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Simpsons historiography

MOS:RELTIME, MOS:DATED

In 2011, during season 22, Charles Kenny of Animation Anomaly argued that The Simpsons' "ultimate demise will contribute to the collapse of the dominance of animation on FOX". He argued that this is due to 5 main reasons. Firstly, "without the weekly reminder [the brand recognition] market is sure to suffer a bit [and while] re-runs remind viewers of the show's existence, they tend to remind them of good times, not encourage them to buy new products". Secondly, "The Simpsons as a brand has phenomenal loyalty [and] once the series ends...that loyalty will begin to (slowly) disappear. People will remain loyal and devoted, but the majority of fans will move on to other shows, or their tastes will change as they get older. Before you know it, all that will be left is a smattering of hardcore fans who hold on to the glory days and maintain that nothing will ever top their faith in a show from the [19]90s." Thirdly, there is an "Inability to replace it" - "Family Guy is perhaps the closest the network has come but since it returned from hiatus [in 2005], it is nowhere near what it used to be and currently attracts a far more narrow demographic than the Simpsons did at its height. The same goes for the other McFarlane [sic] children, they all share similar traits that prohibit them from ever reaching the largest audience possible." Fourthly, "The Simpsons remains a very well written show. Especially in light of all the other "sitcoms" and "comedies" that the various networks put out during the week". Fifthly, "The Simpsons could never be repeated because FOX as a network has changed. When the Simpsons were first broadcast, the creators were given a wide berth when it came to content and biting the hand that feeds them. Since then, FOX has become successful, and much more mainstream as a result. I can't foresee a show being given similar leeway."

In 2007, Groening said "I'm one of those people who gets more credit than I deserve ... So do I feel guilty? Yes. Do I admit it? Yes. And then I move on". David Bennun of The Guardian suggests a reason for the dip on quality could be due to Groening diverting his attention to his other show Futurama. In 2012, between seasons 23 and 24, Jay Kogen said, "Matt is a great great guy. Smart and funny. He helped shape the tone of the show and gave some of the details that gave the world its 'reality.' He and Sam Simon really tried to make the show smart and interesting and its own unique thing." In 2011, between seasons 22 and 23, Nancy Cartwright explained that "Matt still comes to the table reads and has his input". In 1990, between seasons 1 and 2, Entertainment Weekly said "As a cartoonist who's primarily a writer, Matt Groening is the reason the Fox network's The Simpsons...is such an enjoyable show. Groening has created a group of characters whose personalities and motives are more vivid and detailed than the vast majority of sitcoms featuring flesh-and-blood actors...It's because Groening has invested Bart — and all the other Simpsons, for that matter-with a sensitive, vulnerable side that most sitcoms with human beings lack."

Al Jean, showrunner since Season 13, has also been the subject of criticism, with many believing that the show continued to decline under his tenure. John Ortved wrote that the "lack of any new direction from [Jean]" may have "ended up limiting the series' potential". He adds however that although Jean was showrunner "over the show's worst years", it is unfair to give him sole blame for the show's decline, as it is a dynamic show with many collaborators. He adds though that he must take some blame as he has remained showrunner for over ten years, whilst in the first decade of the show the showrunners change every two years to keep things fresh. In his defense, Jean has pointed out that he was co-showrunner with Mike Reiss in seasons 3 and 4. Jared Stroup of the Man in the Movie Hat says "no matter how classy Jean's run has been, nor how steadily he's sustained the show's intelligence and quality (at least attempted quality), the show has suffered the worst ratings and reviews during his tenure", and adds "In retrospect, he seemed to run out of gas around season eighteen, and should've promptly been replaced to freshen up the series". In a review for the first part of season 24, Stroup pointed out that Jean's position is "a big task—might be the biggest task on television, if you think about it—and Jean deserves to be appreciated more than he is." Stroup accredits Jean with turning "the "couch gag" into a work of art" and using an "impressive song selection to accompany scenes and moments in a near avant-garde way." He adds "You might disagree with him, but if there's one thing Al Jean knows, it's what The Simpsons is. He played an integral role in creating that definition after all." In a review for season 24's "Penny-Wiseguys", Stroup said the episode is "a perfect example of the weird places the show has gone under the Jean tenure, but there's something simultaneously worrisome and exciting about how bizarre this episode is".

Death Note

In volume 1 of the manga, set in 2003 Tokyo, disaffected high school student Light Yagami finds the "Death Note", a mysterious black notebook that can kill anyone as long as the user knows both the target's name and face. Initially terrified of its god-like power, Light considers the possibilities of the Death Note's abilities and kills high-profile Japanese criminals, then targets international criminals. Five days after discovering the notebook, Light is visited by Ryuk, a "Shinigami" and the Death Note's previous owner. Ryuk, invisible to anyone who has not touched the notebook, reveals that he dropped the notebook into the human world out of boredom and is amused by Light's actions. As criminals around the world die from inexplicable accidents and heart attacks, the global media suggest that a single mastermind is responsible for the mysterious murders and name him "Kira" (キラ, the Japanese transliteration of the English word "killer"). Hoping to apprehend Kira, Interpol requests the assistance of an enigmatic consulting detective, known as L, to assist their investigation. Deducing that Kira is based in Japan, L tricks Light into revealing that he is in the Kanto region of Japan by manipulating him to kill a decoy. Furious, Light vows to kill L, whom he views as obstructing his plans. L deduces that Kira has inside knowledge of the Japanese National Police Agency investigation, being led by Light's father, Soichiro Yagami. Under the suspicion that "Kira" could have family ties with members of the "Kira" investigation, L assigns a team of FBI agents to monitor the families of those connected with the investigation.

In volume 2, set in 2003 and 2004, Light kills the FBI agents, forcing them to end their investigation. L works in person with the five remaining Japanese investigators willing to investigate Kira, including Soichiro. L learns enough to designate Light as the prime suspect. In volume 3, Light graduates from high school to college. L recruits Light into the Kira Task Force, with each trying to get the other to reveal crucial information.

In volumes 3 to 7, actress-model Misa Amane, having obtained a second Death Note from a Shinigami named Rem, makes a deal with Rem for Shinigami eyes, which allow her to kill knowing only the face, at the cost of half her lifespan. Seeking to have Light become her boyfriend, Misa uncovers Light's identity as the original Kira, but Light has another motive: he intends to use Misa's Shinigami eyes to discern L's true name. L deduces that Misa is likely the second Kira and detains her. Rem threatens to kill Light if he does not find a way to save Misa. Light arranges a scheme in which he and Misa temporarily lose their memories of the Death Note, and has Rem pass the Death Note to a less morally driven individual, Kyosuke Higuchi of the Yotsuba Group. With memories of the Death Note erased, Light joins the investigation and, together with L, deduce Higuchi's identity and arrest him. Light regains his memories and uses the Death Note to kill Higuchi, regaining possession of the book. After restoring Misa's memories, Light instructs her to begin killing as Kira, causing L to cast suspicion on Misa. With Light insinuating the investigation would lead to Misa's capture and execution, Rem realizes Light's plan all along was to have her sacrifice herself to kill L, as a Shinigami may not kill others to prevent a human's death. After Rem kills L, she disintegrates and Light obtains her Death Note. The task force does not announce L's death and agrees to have Light operate as the new L. With Light working as both L and Kira, the investigation stalls but crime rates continue to drop as he no longer has a threat of capture.

Four years later, cults have arisen which adore Kira. Two young men, raised as potential successors to L, are revealed: Near and Mello. Aware that L is dead, they consider Light, the current L, as a prime suspect. Mello, with Mafia assistance, kidnaps Light's sister, resulting in his father's death during a rescue mission. As suspicion falls again on Misa, Light passes Misa's Death Note to a fervent supporter of Kira, Teru Mikami. He also appoints newscaster Kiyomi Takada as Kira's public spokesperson. Realizing that Takada is connected to Kira, Mello kidnaps her. Takada kills Mello but is killed by Light. Near deduces Mikami's connection to Kira and arranges a meeting between Light and the current Kira Task Force members. Light tries to have Mikami kill Near as well as all the task force members, but Mikami's Death Note fails to work, having been replaced with a decoy. Perusing the names Mikami had written down, only Light's is missing, which proves Light is Kira. Light is grievously wounded in a scuffle and begs Ryuk to write the names of everyone present. Ryuk instead writes down Light's name in his Death Note, as Light declares himself as the god of the new world before dying.

Cable

After his solo series ended, Cable was paired with the mercenary Deadpool in a new ongoing series titled Cable & Deadpool. The series largely dealt with Cable's efforts to change the world for the better, including turning his old spaceship Greymalkin into the floating utopian island of Providence. The first story arc of the series features a Cable that has learned to suppress his techno-organic virus to a nearly effortless degree, allowing him to access the better part of his vast psionic powers. He gains a power level similar to his Nate Grey counterpart from The Age of Apocalypse reality and tries to use them to force the people of the world to live in peace. Using his powers at this magnitude also means that he will die due to the vast power being too much for his body to continuously maintain.

Cable tries to carry out his plans quickly, defeating the X-Men, Six Pack and S.H.I.E.L.D. with little effort. They turn the tide of the battle on Cable by enlisting the aid of the Silver Surfer. Cable and the Silver Surfer battle, destroying buildings and other structures that are immediately rebuilt by Cable's vast telekinesis. Cable tries to explain his good intentions to the Surfer with no avail. Cable destroys the Surfer's board and briefly holds his own against the Surfer. He is ultimately defeated when the Surfer destroys Cable's arm, and Providence, held up by Cable's powers, falls into the sea. Deadpool, under Cable's orders, subsequently uses a piece of technology that lobotomizes the part of Cable's brain that controls his powerful telepathy and telekinesis, rendering him comatose. The Fixer brings Cable to life with the help of a Technarchy embryo, though his powers remain weakened.

