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This is a list of Canadian historical population by province and territory, drawn from the Canadian census of population data and pre-Confederation censuses of Newfoundland and Labrador. The data for 1851 to 1976 is drawn primarily from Historical Statistics of Canada, 2nd edition.[1] Data for 1981 through 2021 are from the respective year's respective census. Newfoundland and Labrador pre-Confederation data is from the 1945 Census of Newfoundland and Labrador, volume 1.[2] Data for 1841 and some 1851 data drawn from the 1931 Canadian census.[3] With the exception of Nunavut prior to 1996, the population figures largely reflect modern provincial boundaries; prior to 1996, the population of modern Nunavut is reported with Northwest Territories. Although the census has worked to count First Nations populations since 1871, the it is likely Indigenous Canadians are undercounted by the census.[4] Shaded blocks indicate periods before the province or territory joined the Canadian Confederation. Instances where the reported figure came from a different year's population count (primarily pre-1861 and for Newfoundland) are noted.

1841 to 1931

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Name Confederated[a] 1841 1851 1861 1871 1881 1891 1901 1911 1921 1931
  Alberta 1905 — — — — — 25,277[b] 73,022 374,295 588,454 731,605
  British Columbia 1871 62,100 55,000 51,524 36,247 49,459 98,173 178,657 392,480 524,582 694,263
  Manitoba 1870 4,704[c] 5,391[d] —[e] 25,228 62,260 152,506 255,211 461,394 610,118 700,139
  New Brunswick 1867 156,162[f] 193,800 252,047 285,594 321,233 321,263 331,120 351,889 387,876 408,219
  Newfoundland 1949 96,296[g] 101,600 124,288[h] 146,536[i] 197,335[j] 202,040[k] 220,984[l] 242,619[m] 263,033[n] 289,588[o]
  Northwest Territories 1870 — 5,700 6,691 48,000 56,446 62,540 20,129 6,507 8,143 9,316
  Nova Scotia 1867 202,575[p] 276,854 330,857 387,800 440,572 450,396 459,574 492,338 523,837 512,846
  Nunavut[e] 1999 — — — — — — — — — —
  Ontario 1867 466,831[q] 952,004 1,396,091 1,620,851 1,926,922 2,114,321 2,182,947 2,527,292 2,933,662 3,431,683
  Prince Edward Island 1873 47,042 62,678[r] 80,857 94,021 108,891 109,078 103,259 93,728 88,615 88,038
  Quebec 1867 716,670[s] 890,261 1,111,566 1,191,516 1,359,027 1,488,535 1,648,898 2,005,776 2,360,510 2,874,662
  Saskatchewan 1905 — — — — — 11,150[b] 91,279 492,432 757,510 921,785
  Yukon 1898 — — — — — — 27,219 8,512 4,157 4,230
  Canada   1,752,380 2,543,288 3,353,921 3,835,793 4,522,145 5,035,279 5,592,299 7,449,262 8,787,949 10,666,374


1941 to 1991

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Name 1941 1951 1956 1961 1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991
  Alberta 796,169 939,501 1,123,116 1,331,944 1,463,203 1,627,874 1,838,037 2,213,650 2,365,825 2,545,553
  British Columbia 817,861 1,165,210 1,398,464 1,629,082 1,873,674 2,184,621 2,466,608 2,713,615 2,883,367 3,282,061
  Manitoba 729,744 776,541 850,040 921,686 963,066 988,247 1,021,506 1,013,705 1,063,016 1,091,942
  New Brunswick 457,401 515,697 554,616 597,936 616,788 634,557 677,250 689,375 709,442 723,900
  Newfoundland 316,294[t] 361,416 415,074 457,853 493,396 522,104 557,725 563,750 568,349 568,474
  Northwest Territories 12,028 16,004 19,313 22,998 28,738 34,807 42,609 45,540 52,238 57,649
  Nova Scotia 577,962 642,584 694,717 737,007 756,039 788,960 828,571 839,805 873,176 899,942
  Nunavut[e] — — — — — — — — — —
  Ontario 3,787,655 4,597,542 5,404,933 6,236,092 6,960,870 7,703,106 8,264,465 8,534,265 9,101,694 10,084,885
  Prince Edward Island 95,047 98,429 99,285 104,629 108,535 111,641 118,229 121,225 126,646 129,765
  Quebec 3,331,882 4,055,681 4,628,378 5,259,211 5,780,845 6,027,764 6,234,445 6,369,065 6,532,461 6,895,963
  Saskatchewan 895,992 831,728 880,665 925,181 955,344 926,242 921,323 956,440 1,009,613 988,928
  Yukon 4,914 9,096 12,190 14,628 14,382 18,388 21,836 23,075 23,504 27,797
  Canada 11,828,474 14,009,429 16,080,791 18,238,247 20,014,880 21,568,311 22,992,604 24,083,510 25,309,331 27,296,859

