Occupation | |
---|---|
Activity sectors | Government |
List of rulers to have held the title
editEarly Dynastic I period (c. 2900 – c. 2700 BCE)
editUruk I dynasty (c. 2750 – c. 2700 BCE)
editPortrait or inscription | Ruler | Approx. date and length of reign | Succession and death details | Comments, notes, and references |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gilgamesh | reigned c. 2750 – c. 2700 BCE (≈50 years) |
Son of Lugalbanda (?) |
Early Dynastic II period (c. 2700 – c. 2600 BCE)
editUruk II dynasty (c. 2700 – c. 2348 BCE)
editPortrait or inscription | Ruler | Approx. date and length of reign | Succession and death details | Comments, notes, and references |
---|---|---|---|---|
Lumma | r. c. 2700 – c. 2600 BCE (≈100 years) |
Unclear succession | ||
Ursangpae | r. c. 2600 – c. 2500 BCE (≈100 years) | |||
Lugalnamniršumma | r. c. 2500 – c. 2455 BCE (≈45 years) | |||
Lugalsilâsi I | r. c. 2455 – c. 2445 BCE (≈10 years) | |||
Meskalamdug | r. c. 2445 – c. 2440 BCE (≈5 years) |
Son of Akalamdug (?) | ||
Mesannepada | r. c. 2440 – c. 2435 BCE (≈5 years) |
Son of Meskalamdug (?) | ||
Urzage | r. c. 2435 – c. 2430 BCE (≈5 years) |
Unclear succession | ||
Lugalkinishedudu | r. c. 2430 – c. 2400 BCE (≈30 years) | |||
Lugal-kisalsi | r. c. 2400 – c. 2365 BCE (≈35 years) |
Son of Lugalkinishedudu | ||
Urni | r. c. 2358 – c. 2356 BCE (≈2 years) |
Unclear succession | ||
Lugalsilâsi II | r. c. 2356 – c. 2350 BCE (≈6 years) | |||
Enshakushanna | r. c. 2350 – c. 2348 BCE (≈2 years) |
Son of Elulu (?) |
Early Dynastic III period (c. 2600 – c. 2334 BCE)
editUruk III dynasty (c. 2348 – c. 2300 BCE)
editPortrait or inscription | Ruler | Approx. date and length of reign | Succession and death details | Comments, notes, and references |
---|---|---|---|---|
Lugalzagesi | r. c. 2348 – c. 2316 BCE (≈32 years) |
Son of Ukush | ||
Girimesi | r. c. 2316 – c. 2300 BCE (≈16 years) |
Unclear succession |
Ur III period (c. 2119 – c. 2004 BCE)
editUruk V dynasty (c. 2119 – c. 2112 BCE)
editPortrait or inscription | Ruler | Approx. date and length of reign | Succession and death details | Comments, notes, and references |
---|---|---|---|---|
Utu-hengal | r. c. 2119 – c. 2112 BCE (7 years, 6 months, and 5 days) |
Unclear succession |
Isin-Larsa period (c. 2025 – c. 1763 BCE)
editUruk VI dynasty (c. 1872 – c. 1794 BCE)
editPortrait or inscription | Ruler | Approx. date and length of reign | Succession and death details | Comments, notes, and references |
---|---|---|---|---|
Suen-kashid | r. c. 1865 – c. 1833 BCE (≈32 years) |
Unclear succession | ||
Suen-gamil | r. c. 1827 – c. 1824 BCE (≈3 years) |
Son of Suen-iribam |
Gallery
editSee also
editReferences
editNotes
editCitations
editSources
editBibliography
editJournals
edit- Marchesi, Gianni (2015). Sallaberger, Walther; Schrakamp, Ingo (eds.). "Toward a Chronology of Early Dynastic Rulers in Mesopotamia". History and Philology (ARCANE 3; Turnhout).
External links
editFurther reading
editGeography
editLanguage
edit- Black, Jeremy Allen; Baines, John Robert; Dahl, Jacob L.; Van De Mieroop, Marc (2024) [1997]. Cunningham, Graham; Ebeling, Jarle; Flückiger-Hawker, Esther; Robson, Eleanor; Taylor, Jon; Zólyomi, Gábor (eds.). "ETCSL: The Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature". Faculty of Oriental Studies (revised ed.). United Kingdom (published 1997–2024). Retrieved 2024-01-25.
The Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature (ETCSL), a project of the University of Oxford, comprises a selection of nearly 400 literary compositions recorded on sources which come from ancient Mesopotamia (modern Iraq) and date to the late third and early second millennia BCE.
- Renn, Jürgen; Dahl, Jacob L.; Lafont, Bertrand; Pagé-Perron, Émilie (2024) [1998]. "CDLI: Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative" (published 1998–2024). Retrieved 2024-01-25.
Images presented online by the research project Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI) are for the non-commercial use of students, scholars, and the public. Support for the project has been generously provided by the Mellon Foundation, the National Science Foundation (NSF), the National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH), the Institute of Museum and Library Services (ILMS), and by the Max Planck Society (MPS), Oxford and University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA); network services are from UCLA's Center for Digital Humanities.
- Sjöberg, Åke Waldemar; Leichty, Erle; Tinney, Steve (2024) [2003]. "PSD: The Pennsylvania Sumerian Dictionary" (published 2003–2024). Retrieved 2024-01-25.
The Pennsylvania Sumerian Dictionary Project (PSD) is carried out in the Babylonian Section of the University of Pennsylvania Museum of Anthropology and Archaeology. It is funded by the NEH and private contributions. [They] work with several other projects in the development of tools and corpora. [Two] of these have useful websites: the CDLI and the ETCSL.