Around the same time period, Cable becomes a member of a team of X-Men that consists of Rogue, Iceman, Cannonball, Sabretooth, Mystique, Lady Mastermind, and Omega Sentinel.

In preparation for Messiah Complex, Cable seemingly dies in issue #42 when he detonates Providence to prevent Gambit and Sunfire from stealing his database, causing the remainder of the series to be focused entirely on Deadpool. This series was canceled after issue #50, in which a resurrected and offscreen Cable delivers a psimitar tool to Deadpool to humanely remove the symbiote from dinosaurs that came from the Savage Land. Cable & Deadpool was replaced by two series starring each of the characters.

JoJo season 3

After being fused into stone, Angelo reveals to Josuke and Jotaro that he received his Stand ability before his execution when a man in a school uniform shot him with a centuries-old bow and arrow, mentioning the name of the Joestar family's enemy, DIO. Angelo attempts to use this discussion to distract the two and attack a nearby child with Aqua Necklace. When Angelo insults Josuke's hair, Josuke completely fuses Angelo with the stone. Realizing that the bow and arrow may be what originally gave DIO his Stand, Jotaro decides to remain in Morioh to investigate. The next day, Josuke and Koichi pass by a derelict house where Josuke is jumped by Okuyasu Nijimura as Okuyasu’s older brother Keicho fires an arrow through Koichi's neck. Josuke is kept from reaching Koichi's aid by Okuyasu, whose Stand The Hand can scrape away anything its right hand touches and instantly close the gap left afterwards. Josuke uses this to his advantage by tricking Okuyasu into removing the space between him and some potted plants, which launch towards him and knock him out. After Keicho drags Koichi inside the house, Josuke follows them.

As Josuke enters the house, Keicho attempts to attack him with his Stand Bad Company, but hits Okuyasu when Okuyasu tries to attack Josuke from behind. Josuke quickly takes Okuyasu outside and uses Crazy Diamond to treat his wounds. Bad Company injures Josuke's hand while escaping, but Josuke cannot use Crazy Diamond's ability on himself. Josuke reenters the house and finds Koichi in a booby-trapped second floor room. Okuyasu repays the favor by closing the distance between Koichi and the door before going back outside to remain neutral. Josuke heals Koichi before the two attempt to escape from Bad Company, an entire army of toy soldiers complete with tanks and helicopters, as Keicho makes himself known once Koichi is revealed to have awakened a Stand. Keicho forces Koichi to bring out his Stand, which appears to just be a seemingly useless egg. Keicho targets Josuke again. Josuke uses Crazy Diamond's ability to fire Bad Company's own missiles back at Keicho.

Reaching the attic where the bow and arrow are, Josuke and Koichi find the Nijimura brothers' father, a former servant of DIO's who mutated into a mindless creature after DIO died and the flesh buds DIO put in his head lost control. Keicho explains that he has been finding a Stand user who can kill his father, who cannot be killed by conventional means and seems obsessed with searching through an old chest. Josuke uses Crazy Diamond to restore a torn up photograph of the Nijimura family inside the chest, hinting that the father still retains memories of his old life. Just as Josuke offers to help Keicho and Okuyasu find a way to cure their father in exchange for the bow and arrow, Keicho is attacked by the electrical Stand, Red Hot Chili Pepper, who steals the bow and arrow and kills Keicho by dragging him through an electrical outlet. As Jotaro receives a warning from Red Hot Chili Pepper's user not to interfere any further, Okuyasu decides to befriend Josuke and go to school with him.

Unable to get Koichi to take him seriously without risking either of their lives, Rohan attempts to reach the Morioh Grand Hotel without letting anyone see his back despite Cheap Trick's antics. Cheap Trick attempts to get several cats and dogs to attack Rohan and see his back, only for the animals to be shooed off by Koichi as he eventually believes Rohan's story. Koichi tries removing Cheap Trick using Echoes Act 3, only to discover that doing so will damage Rohan's back as well. Despite appearing to have gone insane as he shows his back to Koichi, Rohan reveals they are in Ghost Alley with Cheap Trick dragged away by the spectral hands with Rohan hoping the Stand ends up in Hell. Meanwhile, Hayato witnesses Kira killing a couple with his ability and catches it on film, something that Kira is quick to notice. Kira confronts Hayato and prepares to kill him, only for Hayato to reveal he has set up various cameras and videotapes that would threaten to expose his identity if Kira attempts to kill him or his mother.

Hayato's threat of exposing him infuriates Kira enough that he inadvertently killed the boy in a manner that would not look like an accident. Yoshihiro then appears and reveals that Rohan and the others now consider Kosaku Kawajiri a suspect and plan to visit, Kira refusing to leave Morioh despite being backed into a corner. Yoshihiro's arrow senses Kira's anxiety and impales him of its own will, entering his body while giving Killer Queen a new ability. The next morning, Hayato appears alive and well, believing he had a nightmare of being killed while noting Kira being strangely confident enough to reveal his true name as the man indirectly reveals the other Stand users' existence. Rohan intercepts Hayato on his way to school and uses Heaven's Door to read the boy's memories, ignoring a warning as he reads events that occur within seconds before reaching the page revealing Kira's identity. This made Rohan fall victim to the bomb Kira implanted in Hayato, Bites the Dust, which kills anyone who learns about Kira's identity through Hayato. As Rohan explodes, Hayato suddenly finds himself sent back in time to an hour earlier due to Bites the Dust's effects and realizes he is trapped in a time loop.

Realizing he is in a time loop, Hayato attempts to keep his distance from Rohan. But Kira, deducing that Hayato was already subjected to Bites the Dust, explains how he used his Stand's new ability to avert Hayato's death and make him the means of getting rid of his pursers. Kira also reveals that anyone killed by his Stand's ability in the previous time loop still dies and that canceling the ability after such a death makes the event permanent, with Hayato forced to watch Rohan still explode. Hayato tries to avoid Josuke, Jotaro, Koichi, and Okuyasu when they arrived, but his forced suicide attempt is prevented by Killer Queen as he set up Bites the Dust. Ending up back in his room at 7:30 AM, Hayato realizes the only way of saving Josuke's group and his mother is by killing Kira or forcing him to cancel Bites the Dust before Rohan's death. The boy hides Stray Cat while intending to use his knowledge of events to catch Kira off guard, but the slight chances of events enabled Kira manages to protect himself from Stray Cat's attack with a watch he had put in his jacket.

As Kira brags about his victory to Hayato, who had secretly called Josuke to arrive a bit early while tricking the murderer into exposing himself. This forces Kira to cancel Bites the Dust in time to protect himself from Josuke, with Rohan's life saved as Okuyasu arrives. Despite being outmatched, Kira took advantage of Hayato bringing Stray Cat and places it in Killer Queen's body so his Stand can create invisible remote bombs with Okuyasu taking heavy damage. Josuke tries to reach Okuyasu and heal him, but Hayato deduces that Kira turned him into a bomb with Josuke conflicted over sacrificing himself to save Okuyasu. But Hayato, deducing that Kira can only set off one bomb at a time, sets off the bomb on himself with Josuke quickly restoring the boy and healing Okuyasu who seems to have died. Josuke refuses to accept Okuyasu died as he use Crazy Diamond on the road debris in his wounds to dodge Kira's airbomb as he and Hayato retreats into a nearby house, with Kira deeming Josuke as a true threat to himself.

Despite Josuke and Hayato hiding inside the house, Kira figures out Josuke's location with Josuke badly wounded after being caught in an explosion. But Josuke uses his hardened blood on a vase fragment to turn it into a homing bullet that hits the area on Kira's body with Josuke's blood on it. Josuke then notices Kira using a cell phone and realizes Yoshihiro had been hiding in Hayato's pocket to relay their position, with Josuke tricking Kira into killing father with an explosion that attracts attention. Josuke then draws Kira into a close quarters fight, but Stray Cat manages to protect Kira from Crazy Diamond's attacks. Josuke was about to be hit by another air bomb when Okuyasu suddenly appears and snatches Stray Cat from Killer Queen, with Kira drove further into a corner as Jotaro and the others arrive alongside emergency vehicles responding to the explosions.

Surrounded by ambulances and fire engines, Kira attempts to use Bites the Dust on an approaching nurse in an last-ditch attempt to kill everyone and avert turn of events. It seemed to have worked until Kira finds himself in Ghost Alley, Reimi reintroducing herself to her killer after having him remember that he died from being crushed under a moving ambulance after Koichi and Jotaro prevented him from triggering Bites the Dust. Despite Kira realizing he is in Ghost Alley, he is forced to look back when Arnold bites off his hand and is torn to pieces while dragged away by the spectral hands. No longer bound to her attachments, Reimi and Arnold bid farewell to everyone before moving on to the next life. The next day, Jotaro and Joseph return home as the summer of 1999 draws to a close for the residents of Morioh Town. Josuke sees Jotaro and Joseph off at the pier, and uses Crazy Diamond's abilities to prank Joseph and steal his wallet.

List of Pokémon anime characters

These friends are principally humans who raise and train Pokémon in their role as Pokémon trainers, Pokémon coordinators, and Pokémon performers, and includes Misty, Brock, Tracey Sketchit, May, Dawn, Iris, Cilan, Serena, Clemont, Lillie, Kiawe, Mallow, Lana, and Sophocles. Some of the friends Ash has adventures with, however, such as May's brother Max, and Clemont's sister Bonnie, are too young to have Pokémon of their own.