1996 to 2021

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Name 1996 2001 2006 2011 2016 2021
  Alberta 2,696,826 2,974,807 3,290,350 3,645,257 4,067,175 4,262,635
  British Columbia 3,724,500 3,907,738 4,113,487 4,400,057 4,648,055 5,000,879
  Manitoba 1,113,898 1,119,583 1,148,401 1,208,268 1,278,365 1,342,153
  New Brunswick 738,133 729,498 729,997 751,171 747,101 775,610
  Newfoundland 551,792 512,930 505,469 514,536 519,716 510,550
  Northwest Territories 39,672 37,360 41,464 41,462 41,786 41,070
  Nova Scotia 909,282 908,007 913,462 921,727 923,598 969,383
  Nunavut 24,730 26,745 29,474 31,906 35,944 36,858
  Ontario 10,753,573 11,410,046 12,160,282 12,851,821 13,448,494 14,223,942
  Prince Edward Island 134,557 135,294 135,851 140,204 142,907 154,331
  Quebec 7,138,795 7,237,479 7,546,131 7,903,001 8,164,361 8,501,833
  Saskatchewan 990,237 978,933 968,157 1,033,381 1,098,352 1,132,505
  Yukon 30,766 28,674 30,372 33,897 35,874 40,232
  Canada 28,846,761 30,007,094 31,612,897 33,476,688 35,151,728 36,991,981

Notes

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  1. ^ Dates for when the province or territory entered the Canadian Confederation.
  2. ^ a b Extracted from Northwest Territories enumeration.
  3. ^ Assiniboine and Red River, 1840
  4. ^ Assiniboine and Red River, 1849
  5. ^ a b c Included in count for Northwest Territories
  6. ^ 1840
  7. ^ 1845
  8. ^ 1857: 122,638 in Newfoundland; 1,650 in Labrador
  9. ^ 1869: 144,286 in Newfoundland; 2,150 in Labrador
  10. ^ 1884: 193,124 in Newfoundland; 4,211 in Labrador
  11. ^ 197,934 in Newfoundland; 4,106 in Labrador
  12. ^ 217,037 in Newfoundland; 3,947 in Labrador
  13. ^ 238,670 in Newfoundland; 2,949 in Labrador
  14. ^ 259,259 in Newfoundland; 3,774 in Labrador
  15. ^ 1935: 284,872 in Newfoundland; 4,716 in Labrador
  16. ^ 1838
  17. ^ Upper Canada
  18. ^ 1849
  19. ^ Lower Canada
  20. ^ 1945: 316,294 in Newfoundland; 5,525 in Labrador

References

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  1. ^ Basavarajappa, K.G.; Ram, Bali (1983). "Section A: Population and Migration" (PDF). Historical Statistics of Canada (2nd ed.). Ottawa, Ontario: Statistics Canada. Retrieved February 13, 2022.
  2. ^ Census of Newfoundland and Labrador, 1945. Vol. 1. Ottawa, Ontario: Dominion Bureau of Statistics. 1945. Retrieved February 13, 2022.
  3. ^ Seventh Census of Canada, 1931 (PDF). Vol. 1. Ottawa, Canada: Dominion Bureau of Statistics. 1931. Retrieved February 13, 2022.
  4. ^ Guimond, Eric; Kerr, Don; Beaujot, Roderic (2003). Charting the Growth of Canada’s Aboriginal Populations: Problems, Options and Implications (Technical report). PSC Discussion Papers. Vol. 17. 5. Retrieved February 13, 2022.


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