidid known from a large amount of disarticulated material.[6]
 
Byssacanthus[2] B. dilatatus Vadja, Leivu, Kernave An asterolepid with a large spine on the anterior medial dorsal plates.[7]
 
Coccosteus[2] C. cuspidatus Leivu, Kernave A coccosteid known from a large amount of material, just like other genera from the formation, it is also documented from Scotland.[8]
 
Holonema[2] H. sp.A Vadja A holonematid known from fragmentary material, the material is most similar to the species H. bruehni.[9]
 
H. sp.B Kernave A holonematid known from fragmentary material, the material is most similar to the species H. radiatum.[9]
Homosteus[2] H. latus Leivu, Kernave A homostiid with comparatively thick plates and a keel over its medial dorsal plates.[10]
 
?H. sp. Kernave
Protitanichthys[2] ?P. sp.n. Vadja A basal pachyosteomorph placoderm known from many fossil sites in both Eurasia and North America.[11]
 
Ptyctodontida gen.indet. Kernave

Pteraspidomorphi

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Genus Species Member Notes Image
Ganosteus[2] G. sp Kernave
Pycnolepis[2] P. splendens Kernave
Pycnosteus[2] P. sp Kernave
Schizosteus[2] S. striatus Vadja, Leivu, Kernave

Sarcopterygii

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Genus Species Member Notes Image
Dipnoi gen. indet[2] Vadja, Leivu
Dipterus[2] D. serratus Leivu, Kernave
Glyptolepis [2] G. spp Vadja, Leivu, Kernave
Gyroptychius[2] ?G. grossi Leivu, Kernave
Onychodus[2] O. sp Vadja
Osteolepididae gen. indet.[2] Vadja, Leivu, Kernave
Thursius[2] T. fischeri Leivu, Kernave

References

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  1. ^ a b Bjerkéus, Monica (2001-06). "The Lower and Middle Devonian of the south-eastern Baltic Sea". GFF. 123 (2): 97–105. doi:10.1080/11035890101232097. ISSN 1103-5897. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x Mark-Kurik, Elga (2000). "The Middle Devonian fishes of the Baltic States (Estonia, Latvia) and Belarus". CFS Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg. 223.
  3. ^ Plax, D. P. (2019). "A NEW SPECIES OF THE ACANTHODIAN FISH FROM THE KOSTYUKOVICHI REGIONAL STAGE (MIDDLE DEVONIAN, EIFELIAN) OF BELARUS". Bulletin of BarSU Series "Biological Sciences. Agricultural Sciences.
  4. ^ a b Museum~carole.burrow@gmail.com, Carole Burrow~Queensland; Amsterdam~J.L.denBlaauwen@uva.nl, Jan den Blaauwen~University of; Newman~ ~ichthyman5@gmail.com, Michael (2020-04-01). "A redescription of the three longest-known species of the acanthodian Cheiracanthus from the Middle Devonian of Scotland". Palaeontologia Electronica. doi:10.26879/1035. Retrieved 2024-10-30.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  5. ^ Museum~carole.burrow@gmail.com, Carole Burrow~Queensland; Amsterdam~J.L.denBlaauwen@uva.nl, Jan den Blaauwen~University of; Lodge~ichthyman@btinternet.com, Michael Newman~Vine; Davidson~Aberdeen~Bob.Davidson@nexencnoocltd.com, Robert (2016-03-16). "The diplacanthid fishes (Acanthodii, Diplacanthiformes, Diplacanthidae) from the Middle Devonian of Scotland". Palaeontologia Electronica. doi:10.26879/601. Retrieved 2024-10-30.
  6. ^ Newman~ ~ichthyman@btinternet.com, Michael; Amsterdam~J.L.denBlaauwen@uva.nl, Jan den Blaauwen~University of; Leather~ ~davidleather@btinternet.com, David (2019-06-23). "The antiarch fish Asterolepis orcadensis from the Scottish Middle Devonian". Palaeontologia Electronica. doi:10.26879/970. Retrieved 2024-10-31.
  7. ^ Young, G.C. (1984-01). "An asterolepidoid antiarch (placoderm fish) from the Early Devonian of the Georgina Basin, central Australia". Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology. 8 (1): 65–79. doi:10.1080/03115518408619609. ISSN 0311-5518. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  8. ^ Miles, Roger S.; Westoll, T. Stanley (1968). "IX.—The Placoderm Fish Coccosteus cuspidatus Miller ex Agassiz from the Middle Old Red Sandstone of Scotland. Part I. Descriptive Morphology". Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. 67 (9): 373–476. doi:10.1017/S0080456800024078. ISSN 0080-4568.
  9. ^ a b Young, Gavin C. (2005). "Early Devonian arthrodire remains (Placodermi, ?Holonematidae) from the Burrinjuck area, New South Wales, Australia". Geodiversitas. 27 (2).
  10. ^ Denison, Robert Howland (1978). Placodermi. Handbook of paleoichthyology (1. Aufl ed.). Stuttgart ; New York: Fischer. ISBN 978-0-89574-027-4.
  11. ^ Daeschler, Edward (2005-06-27). "Recent Advances in the Origin and Early Radiation of Vertebrates". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 25 (2): 478–478. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2005)025[0478:r]2.0.co;2. ISSN 0272-4634.
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