Ash also competes with a number of recurring rival Pokémon trainers in his journeys, including Gary Oak, Harrison, Morrison, Tyson, Paul, Sawyer, Alain, and Gladion. Ash's friends encounter recurring rivals of their own during their adventures. May and Dawn meet rival Pokémon coordinators Drew, Harley, and Solidad. Serena has a rivalry with the Pokémon performers Aria, Miette, Shauna, and Nini.

		Series
		Original					Advanced Generation					Diamond & Pearl				Best Wishes!			XY			Sun & Moon
		Kanto	Orange Islands	Johto			Hoenn			Kanto		Sinnoh				Unova			Kalos			Alola
Character	Actor	Indigo League	Adventures on the Orange Islands	The Johto Journeys	Johto League Champions	Master Quest	Advanced	Advanced Challenge	Advanced Battle		Battle Frontier	Diamond and Pearl	Battle Dimension	Galactic Battles	Sinnoh League Victors	Black & White	Rival Destinies	Adventures in Unova and Beyond	XY	Kalos Quest	XY & Z	Sun & Moon	Ultra Adventures
Ash Ketchum	Veronica Taylor Sarah Natochenny Rica Matsumoto	Main
Pikachu	Ikue Ōtani	Main
Misty	Rachael Lillis Michele Knotz Mayumi Iizuka	Main						Recurring			Guest							Guest				Recurring
Brock	Eric Stuart Bill Rogers Yūji Ueda	Main	Recurring	Main														Guest				Recurring
Jessie	Rachael Lillis Michele Knotz Megumi Hayashibara	Main
James	Eric Stuart Carter Cathcart Shin-ichiro Miki	Main
Meowth	Maddie Blaustein Carter Cathcart Inuko Inuyama	Main
Wobbuffet	Kayzie Rogers Erica Schroeder Yūji Ueda			Main														Guest	Main
Tracey Sketchit	Ted Lewis Craig Blair Tomokazu Seki		Main	Guest					Guest							Guest		Guest
May	Veronica Taylor Michele Knotz Kaori Suzuki						Main						Recurring					Guest
Max	Amy Birnbaum Kayzie Rogers Fushigi Yamada						Main						Guest					Guest
Dawn	Emily Bauer Megumi Toyoguchi											Main					Recurring	Guest
Iris	Eileen Stevens Aoi Yūki															Main
Cilan	Jason Griffith Mamoru Miyano															Main					Guest
Serena	Haven Paschall Mayuki Makiguchi																		Main
Clemont	Michael Liscio Jr Yūki Kaji																		Main
Bonnie	Alyson Leigh Rosenfeld Mariya Ise																		Main
Lillie	Laurie Hymes Kei Shindō																					Main
Kiawe	Marc Swint Kaito Ishikawa																					Main
Mallow	Rebecca Soler Reina Ueda																					Main
Lana	Rosie K. Reyes Hitomi Kikuchi																					Main
Sophocles	Alyson Leigh Rosenfeld Fumiko Takekuma																					Main

Cast and characters

Character	Pokémon: The First Movie	Pokémon: The Movie 2000	Pokémon 3: The Movie	Mewtwo Returns	Pokémon 4Ever	Pokémon Heroes	Jirachi—Wish Maker	Destiny Deoxys	Lucario and the Mystery of Mew	The Mastermind of Mirage Pokémon	Pokémon Ranger and the Temple of the Sea	The Rise of Darkrai	Giratina and the Sky Warrior	Arceus and the Jewel of Life	Zoroark: Master of Illusions	Black—Victini and Reshiram and White—Victini and Zekrom	Kyurem vs. the Sword of Justice	Genesect and the Legend Awakened	Diancie and the Cocoon of Destruction	Hoopa and the Clash of Ages	Volcanion and the Mechanical Marvel	I Choose You!	The Power of Us
Ash Ketchum
Pikachu
Misty
Brock
Jessie
James
Meowth
Wobbuffet
Mewtwo
Mew
Tracey Sketchit
Lugia
Raikou
Entei
Suicune
Celebi
May
Max
Lucario
Dawn
Dialga
Palkia
Giratina
Iris
Cilan
Serena
Clemont
Bonnie

Character		Pokémon: The First Movie	Pokémon: The Movie 2000	Pokémon 3: The Movie	Mewtwo Returns	Pokémon 4Ever	Pokémon Heroes	Jirachi—Wish Maker	Destiny Deoxys	Lucario and the Mystery of Mew	The Mastermind of Mirage Pokémon	Pokémon Ranger and the Temple of the Sea	The Rise of Darkrai	Giratina and the Sky Warrior	Arceus and the Jewel of Life	Zoroark: Master of Illusions	Black—Victini and Reshiram and White—Victini and Zekrom	Kyurem vs. the Sword of Justice	Genesect and the Legend Awakened	Diancie and the Cocoon of Destruction	Hoopa and the Clash of Ages	Volcanion and the Mechanical Marvel	I Choose You!	The Power of Us	Detective Pikachu
Ash Ketchum
Pikachu	Ash's Pikachu
	Detective Pikachu
Misty

Cast

Actor (English) and Actor (Japanese) voiced Character, a description that goes here.

Jessie and James, principally voiced by Rachael Lillis and Eric Stuart in English and by Megumi Hayashibara and Shin-ichiro Miki in Japanese, are a pair of thieves who are bent on stealing other trainers' Pokémon for the criminal organisation Team Rocket.

Addie Blaustein (English, from the episode "The Ninja Poké-Showdown") and Inuko Inuyama (Japanese) voiced Meowth, a talking cat Pokémon who plots with Jessie and James to steal Pokémon, though he is not owned or trained by either of them.

Pokémon universe

Pokémon is a Japanese media franchise created by video game designer Satoshi Tajiri which centers on creatures called Pokémon. The fictional universe of the franchise in which Pokémon and their human trainers live is introduced in the 1996 video games Pokémon Red and Green. This universe comprises several regions populated by Pokémon and humans which appear in video games, anime, manga, and trading cards. Many of these regions are based on real-world locations, and Pokémon can be found in these regions in the video games in places such as tall grass, caves, deserts, and bodies of water.

Locations

Kanto

Kanto is a fictional region introduced in the video games Pokémon Red and Green, released as Pokémon Red and Blue outside of Japan. It also appears in the video games Pokémon Yellow, Pokémon Gold and Silver, Pokémon Crystal, Pokémon FireRed and LeafGreen, Pokémon HeartGold and SoulSilver, and Pokémon: Let's Go, Pikachu! and Let's Go, Eevee! It is based on the Kantō region of Japan. In Pokémon Gold and Silver, Pokémon Crystal, and Pokémon HeartGold and SoulSilver, Kanto can be accessed from Johto by crossing the water.

Johto

Johto is a fictional region introduced in the Pokémon anime episode "Don't Touch That 'dile". It also appears in the video games Pokémon Gold and Silver, Pokémon Crystal, and Pokémon HeartGold and SoulSilver. It is based on the Kansai, Tōkai and eastern Shikoku regions of Japan. In Pokémon Gold and Silver, Pokémon Crystal, and Pokémon HeartGold and SoulSilver, Johto can be accessed from Kanto by crossing the water. "In Don't Touch That 'dile", Johto is reached from Kanto by land.

Hoenn

Hoenn is a fictional region appearing in the Pokémon franchise. It first appears as a cameo in the Pokémon anime episode "Johto Photo Finish" in October 2002, before being more prominently shown in the episode "Get the Show on the Road!" and the video games Pokémon Ruby and Sapphire, which were all released in November. It also appears in the video game Pokémon Emerald and in Pokémon Omega Ruby and Alpha Sapphire. The region is based on the real-world island of Kyushu and its smaller surrounding islands, and has a subtropical climate.

Sinnoh

Sinnoh is a fictional region appearing in the Pokémon franchise. It first appears briefly on a postcard in the Pokémon anime episode "The Unbeatable Lightness of Seeing!" in August 2006, before being more prominently shown in the episode "Following a Maiden's Voyage!" and the video games Pokémon Diamond and Pearl, which were all released in September. It also appears in the video game Pokémon Platinum. The region is based on the northernmost island of Japan, Hokkaido, and has a colder and snowier climate than some of the other regions. In the anime episode "Home is Where the Start Is!", Sinnoh is reached from Kanto by ferry.

Unova

Unova is a fictional region appearing in the Pokémon franchise. In July 2010, it makes a cameo appearance as the home region of the Pokémon Zorua and Zoroark in the animated film Pokémon: Zoroark: Master of Illusions, before being more prominently shown in the video games Pokémon Black and White in September. It also appears in the video games Pokémon Black 2 and White 2. Unova is based on the island of Manhattan. In Zoroark: Master of Illusions, Unova is reached from Sinnoh by ferry.

Kalos

Kalos is a fictional region appearing in the video games Pokémon X and Y. It is based on France.

Alola

Alola is a fictional region introduced in the video games Pokémon Sun and Moon. It also appears in the video games Pokémon Ultra Sun and Ultra Moon. It is based on the islands of Hawaii.

Ultra Space

Ultra Space is a fictional dimension introduced in the video games Pokémon Sun and Moon. It also appears in the video games Pokémon Ultra Sun and Ultra Moon. Ultra Space is home to Pokémon known as Ultra Beasts. Ultra Space can be accessed from the Alola region via Ultra Wormholes, which are unstable portals manipulated by the Pokémon Cosmog, Solgaleo, and Lunala.

