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| Hanriot 1910 monoplane | |
|---|---|
| |
| Airworthy replica at the Old Rhinebeck Aerodrome collection. | |
| Role | sports aircraft |
| National origin | France |
| Manufacturer | Hanriot |
| First flight | 1910 |
The Hanriot 1910 monoplanes were a series of closely related early French aircraft.
Design
edit
The Hanriot 1910 monoplanes differed considerably from its predecessor, most visibly in having stressed-skin fuselages constructed using wooden planking laid over an internal structure of formers and stringers, a method of construction for which Eugene Ruchonnet, who joined Hanriot in the autumn of 1909, was probably responsible. Ruchonnet was later to build one of the first aircraft with a monocoque fuselage.[1] The wings were of two-spar construction; the rear spar, which was braced by a kingpost at mid-span, being hinged at the wing root to facilitate the wing-warping used for lateral control.
Tail surfaces consisted of an elongated triangular tailplane which was unframed, beig held in shape by a single transverse member enclosed in a pocket and a trailing edge spar to which the split elevator was hinged, and trialgular fins above and below the fuselage bearing the rudder, which, like the tailplane, was single-surfaced. The aircraft was controlled by a pair of levers, that on the left being moved sideways to control the wing-warping and the one on the right controlling the elevator. The rudder was controlled by pedals.[2]
The main undercarriage consisted of a pair of skids which carried a pair of independently sprung wheels mounted on a steel cross tube, the skids being carried on three pairs of struts which converged inwards, the aft pair being continued above the fuselage to form an inverted V cabane. Tail surfaces consisted of a tailplane and elevator (aircraft) mounted on top of the fuselage and a fixed fin mounted under the fuselage with the attached rudder underneath the horizontal tail surfaces.
Two examples were shown at the Brussells Aero Salon in 1910. On the larger the upper wing-warping and control wires were attached to a pair of kingposts.
Both these aircraft had square-ended wings. The smaller was powered by a 15 kW (20 hp) Darraq and the larger by a 30 kW (40 hp) Gregoire-Gyp.[3] Later aircraft had rounded wingtips.
Service history
editUsed by the Hanriot fliying schools, the first of which was based at Betheny near Reims: later a second school was established in England at Brooklands.
Flown in various competions
An example powered by a 100 Clerget machine was entered for the French military aircraft trials in 1911[4][5] doubled wheels, also a second machine described as the small hanriot.
Specifications
editData from [6]
General characteristics
- Crew: 1
- Length: 7.92 m (26 ft 0 in)
- Wingspan: 9.14 m (30 ft 0 in)
- Wing area: 17.1 m2 (184 sq ft)
- Empty weight: 400 kg (882 lb)
- Powerplant: 1 × E.N.V. Water cooled V-8 piston engine, 30 kW (40 hp)
- Propellers: 2-bladed, 2.08 m (6 ft 10 in) diameter
Notes
edit- ^ Opdycke 1990, p.221.
- ^ The Hanriot MonoplaneFlight 3 December 1910, p.989
- ^ Munson 1969, p.145.
- ^ http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1911/1911%20-%200895.html
- ^ http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1911/1911%20-%200905.html
- ^ The Hanriot MonoplaneFlight, 3 December 1910
References
edit- Opdycke, Leonard E., French Aeroplanes before the Great War. Atglen, PA: Schiffer, 1999.
- Munson, Kenneth, Pioneer Aircraft 1903-1914. London: Blandford, 1969.