Unown's dimension

The Pokémon Unown live in another dimension. It is seen in the animated films Pokémon 3: The Movie and Pokémon: The Rise of Darkrai and in the Pokémon anime episode "Address Unown".

Deoxys' room

An alternate dimension created by the Pokémon Deoxys, referred to in the episode as a "room", appears in the Pokémon anime episode "Pokémon Ranger - Deoxys' Crisis (Part Two)". It resembles a child's bedroom. Deoxys takes Max and Meowth there after the geomagnetic forces from a meteor in Kanto hurt it.

Ghost World

The Ghost World, also known as the Spirit World, is a fictional dimension introduced in the Pokémon anime episode "Ghoul Daze!" It reappears in the episode "Scare at the Litwick Mansion!"

Mirror World

The Mirror World is a fictional dimension connected to the Reflection Cave in the Kalos region, appearing in the Pokémon anime episode "The Cave of Mirrors!" In the episode, humans and Pokémon are characteristically opposite to those in the regular universe.

Pokémon (anime)

Pokémon
ポケットモンスター (Poketto Monsutā)
Anime television series
Produced by	List Keisuke Iwata Makiko Iwata Takayugi Yanagisawa Takemoto Mori Susumu Matsuyama Mikihiko Fukazawa Takashi Harada Ryo Sasaki Sigehiro Tanaka Takuro Muratsubaki Hidekazu Taguchi

Citation example: "Pokémon Emergency!". Pokémon: Indigo League. April 8, 1997. TV Tokyo.

Citation example: "Can't Beat the Heat!". Pokémon: Master Quest. October 17, 2002. TV Tokyo.

Citation example: "A Dream Encounter!". Pokémon the Series: Sun & Moon – Ultra Adventures. October 5, 2017. TV Tokyo.

Plot (replace header of plot and characters)

See also: List of Pokémon anime characters

In season 1, ten-year old Ash Ketchum leaves Pallet Town in the Kanto region to begin his journey as a Pokémon Trainer. He gets his first Pokémon, Pikachu, from the Pokémon researcher Professor Oak, along with an electronic Pokémon encyclopedia called a Pokédex. Initially disobedient and unfriendly to Ash, Pikachu becomes a closer friend and partner to Ash after Ash protects Pikachu from a flock of angry Spearow. Ash continues his journey, making friends and rivals with many other Trainers. Three thieves from Team Rocket, Jessie, James, and a talking Meowth, follow Ash and his friends with the aim of stealing Ash's Pikachu, which they discover to be very rare and powerful. Ash wins eight Gym Badges from Pokémon Gyms in the region to qualify for Kanto's regional Pokémon championship the Indigo League.

• Indigo League
• GS Ball from Professor Ivy
• Riding on Lapras
• Four badges in the Orange Islands
• Orange League Hall of Fame
• Lapras returning home
• Gary battle in Pallet (end of Orange Islands)
• GS Ball delivered to Kurt
• Lance and Team Rocket at Lake Rage
• Eight badges in Johto
• Johto League
• Gary retiring
• Harrison and Blaziken coming from Hoenn
• May getting a Pokémon and Pokédex as an excuse to travel before she grows to like Pokémon
• May changing her path from the Hoenn League to contests
• Jessie, James, and Meowth setting up Team Rocket Hoenn headquarters
• Major Team Aqua and Magma encounters
• Eight badges in Hoenn
• Five ribbons in Hoenn
• Hoenn Grand Festival
• Hoenn League
• Jessie, James and Meowth returning to Kanto and claiming responsibility for Team Aqua and Magma disbanding
• Ash meets Scott
• Seven Frontier Symbols in Kanto/Kanto Battle Frontier Hall of Fame
• Five ribbons in Kanto
• Kanto Grand Festival
• May leaves for Johto
• Gary battle in Pallet (end of Battle Frontier)

Sun & Moon: Ultra Adventures

The episodes were directed by Daiki Tomiyasu and Maki Kodaira, and were produced by the animation studio OLM.

History of Doctor Who

Doctor Who is a British television science fiction series, produced and screened by the BBC on the BBC TV channel from 1963 to 1964, and on BBC1 (later BBC One) from 1964 to 1989 and since 2005. A one-off television movie, co-produced with Universal Pictures and 20th Century Fox Television, was screened on the Fox Network in the United States in 1996.

Origins

In March 1962, Eric Maschwitz, the Head of Light Entertainment for BBC Television, asked Donald Wilson, the Head of the Script Department, to have Wilson's Survey Group prepare a study on the feasibility of the BBC producing a new science fiction television series. The report was prepared by staff members Alice Frick and Donald Bull, and delivered in April, much to the commendation of Wilson, Maschwitz and the BBC's Assistant Controller of Programmes Donald Baverstock. A follow-up report into specific ideas for the format of such a programme was commissioned, and delivered in July. Prepared by Frick with another Script Department staff member, John Braybon, this report recommended a series dealing with time travel as being an idea particularly worthy of development.

Canadian-born Sydney Newman arrived at BBC Television as the new Head of Drama in either December 1962 or January 1963. Newman was a science fiction fan who had overseen several such productions in his previous positions at ABC Television and the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. In March 1963, he was made aware by Baverstock – now promoted to Controller of Programmes – of a gap in the schedule on Saturday evenings between the sports showcase Grandstand and the pop music programme Juke Box Jury. Ideally, any programme scheduled here would appeal to children that had previously been accustomed to the timeslot; the teenaged audience of Juke Box Jury; and the adult sports fan audience of Grandstand. Newman decided that a science fiction programme would be perfect to fill the gap, and enthusiastically took up the existing Script Department research, initiating several brainstorming sessions with Wilson, Braybon, Frick and another BBC staff writer, Cecil Edwin "Bunny" Webber. While developing the format, Newman believed there needed to be an educational aspect in the series, and suggested the need of "a kid to get into trouble [and] make mistakes", along with "a senile old man of seven hundred and twenty years or sixty years of age, who had escaped from a distant planet in a spaceship [which] had the capacity to go forward and backward in time."

Around April or early May, Webber wrote a format document called "General Notes on Background and Approach". The four characters in this format were a 15-year-old secondary school girl, two of her teachers at the school, and the title character "Dr. Who", who was to be "a frail old man lost in space and time", who was both "searching for something as well as fleeing from something". Hugh David, an actor friend of director Rex Tucker, later claimed that Tucker coined the title Doctor Who. Tucker himself claimed that it was Newman who had done so.

In May, Newman approached staff director Rex Tucker as producer. On 15 May, Webber's revised version of "General Notes on Background and Approach" described Dr. Who as a 650-year-old who "fears pursuit by some undefined enemy". The time machine would initially appear as a police box (which was later claimed to have been thought up by staff writer Anthony Coburn), and was "an old beat-up model which Dr. Who stole when he escaped from his own galaxy... [m]oreover, Dr. Who has forgotten how to work it, so they have to learn by trial and error." At the end of May, Mervyn Pinfield joined the series as associate producer, and was responsible for Doctor Who's technical aspects.

In June, the production team was joined by producer Verity Lambert, an ABC production assistant who worked with Newman, and story editor David Whitaker. According to the Doctor Who: The Complete History series, Tucker left his role as producer at the start of June, but was still intended to be a director for the series. According to Howe, Walker and Stammers, Tucker was only producer until a permanent producer could be found, but still intended to direct a serial. According to the DVD documentary Doctor Who: Origins, Lambert was producer alongside Tucker. All the sources agreed that Tucker left Doctor Who by the end of August.

On 17 June, Coburn submitted a draft for the first episode based on a draft Webber had previously written. In this draft, the pupil was referred to variously as Suzan or Suzanne Foreman. Coburn made the pupil into the Doctor's granddaughter after being bothered about the idea of a young girl travelling with an old man. According to The Complete History and Richard Bignell in Doctor Who Magazine, it was this first draft where she was the Doctor's granddaughter. According to Howe, Walker and Stammers, she became the Doctor's granddaughter in a later draft of the first episode in July. The teachers were later renamed Ian Chesterton and Barbara Wright.

1960s

First Doctor

After actors Hugh David and Geoffrey Bayldon had both turned down approaches to star in the series, in early July 1963, Lambert and the first serial's director Waris Hussein managed to persuade 55-year-old character actor William Hartnell to take the part of the Doctor. Hartnell was known mostly for playing army sergeants and other tough characters in a variety of television series and films, but Lambert had been impressed with his sensitive performance as a rugby league talent scout in the film version of This Sporting Life, which inspired her to offer him the role.

By 12 July, the script for the first episode called Suzanne Foreman "Susan", and the Doctor's space/time machine was now the TARDIS. Barbara and Ian's roles were now firmly established as teaching history and science. William Russell, who was well-known for The Adventures of Sir Lancelot, was cast as Ian. 23-year-old Carole Ann Ford was cast as Susan after Hussein recommended Ford to Lambert. Lambert's actor friend Jacqueline Hill was offered the part of Barbara after the two of them discussed the series at a party. The roles were accepted by around July.

In August, Ron Grainer composed the series' theme music. Delia Derbyshire of the BBC Radiophonic Workshop then realised Grainer's theme by using a series of tape recorders to laboriously cut and join together the individual sounds she created using sine and square wave generators, a white noise generator, and a "wobulator". Grainer was amazed at the results and asked "Did I write that?" when he heard it. Derbyshire replied that he mostly had. The BBC prevented Grainer from getting her a co-composer credit and half the royalties. The title sequence was designed by graphics designer Bernard Lodge and supervised by technician Norman Taylor, and was recorded in August.

Recording on the series began with insert filming for the first serial on 19 September. On 20 September, the regular cast were brought together for a photoshoot at BBC Television Centre in London. Studio recording of the pilot episode "An Unearthly Child" took place on 27 September at Studio D in Lime Grove Studios in London. After Newman reviewed the episode, which had several technical problems, Newman asked Hussein to do it again. Newman took Lambert and Hussein out for lunch and explained the necessary changes to be made to costuming, acting and scripting, including making the Doctor less abrasive towards Ian and Barbara, for the remount. The rerecorded studio session for "An Unearthly Child" was shot at Lime Grove Studio D on 18 October.

The first episode "An Unearthly Child" debuted on BBC TV on 23 November 1963 to over 4 million viewers. Due to both a power failure in certain areas of the country and the overshadowing news of US President John F. Kennedy's assassination, it drew minimal comment and was repeated the following week immediately before the second episode "The Cave of Skulls", resulting in 6 million viewers.

The legless "machine like creatures" with metallic voices, the Daleks, which were written by Terry Nation and designed by Raymond Cusick, first went in front of the cameras in November, and debuted in December. By January 1964, Doctor Who had more than 10 million viewers watching. Nation received torrents of fan mail about the Daleks. Lambert's direct superior Wilson strongly advised against using Nation's Dalek scripts. He had no choice but to allow it to be produced when Lambert explained that no other scripts were ready for production. Once it was clear what a great success it had been, Wilson admitted to Lambert that he would no longer interfere with her decisions as she clearly knew the programme better than he did.

Hartnell's Doctor was not initially paternal or sympathetic; he described himself and Susan simply as "wanderers in the 4th dimension". He was cantankerous, bossy and occasionally showed a streak of ruthlessness. However, the character mellowed as he grew closer to his companions, and he soon became a popular icon, especially among children who watched the series. This alteration in the portrayal of the Doctor began during the fourth serial, Marco Polo. The Doctor's role was minimal during episode two, "The Singing Sands", and from the later episodes his portrayal of the character mellowed considerably.

The programme became a great success, frequently drawing audiences of 12 million or more.

On 12 March, it was announced that Ford was leaving when her contract was up. She felt dissatisfied with the character of Susan. Following the launch of BBC2 channel, Doctor Who began being broadcast on BBC1 beginning with "The Screaming Jungle", the third episode of The Keys of Marinus, on 25 April. In May, Doctor Who recorded at BBC Television Centre for the first time during studio recording of the the second and third episodes of the serial The Aztecs: "The Warriors of Death" and "The Bride of Sacrifice". By July, frequent composer Dudley Simpson had begun his first meeting regarding his work on the series.

In August, Whitaker announced that Dennis Spooner would take over his job as story editor. Whitaker would leave by the end of October. In September, actor and stage manager Maureen O'Brien was cast as a new character to replace Ford. The new companion was a marooned survivor of a spaceship crash from the 25th century whose name went through several iterations before being later decided as Vicki. Beginning with The Dalek Invasion of Earth in September, studio recording moved to Riverside Studios in London. Ford recorded her last regular appearance as Susan in October.

At the start of January 1965, Pinfield stepped down as associate producer, and returned to his role as a staff director. In February, with the debut episode of The Web Planet, also called "The Web Planet", ratings reached a high of 13.5 million viewers, though ratings began to drop as the serial continued.

In early March, it was announced that Lambert was leaving as producer of Doctor Who. Knowing that Ian and Barbara would be leaving at the end of the serial The Chase, on 15 March, Spooner was given permission to write the scripts for a serial known as The Time Meddler to properly establish a new travelling companion of the Doctor (the practice of story editors commissioning themselves was usually frowned on). The astronaut Michael Taylor was created by Spooner and was to be introduced in the final episode of the preceding serial The Chase, "The Planet of Decision".

By the end of March, Spooner had decided not to renew his contract as story editor past his initial 26 episodes, instead preferring to write for the more high-profile ITC series The Baron. On 1 April, it was announced that Russell and Hill were leaving Doctor Who. They thought that 18 months of almost continuous work had meant the show was becoming a grind. The two had given Lambert plenty of notice. Spooner's successor, Compact story editor Donald Tosh, trailed him in April. By April, Lambert's replacement was known to be John Wiles. In early May, Tosh became the new story editor; his first serial being The Time Meddler, though Spooner still wrote the scripts.

In May, actor Peter Purves, who had just recorded a role as American sightseer Morton Dill on the show, was contracted to play Michael. Later that month, Michael was rechristened Steven Taylor. Hill and Russell recorded their last appearances as Barbara and Ian in June. In June, Wiles joined the production team as trailing producer. In August, Lambert left Doctor Who, and following the summer break, in September, Wiles had fully settled in as producer.

O'Brien was informed in early September that her contract would not be renewed. One of the contributing factors to this was O'Brien's dissatisfaction with the scripts for Galaxy 4. To replace Vicki, the Trojan handmaiden Katarina was devised to be introduced at the end of The Myth Makers. However, believing Katarina would be difficult to identify with, and that she was not fitting well into Paul Erickson's scripts, Wiles and Tosh decided to kill her off suddenly in "The Traitors", the fourth episode of The Daleks' Master Plan. The same episode would subsequently introduce a new character, space security agent Sara Kingdom, who would accompany the Doctor and Steven until she was killed off at the climax of the same serial. In August, Adrienne Hill was contracted to play Katarina for five episodes, and Jean Marsh was cast as Sara Kingdom. In September, ratings rose to 11 million with the third episode of Galaxy 4, "Air Lock", but would decline again with subsequent stories.

O'Brien left the show in October, followed by Hill in November, and Marsh in January 1966. Wiles and his production team had a poor working relationship with Hartnell, and both Wiles and Tosh were strained working on The Daleks' Master Plan. Tosh also had concerns for his health, and was refused a request for extended leave by the BBC for a deferred honeymoon. Subsequently, at the start of 1966, Wiles and Tosh submitted their resignations from Doctor Who.

Before leaving, Wiles and Tosh created the new travelling companion of the Doctor, the working-class orphan Dodo Chaplet. In early January, Jackie Lane was cast as Dodo. Wiles intended for her to be played with a working-class Manchester accent. This was used only for her first story The Massacre of St Bartholomew's Eve, with her accent quickly changing to BBC English afterwards. With Hartnell's contract due to expire with The Celestial Toymaker, Wiles and Tosh had planned to replace him at the end of the story with a new actor. Hartnell's contract was renewed in February before these plans could continue any further.

Gerry Davis replaced Tosh as story editor. He officially took over beginning with the last episode of The Massacre of St Bartholomew's Eve, "Bell of Doom", although both Tosh and Davis performed rewrites on the following story, The Celestial Toymaker. Innes Lloyd trailed Wiles in January. Lloyd officially took over as producer with The Celestial Toymaker. In February, with the second episode of The Massacre of St Bartholomew's Eve "The Sea Beggar", ratings fell to just under 6 million.

Finding the characters of Steven and Dodo inflexible and lacking in depth, by around February, Lloyd and Davis decided to write them out. The decision was made to replace them with secretary Polly and cockney sailor Ben Jackson, both of whom were from 1960s London. On 26 April, it was announced that Purves and Lane were leaving the show. In late May, Anneke Wills and Michael Craze were contracted to play Polly and Ben. Purves and Lane both recorded their last appearances as Steven and Dodo in June.

In July, Hartnell agreed with Lloyd's production team to leave the show by October. Feeling increasingly irascible, Hartnell had felt that Doctor Who had become less of a children's show, as increasing amounts of violent content and "evil" had been introduced.

Second Doctor

To replace Hartnell as the First Doctor, Lloyd and Davis came up with the idea of the Doctor dying and rejuvenating himself into a younger form. In August 1966, Patrick Troughton was contracted to play the Second Doctor. The Tenth Planet, though not initially conceived as the First Doctor's departing story, was commissioned in May and featured the cybernetic race the Cybermen devised by Kit Pedler, and designed by costume designer Sandra Reid. This race appeared before the cameras in September, and debuted on screen in The Tenth Planet in October. Following the low ratings of The Smugglers in September and October, Doctor Who gained back 3 million viewers with the transmission of the Cyberman story.

Davis developed 18th century Scot Jamie McCrimmon for the serial The Highlanders for consideration as a potential new companion. Former child actor Frazer Hines was contracted for his initial serial in early November, and Hines accepted the role on a regular basis later that month towards the end of location shooting on The Highlanders.

A new title sequence designed by Lodge was filmed in December, and would debut with the broadcast of The Macra Terror. With the addition of the character of Jamie to the cast, Lloyd and Davis decided not to renew Wills and Craze's contracts, with Lloyd asking Malcolm Hulke and David Ellis in February 1967 to write out Ben and Polly in the serial The Faceless Ones; according to Wills, Craze was dropped and Wills decided to leave with him rather than accept a further contract, while according to Hulke, Lloyd had gone off both of the actors.

Studio work was again based at Lime Grove Studio D from February. In March, Derbyshire rearranged the Doctor Who theme tune by making alterations to her master recording. This first appeared on the show with the second episode of The Faceless Ones. After Pauline Collins turned down further appearances beyond her initial serial The Faceless Ones to become the new companion, in April, Deborah Watling, who starred in the BBC Dennis Potter play Alice, was cast as Victorian era character Victoria Waterfield.

In the spring, actor and producer Peter Bryant became associate producer for The Faceless Ones. Wills and Craze left the show in April. Also in April, Davis handed the role of story editor to Bryant. Subsequently, Bryant was given a serial, The Tomb of the Cybermen, to produce as a test piece to see if he could take over after Lloyd decided to move on at the end of 1967. Bryant's assistant Victor Pemberton became story editor for the time. From August, Bryant was again Lloyd's story editor, and Pemberton had left the production office. By the end of 1967, Bryant had taken over as producer, with actor and writer Derrick Sherwin becoming the new story editor.

In December, director Douglas Camfield cast actor Nicholas Courtney to appear in four episodes of the serial The Web of Fear as Colonel Lethbridge-Stewart after the director's original choice for the part was unavailable. In early 1968, Sherwin's writer friend Terrance Dicks was given an uncredited role as associate story editor; Sherwin intended to prepare Dicks as his successor. By July, Dicks officially took over as script editor.

On 5 September, it was announced that Hines was leaving the show to focus on other film and TV parts. Troughton had asked his costar to reconsider and to stay on into 1969 when they could leave together. Hines, who needed to look after his family after the recent death of his father, decided to renew his contract. On 7 January 1969, it was announced that Troughton was leaving the series in June. Troughton wanted to leave as he feared being typecast.

References

Books

• Ainsworth, John, ed. (2015). Doctor Who: The Complete History. Vol. Volume 1. Panini Magazines/Hachette Partworks Ltd. ISSN 2057-6048. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help)
• Ainsworth, John, ed. (2016). Doctor Who: The Complete History. Vol. Volume 2. Panini Magazines/Hachette Partworks Ltd. ISSN 2057-6048. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help)
• Ainsworth, John, ed. (2016). Doctor Who: The Complete History. Vol. Volume 5. Panini Magazines/Hachette Partworks Ltd. ISSN 2057-6048. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help)
• Ainsworth, John, ed. (2016). Doctor Who: The Complete History. Vol. Volume 9. Panini Magazines/Hachette Partworks Ltd. ISSN 2057-6048. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help)
• Ainsworth, John, ed. (2016). Doctor Who: The Complete History. Vol. Volume 11. Panini Magazines/Hachette Partworks Ltd. ISSN 2057-6048. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help)
• Ainsworth, John, ed. (2015). Doctor Who: The Complete History. Vol. Volume 13. Panini Magazines/Hachette Partworks Ltd. ISSN 2057-6048. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help)
• Ainsworth, John, ed. (2018). Doctor Who: The Complete History. Vol. Volume 14. Panini Magazines/Hachette Partworks Ltd. ISSN 2057-6048. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help)
• Howe, David J; Stammers, Mark; Walker, Stephen James (1993). Doctor Who: The Sixties (2nd ed.). London: Virgin Publishing. ISBN 978-0-86369-707-4.
• Howe, David J; Walker, Stephen James; Stammers, Mark (2016) [2005]. The Handbook: The Unofficial and Unauthorised Guide to the Production of Doctor Who. Vol. Volume 1. Shortlands, Bromley: Telos Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84583-941-3. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help)
• Wright, Mark, ed. (2016). Doctor Who: The Complete History. Vol. Volume 3. Panini Magazines/Hachette Partworks Ltd. ISSN 2057-6048. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help)
• Wright, Mark, ed. (2017). Doctor Who: The Complete History. Vol. Volume 4. Panini Magazines/Hachette Partworks Ltd. ISSN 2057-6048. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help)
• Wright, Mark, ed. (2017). Doctor Who: The Complete History. Vol. Volume 6. Panini Magazines/Hachette Partworks Ltd. ISSN 2057-6048. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help)
• Wright, Mark, ed. (2018). Doctor Who: The Complete History. Vol. Volume 7. Panini Magazines/Hachette Partworks Ltd. ISSN 2057-6048. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help)
• Wright, Mark, ed. (2016). Doctor Who: The Complete History. Vol. Volume 8. Panini Magazines/Hachette Partworks Ltd. ISSN 2057-6048. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help)
• Wright, Mark, ed. (2017). Doctor Who: The Complete History. Vol. Volume 10. Panini Magazines/Hachette Partworks Ltd. ISSN 2057-6048. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help)

Magazines

• Bignell, Richard (2013). "An Unearthly Beginning". Doctor Who Magazine. No. 467. Tunbridge Wells: Panini UK Ltd. pp. 50–58.

Time Lord

Within the series, the Doctor becomes at times an ally, becoming their president in The Invasion of Time (1978), and again in The Five Doctors (1983) and "Hell Bent" (2015), and assists them on many occasions.

History

The First Doctor and his granddaughter Susan Foreman first appeared in the very first Doctor Who serial, An Unearthly Child (1963). Later, in The War Games (1969), the name of the Doctor's people, the Time Lords, is revealed, as is their law of non-interference into the affairs of other worlds. In the same serial, the Time Lords are shown exiling the Second Doctor to Earth for breaking this law. The Three Doctors (1972–73) and The Deadly Assassin (1976) respectively describe the backstory of the founders of Time Lord society, Omega and Rassilon.

In "Dalek" (2005), the Ninth Doctor explains that his people perished along with the Dalek race in the "Last Great Time War", leaving the Doctor the last of his race. In "The Satan Pit" (2006), the Beast identifies the Tenth Doctor as "[t]he killer of his own kind." In "The Sound of Drums" (2007), the Master reveals he escaped the war by turning himself into a human following the Dalek Emperor taking control of the Cruciform. In The End of Time (2009–10), the Time Lords, after attempting to break out the time lock of the Time War and become creatures of consciousness, are shown being sent back into the War on the last day through the Tenth Doctor's intervention. The Master also disappears along with them. Rassilon describes Time Lord history in this story as having lasted "a billion years" up until the end of the Time War.

In "The Day of the Doctor" (2013), thirteen incarnations of the Doctor are shown successfully attempting to freeze the Time Lords and their home world of Gallifrey in time, by transporting them to a "parallel pocket universe". Because the time streams are out of sync, the Doctor does not retain the memory of this until his eleventh incarnation. Indeed, earlier on in the episode, both the Tenth and the Eleventh Doctors mistakenly believe that the War Doctor killed all of the Time Lords on the last day of the Time War. While the plan is being outlined, the War Doctor notes that to the rest of the universe, it only appears as if the Time Lords and Daleks had mutually destroyed each other, when in fact, the Daleks had fired upon themselves in the crossfire after Gallifrey vanished, ending in the destruction of most of their own race, but not the Time Lords. In "Death in Heaven" (2014), the Master, now regenerated into a female form called "Missy", explains that when the Doctor saved Gallifrey, this caused the Doctor to save her as well. She bluffs the Twelfth Doctor into thinking that Gallifrey has returned to its original co-ordinates, but when the Doctor goes looking, he finds nothing there.

Steven Moffat

Moffat was subsequently Doctor Who showrunner, lead writer and executive producer from 2009 until 2017. Moffat's run as executive producer aired from April 2010 to December 2017. Sherlock, which Moffat co-created with Mark Gatiss, began airing in July 2010. He also co-wrote the 2011 feature film The Adventures of Tintin: The Secret of the Unicorn.

TARDIS

The TARDIS (UK: /ˈtɑːdɪs/; US: /ˈtɑːrdɪs/; Time And Relative Dimension In Space) is a fictional time machine and spacecraft in the British science fiction television programme Doctor Who and its associated spin-offs The Sarah Jane Adventures and Torchwood. A TARDIS is a product of the advanced technology of the Time Lords, an extraterrestrial species to which the programme's central character, the Doctor, belongs. The interior of a TARDIS is much larger than its exterior. It can blend in with its surroundings using the ship's "chameleon circuit". TARDISes also possess a degree of sapience.

In Doctor Who, the Doctor pilots an apparently unreliable, obsolete TARDIS; in the episode "Let's Kill Hitler" (2011), it is designated "TT Type 40, Mark 3". Its chameleon circuit is broken, leaving it stuck in the shape of a 1960s-style London police box after a visit to London in 1963. The Doctor's TARDIS was for most of the series' history said to have been stolen from the Time Lords' home planet, Gallifrey, where it was old, decommissioned and derelict. "TARDIS" also refers to a type of craft, rather than a specific one, although the Doctor's ship is the most commonly seen TARDIS in the Doctor Who franchise, and is usually referred to as "the TARDIS". In the films Dr. Who and the Daleks (1965) and Daleks – Invasion Earth: 2150 A.D. (1966), the craft is called Tardis, without the definite article.

Doctor Who has become so much a part of British popular culture that not only has the shape of the police box become more immediately associated with the TARDIS than with its real-world inspiration, the term "TARDIS-like" has been used to describe anything that seems to be bigger on the inside than on the outside. The name TARDIS is a registered trademark of the British Broadcasting Corporation.

On screen

1960s

The First Doctor (William Hartnell) and his granddaughter Susan Foreman (Carole Ann Ford) first appeared in the very first Doctor Who serial, An Unearthly Child (1963). In An Unearthly Child, the First Doctor mentions that Susan and he are cut off from their own planet, while Susan claims to have been born in "another time" on "another world" to Earth in the 20th century. Susan also mentions in The Sensorites (1964) that her grandfather and she don't come from Earth. However, in same serial, the First Doctor describes himself as a human, when the Doctor mentions that cats can "see better than we humans because the iris of their eyes dilates at night", and the First Elder (Eric Francis) also describes the Doctor as "that other human being, the Doctor".

In The Time Meddler (1965), Steven Taylor (Peter Purves) asks the First Doctor of the Monk (Peter Butterworth) if the two of them both come from the same place, to which the Doctor replies, "Yes, I regret that we do, but I would say that I am fifty years earlier." The story does not, however, clarify either the Monk's species nor where exactly he and the Doctor are from. In The Savages (1966), the First Doctor again refers to himself as a human being when he tells Captain Edal (Peter Thomas) that the savages are "human beings, like you and me."

In The War Games (1969), the Second Doctor (Patrick Troughton) confirms that his people are an "immensely civilised race" called the Time Lords. One fugitive Time Lord known as the War Chief (Edward Brayshaw) is shown with the War Lord (Philip Madoc), a member of another race, gathering soldiers from wars throughout Earth's history for a series of war games as part of an eventual plan to conquer the galaxy. The War Lord's men kill the War Chief, while the Time Lords "dematerialise" the War Lord and his associates after the Doctor summons the Time Lords for assistance to bring the kidnapped humans back to their rightful time periods. As punishment for the Doctor's repeated violations of their "important" law of non-interference into the affairs of other planets, the Time Lords sentence the Doctor to be exiled to Earth in the 20th century, remaining there "for as long as we deem proper". Also as a part of this sentence, the Time Lords take the "secret" of allowing space-time travel in the Doctor's ship the TARDIS from him, and forcibly change his appearance.

1970s

In Spearhead from Space (1970), the recently regenerated Third Doctor (Jon Pertwee) explicitly states to the Auton Channing (Hugh Burden) that he is not human; an assertion which remains consistent on the show into the 2010s.

In various stories, the Time Lords temporarily lift the Doctor's exile for him to perform errands set by the Time Lords. In Colony in Space (1971), the Time Lords temporarily restore the Third Doctor's freedom by bringing the TARDIS to the planet Uxarieus by remote control, so the Doctor can "deal with" the renegade Time Lord the Master (Roger Delgado) after the Master steals files from the Time Lords with regard to the doomsday weapon on Uxarieus.

In The Time Warrior (1973–74), the Time Lords' home planet Gallifrey is named on screen for the first time by the Third Doctor.

In The Invasion of Time (1978), the Fourth Doctor (Tom Baker) is inducted as President of the Supreme Council as part of his plan to stop a race called the Vardans from invading Gallifrey. He opens the force field protecting Gallifrey and places the Vardans along with their home world in a time loop, but the Vardans are followed through the force field by a platoon of Sontarans. The Time Lord Rodan (Hilary Ryan) prevents any more Sontarans from coming through by repairing the force field, and the Doctor hypnotises Rodan into having the robot K9 (voice of John Leeson) help her build a "de-mat gun" for the Doctor to stop the Sontaran Stor (Derek Deadman) from destroying the galaxy, along with the Time Lords' power. After defeating Stor, the Doctor then leaves Gallifrey again. In the serial, Andred (Chris Tranchell) tells the Doctor that Rassilon died "aeons ago". The Doctor responds that Rassilon's mind lives on inside a part of the Matrix called the APC Net.

2000s

In "The End of the World" (2005), the Ninth Doctor (Christopher Eccleston) reveals that his home planet "burnt" in a "war" his people lost and that he is the last of the Time Lords. In "Dalek" (2005), the Ninth Doctor further reveals that the "Last Great Time War" involved the Dalek race and the Time Lords, and that both sides were obliterated in the final battle. Head writer and executive producer Russell T Davies wrote in issue #356 of Doctor Who Magazine that the Time War in the series and the one in the novels are unrelated.

In "The Satan Pit" (2006), the Beast (voice of Gabriel Woolf) identifies the Tenth Doctor (David Tennant) as "[t]he killer of his own kind."

"The Runaway Bride" (2006) reveals more about the early history of the Doctor's race. The Tenth Doctor claims the Fledgling Empires went to war against the Racnoss, a species from the Dark Times, billions of years ago, and the Racnoss were wiped out. The Doctor also explains that the Racnoss' power source, Huon particles, were unravelled by his people, leaving the surviving Racnoss hibernating at the centre of the Earth stuck in hibernation for billions of years. Although no direct link between the Fledgling Empires and the Doctor's race is made in the episode, upon hearing the name of the planet Gallifrey, the Empress of the Racnoss (Sarah Parish) claims that they "murdered" the Racnoss.

In "The Sound of Drums" (2007), the Tenth Doctor confirms his involvement in killing all of the Time Lords when he says that he was the only one that could end the War and that he had tried "everything". In "The Stolen Earth" (2008), the Tenth Doctor reveals that the entire Time War is "time locked", which means it is theoretically impossible to enter.

2010s

The 2009–2010 two-part special The End of Time reveals more about the conclusion of the Time War. The Time Lords are depicted as planning on eradicating the material universe in order to win the war, hoping to live on as beings of pure consciousness, in a manoeuvre Rassilon (Timothy Dalton) — who is alive and now Lord President — dubs "the Final Sanction". The Time Lord High Council is warned that the Doctor that fought in the Time War is in possession of a weapon called "the Moment" and is willing to use it to prevent this happening. When the Master (John Simm) opens the time lock of the War, the Time Lords intend to carry out the Final Sanction, until the Tenth Doctor and the Master together reseal the events of the Time War within the lock. Rassilon describes Time Lord history in this story as having lasted "a billion years" up until the end of the Time War.

"The Day of the Doctor" (2013) shows these last days from the point of view of the War Doctor (John Hurt), the incarnation of the Doctor born at that time. The Moment, itself sentient, brings the War Doctor into his own future where he meets the Tenth Doctor and the Eleventh Doctor (Matt Smith), and together, they are able to freeze Gallifrey and the Time Lords in time and putting them in a "parallel pocket universe", causing the Daleks to destroy themselves. However, because of the time streams being out of sync, the War Doctor realises this means that he will still have to live the memory of burning Gallifrey, even though he actually tried to save it.

In "The Time of the Doctor" (2013), the Time Lords reach out to the universe through a crack in time on the planet Trenzalore, broadcasting the message "Doctor who?" through time and space to draw the Eleventh Doctor in. They also send through a truth field so that when the Doctor arrives he will say his real name, with the field making sure it's the real one, which will be a signal for them to return. As "half the universe" is at Trenzalore waiting for this, the Eleventh Doctor refuses as it will restart the Time War. When a very old and frail Doctor goes to meet his demise at the hands of the Daleks, Clara Oswald begs the Time Lords through the crack to intervene, and the Time Lords grant the Doctor a new regeneration cycle through the crack before closing it, changing the Doctor's future and allowing him to defeat the Daleks and save Trenzalore.

In "Hell Bent" (2015), Gallifrey is revealed to have come back from the pocket universe it was frozen in and exists at the end of the universe. The Twelfth Doctor (Peter Capaldi), backed by Gallifrey's armed forces, deposes Rassilon (Donald Sumpter) as Lord President, and banishes him from Gallifrey as revenge for the Doctor's imprisonment. Shortly afterwards, the Doctor runs away by stealing a TARDIS from beneath the Capitol's Cloisters.

History within the show

Professor Yana and Harold Saxon

During several episodes in the revival show's second and third series, a man known as "Saxon" or "Harold Saxon" is mentioned. In "Love & Monsters" (2006), Victor Kennedy (Peter Kay) is reading a newspaper with the headline "Saxon leads polls with 64 per cent". In "The Runaway Bride", the British Army are heard being given orders from "Mr Saxon" to fire upon the Racnoss Webstar. In "Smith and Jones" (2007), medical student Oliver Morgenstern (Ben Righton) tells the news that "Mr Saxon" was proven right about there being life beyond Earth. A poster with the words "Vote Saxon" also appears in the episode. In "The Lazarus Experiment", Francine Jones (Adjoa Andoh) leaves an answerphone message for her daughter Martha (Freema Agyeman), warning her that the Tenth Doctor (David Tennant) is "not safe" and "This information comes from Harold Saxon himself."

Missy

In "Smile" (2017), the Doctor explains to his companion Bill Potts (Pearl Mackie) that he is guarding a vault on Earth as a result of a promise. In "Knock Knock", the Doctor offers dinner to someone inside the vault who is playing a piano. He begins telling the vault's occupant a story. In a flashback in "Extremis", the Doctor vows to stand guard over Missy's body inside this vault for the next thousand years. Remembering his old friendship with Missy, the Doctor instead reprograms the execution system to merely knock her down (as Missy's execution was not part of the vow) in the hope that she would be willing to change. In "The Lie of the Land", Missy recommends killing Bill to break the psychic hold that the Monks have on humanity. The Doctor declares that this shows Missy has not changed at all, although she counters that her willingness to even suggest how to defeat the Monks shows she has progressed. Later on, Missy begins showing signs that she is genuinely remorseful over all the deaths she has caused, which the Doctor finds encouraging.

Comments about "separate and valid" to put on Gallifrey and History of the Time Lords later

In issue #482 of Doctor Who Magazine, Doctor Who head writer and executive producer Steven Moffat, who also wrote "The Girl in the Fireplace", "A Good Man Goes to War", "Listen", "Death in Heaven", "The Witch's Familiar" and "Heaven Sent", answered a question from a reader regarding the Doctor's marriages that it's "[n]ot inevitable ... but reasonable to assume" that Time Lords "marry and mate in much the same way [that humans] do". He also acknowledged "some highly inventive material in the Virgin New Adventures books" that contradicts the Doctor Who TV series, but thought this is a "separate (and equally valid) continuity" to the TV series.

Appearances

Television

Though not mentioned by name, Skaro's irradiated jungles are glimpsed at the end of the Doctor Who serial An Unearthly Child (1963) after the First Doctor's space and time ship the TARDIS departs the Stone Age. In the following serial The Daleks (1963–64), Skaro is depicted as a radioactive wasteland with a barren soil and little plant life over five hundred years after a neutron bomb was detonated. The Daleks appear to all die at the end of the serial after a Thal attack on the Daleks' city is shown disabling the Daleks' power supply, leaving the Thals with technology to help them grow food after the crops on their plateau had failed. Skaro reappears in The Evil of the Daleks (1967), which again concludes with the apparent destruction of the Daleks, this time due to a Dalek civil war on the planet; the Second Doctor states that this is the creatures' ‘final end’. The Thals do not appear in this story. The planet is visited again in Genesis of the Daleks (1975), where the origins of the Dalek race and the conclusion of their precursors' war with the Thals are shown, both of which differ significantly from how they are described in The Daleks.

Other appearances

The Dalek Outer Space Book (1967) contains a chart entitled 'The Evolution of Skaro' which traces the development of the planet from its creation, through various geological periods, to the advent of the Daleks.

According to the novel War of the Daleks (1997), at the climax of the events portrayed in Remembrance of the Daleks, the Daleks manipulate Davros and the Seventh Doctor into destroying a planet called Antalin which they have terraformed to resemble Skaro and take its place. The novel further places the story Destiny of the Daleks on the disguised Antalin, and not Skaro.

Kate Stewart

Kate Stewart
Doctor Who character
Portrayed by	Beverley Cressman (1995; 2004) Jemma Redgrave (2012–15)
In-universe information
Race	Human
Affiliation	UNIT Brigadier Lethbridge-Stewart Eleventh Doctor Twelfth Doctor

Kate Stewart, also known as Kate Lethbridge-Stewart, is a fictional character originally created by writer Marc Platt for the home video drama Downtime (1995), a spin-off of the British science fiction television series Doctor Who. She was played by Beverley Cressman in Downtime and the follow-up home video Dæmos Rising (2004). Kate appears in the series proper in Doctor Who's seventh, eighth, and ninth series, as well as the fiftieth anniversary special, where she is portrayed in a recurring role by Jemma Redgrave as the head of scientific research and Chief Scientific Officer of the fictional organisation UNIT, following the death of her father, Brigadier Lethbridge-Stewart.

Creation

Kate Lethbridge-Stewart was originally created by writer Marc Platt for the home video drama Downtime (1995). When scripting the Doctor Who episode "The Power of Three" (2012), writer Chris Chibnall wanted to pay tribute to the character of Brigadier Lethbridge-Stewart following the death of actor Nicholas Courtney in 2011 by "anchoring [UNIT] to his family" as "a way to keep that family line going", and included Lethbridge-Stewart's daughter, who now went by Kate Stewart, as the newest head of UNIT in his script. The thought which had crossed his mind while watching scenes with the retired Brigadier together with his wife Doris in the Doctor Who serial Battlefield (1989) was that "There has to be a daughter who's off at university somewhere." After "The Power of Three" went into production, Chibnall, primarily a fan of televised Doctor Who narratives over other media, was surprised to learn from Doctor Who Magazine journalist Benjamin Cook that a Kate Lethbridge-Stewart already existed, although this Kate was the daughter of the Brigadier's first wife Fiona, rather than Doris.

Appearances

Novels

A five-year-old Kate briefly appears in the novel The Scales of Injustice (1996), where she is described as the child of Brigadier Alistair Lethbridge-Stewart's wife Fiona. In the novel, Fiona and Alistair's marriage is falling apart because Alistair fails to spend any time with Fiona and Kate. Fiona later tells Alistair over the phone that she's leaving him, and that Fiona and Kate are moving to Fiona's parents' place in Chichester. Alistair wonders if Kate's conception was an attempt on both Alistair and Fiona's behalf to solidify the partnership.

Television

Kate Stewart's first appearance in Doctor Who is in the episode "The Power of Three", where she is portrayed by actor Jemma Redgrave as the head of scientific research of the fictional organisation UNIT. She explains that the formerly military-run UNIT has been run by science "since me," and Kate "dragged [UNIT] along, kicking and screaming" to make them adapt. Under UNIT's watch, the mysterious cubes which arrive on Earth overnight are observed for a whole year, until the cubes start behaving unusually. Kate summons the show's protagonist, the alien Time Lord the Eleventh Doctor (Matt Smith), along with the Doctor's companion Amy Pond (Karen Gillan), to UNIT HQ under the Tower of London for assistance. The Doctor figures out that Kate is the daughter of Lethbridge-Stewart while UNIT monitors the cubes that have been brought in. Kate explains that she dropped the "Lethbridge" from her name because she "didn't want any favours", while also acknowledging that her father guided her until his death. When the cubes begin counting down from the number 7, Kate tries sending a warning across all media to dispose of the cubes and that they are dangerous, but an estimated third of Earth's population is killed after the cubes stop the electrical activity in their hearts. The Doctor later restarts the humans' hearts by reprogramming the cubes.

In "The Day of the Doctor" (2013), Kate has the Eleventh Doctor escorted to the National Gallery's Under-Gallery in the 21st century under orders written in the 16th century by Queen Elizabeth I of England (Joanna Page) to summon the Doctor if any disturbance were to happen there. In the gallery, figures have vanished from Time Lord landscape art kept there. These figures are a race of shapeshifters called Zygons, who freeze themselves in the Time Lord paintings in the 16th century so they can secretly invade Earth in the 21st century. Three of them take the form of UNIT personnel, including Kate, to take over the UNIT Black Archive beneath the Tower of London and ultimately conquer Earth using the alien equipment inside. UNIT scientist Osgood (Ingrid Oliver) releases Kate from her imprisonment, and joined by Osgood and scientist McGillop (Jonjo O'Neill), Kate sets off a countdown for a nuclear warhead under the Archive keyed only to her voice print to destroy London to save the rest of Earth. The War Doctor (John Hurt), Tenth Doctor (David Tennant) and Eleventh Doctor get past the defences of the Archive preventing them from landing there and erase the memory of the Zygons and their human counterparts until the Doctors allow them out of the Archive, with neither side knowing who is human and who is Zygon, so that Kate cancels the detonation and both sides can arrange a peace treaty between humans and Zygons.

In "Death in Heaven" (2014), UNIT troops tranquillise the Twelfth Doctor (Peter Capaldi) and his Time Lord adversary Missy (Michelle Gomez), and the two are brought on board the UNIT plane Boat One when an invasion of the Cyberman race—devised by Missy—takes place worldwide. Kate informs the Doctor that as part of incursion protocols, the Doctor has been inducted President of Earth. Missy escapes her restraints, and commands the Cybermen to pull apart the plane and kill everyone on board. Kate falls out of Boat One when part of its fuselage comes off. However, Kate's dead father, who was resurrected as a Cyberman by the "Cyber-pollen", saves her life before she can fall to her death.

In "The Zygon Invasion" (2015), the peace treaty between humans and Zygons has been breaking down, as a splinter group of Zygons begins taking control. Travelling to Truth or Consequences, New Mexico, Kate discovers the residents of the town have been murdered by Zygons. A Zygon disguised as the sheriff (Gretchen Egolf) tries to neutralise Kate and take on Kate's shape to continue the Zygon invasion, while the UNIT troops elsewhere have been killed. In the follow-up episode "The Zygon Inversion" (2015), it is revealed that Kate survived her encounter with the Zygon by firing "five rounds, rapid" at it, and that she hasn't been replaced. When Zygon commander Bonnie (Jenna Coleman) extracts the location of the Osgood Boxes from Clara Oswald (also played by Coleman), Kate confronts Bonnie in the UNIT Black Archive. Believing that one box has a fifty-fifty chance of revealing the disguised Zygons and starting war, and the other has a fifty-fifty chance of releasing a gas that would turn every Zygon on Earth inside-out, preventing the war, the two stand over the respective Osgood Boxes inside the Archive, ready to press the button, until the Twelfth Doctor convinces both Kate and Bonnie to stand down and for Bonnie to put the ceasefire back in place. Kate also has her memory erased by the Doctor, so that she doesn't realise the two boxes are actually empty.

Audio

Redgrave and Oliver reprised their roles as Kate and Osgood in the Big Finish audio range UNIT: The New Series.

Reception

Reviewing "The Power of Three" in Radio Times, Patrick Mulkern thought Kate Stewart was a "wonderful addition". He praised Jemma Redgrave as an example of "class-act casting: elegant, earnest, warm". Gavin Fuller of The Daily Telegraph believed the concept of Brigadier Lethbridge-Stewart's daughter heading up UNIT in tribute to Nicholas Courtney was "a lovely touch". Morgan Jeffery of Digital Spy thought that Redgrave "immediately endears herself" as Kate in "The Power of Three", and the revelation of Kate as the Brigadier's daughter "makes clear the true impact the Doctor had on her father's life".

Several commentators hoped that Redgrave would make a future appearance as Kate after "The Power of Three" aired. Paraphrasing a line from the Eleventh Doctor in "A Town Called Mercy" (2012), Jeffery said that "she can stay".

Reviewing "The Zygon Inversion", Jeffery pointed out the "pleasing shades of grey" that are brought to Kate's character when she takes up her father's former role of "a more cynical, militaristic counterpart to the Doctor's optimistic pacifism" in the episode. Alasdair Wilkins of The A.V. Club appreciated how during the dilemma in "The Zygon Inversion", the Twelfth Doctor's appeals to Kate were directly to her, rather than an "attempt to invoke the legacy of her father to persuade her one way or the other".

External links

• TardisTybort/sandbox on Tardis Wiki, the Doctor Who Wiki

Category:Recurring characters in Doctor Who Category:UNIT personnel Category:Fictional characters introduced in 1995 Category:Fictional women scientists