Richard P. Stanley | |
---|---|
Born | New York City, New York | June 23, 1944
Alma mater | California Institute of Technology Harvard University |
Awards | Leroy P. Steele Prize (2001) Schock Prize (2003) |
Scientific career | |
Fields | Mathematics |
Institutions | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
Doctoral advisor | Gian-Carlo Rota |
Notes | |
Stanley, Richard (2017). "Curriculum Vitae". Retrieved June 29, 2017. |
Direction | Country of origin | Swimmer | Year | Time | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
England to France | United Kingdom | Matthew Webb | 1875 | 21:45 | First ever crossing; swam from England to France on 25 August 1875.[1] |
England to France | United Kingdom | Bill Burgess | 1911 | Second crossing from England to France on 6 September 1911.[2] | |
England to France | United States | Henry Sullivan | 1923 | 26:50 | Third crossing from England to France; first American to swim across the English Channel.[1] |
France to England | Italy Argentina |
Enrique Tirabocchi | 1923 | 16:33 | First crossing from France to England.[1] |
France to England | United States | Gertrude Ederle | 1926 | 14:39 | First woman to cross in either direction.[1][3][4] |
France to England | United Kingdom | Mercedes Gleitze | 1927 | 15:15 | First British woman to cross the English Channel.[5] |
France to England | South Africa | Margaret ('Peggy') Duncan | 1930 | 16:17 | First known person from Southern Africa to swim the English Channel.[6] |
France to England | United Kingdom | Edward H. Temme | 1934 | 15:34 | First man to swim the English Channel in both directions. He swam from France to England in August 1927 and from England to France on 18 August 1934.[1][7] |
England to France | United States | Florence Chadwick | 1953 | 14:42 | First woman to swim the English Channel in both directions (on separate occasions).[1] |
France to England | Canada | Winnie Leuszler | 1951 | 13:25 | First Canadian to swim the English Channel.[8][9] |
England to France | Mexico | Damian Pizá Beltran | 1953 | 15:23 | First Mexican to swim the English Channel. |
France to England | Bangladesh | Brojen Das | 1958 | First Asian (from Bikrampur, East Pakistan; now Bangladesh) to swim the English Channel, at the English Channel Swimming Competition in 1958. Das became a Bangladeshi citizen after the Bangladesh Liberation War in 1971. | |
England to France | India | Mihir Sen | 1958 | First Indian to swim the English Channel.[10] | |
France to England | Brazil | Abilio Couto | 1958 | 12:45 | First South American to swim the English Channel. |
France to England | Southern Rhodesia | Dennis Pearson | 1959 | 15:36 | The second known person, and first man, from Southern Africa to swim the Channel. Pearson, from Salisbury, Southern Rhodesia, swam across on Bastille Day, 14 July 1959.[6][11] |
France to England | India | Arati Saha | 1959 | 14:20 | First Indian woman and first Asian woman to swim the English Channel. |
France to England | Macedonia | Niko Nestor | 1959 | 12:06 | First Macedonian to swim the English Channel.[12] |
England to France to England | Argentina | Antonio Abertondo | 1961 | 43:10 | First person to swim the channel both ways non-stop. |
England to France | South Africa | Peter Bales | 1969 | 13:38 | Second person, and first man, from South Africa to swim the English Channel. He was the third person from Southern Africa to complete the swim.[6][13] |
France to England | Macedonia | Atina Bojadži | 1969 | 13:20 | First Macedonian woman to swim the English Channel.[14] |
France to England | Czechoslovakia | František Venclovský | 1971 | 15:26 | First Czech (Czechoslovak at that time) to swim the channel. |
England to France | Poland | Teresa Zarzeczańska | 1975 | 11:10 | First Polish woman to swim the English Channel. |
England to France | Poland | Romuald Szopa | 1978 | 12:49 | First Polish man to swim the English Channel. |
England to France | United Kingdom | Mary Yeats | 1979 | 11:19 | First Scottish woman to swim the English Channel. |
England to France | United States | Charles Chapman | 1981 | 12:30 | First black swimmer to cross the Channel. |
England to France to England to France | United States | Jon Erikson | 1981 | 38:27 | First person to swim the channel three ways. |
England to France | Tunisia | Nejib Belhedi | 1993 | 16:35 | First Tunisian to swim the channel, namesake of a trophy for swimming the channel at the highest tide.[15] |
England to France | Australia | John Maclean | 1998 | 12:55 | First paraplegic to swim the Channel.[16] |
England to France | Barbados | Chris Gibbs | 2003 | 11:30 | First person from a Caribbean country to swim the English Channel. Aged 58, and member of The Merrymen Calypso band.[17] |
England to France | Malaysia | Abdul Malik Mydin | 2003 | 17:42 | First Malaysian swimmer to cross the English Channel. |
England to France | Singapore | Thum Ping Tjin | 2005 | 12:24 | First Singaporean to swim the Channel.[18] |
England to France | Bulgaria | Petar Stoychev | 2007 | 6:57 | First swimmer to cross the English Channel under 7 hours. |
England to France | France | Philippe Croizon | 2010 | 13:28 | First quadruple amputee to swim the English Channel. |
England to France | Iceland | Sigrún Þuríður Geirsdóttir | 2015 | 22:34 | First woman from Iceland to swim the English Channel. |
France to England | Norway | Amandine Toso | 2017 | 26:03 | First woman from Norway to swim the English Channel.[19] |
England to France | Ecuador | Sara Palacios | 2018 | 12:58 | First Ecuadorian citizen and South American Woman to swim the channel. |
England to France | Syria | Zeina Alsharkas | 2019 | 11:36 | First Syrian woman.[20] |
England to France | Chile | Bárbara Hernández | 2019 | 12:13 | First Chilean woman to swim the English Channel.[21] |
England to France to England to France to England | United States | Sarah Thomas | 2019 | 54:10 | First person to swim the channel four ways non-stop.[22] |
- ^ a b c d e f Cite error: The named reference
suc
was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Staff. "The Channel Swim: Burgess's Perseverance Rewarded After Fifteen failures", Poverty Bay Herald, Volume XXXVIII, Issue 12581, 11 October 1911, Page 8. Accessed 5 August 2010.
- ^ Severo, Richard (1 December 2003). "Gertrude Ederle, the First Woman to Swim Across the English Channel, Dies at 98". The New York Times. Retrieved 11 August 2009.
Gertrude Ederle, who was called America's best girl by President Calvin Coolidge in 1926 after she became the first woman to swim across the English Channel, died yesterday at a nursing home in Wyckoff, N.J. She was 98.
- ^ She did it in 14 hours 39 minutes, breaking the men's record of the time by two hours. However, this swim attracted some controversy. On 16 August, The Westminster Gazette reported locals as saying that "Miss Ederle swam under the lea of one of the accompanying tugs" while another boat "navigated in such a manner as to keep the heavy seas and tides off her" and that "Miss Ederle was drawn along by the suction of the tug so that she was able to swim at about twice the speed she would have been able to swim under ordinary conditions." The Dover Express and East Kent News commented that "So far little information has been given of the detail of Miss Ederle's swim. The most extraordinary thing about it being that she made no westward drift with the ebb tide, which on the day in question ran westward for nearly seven hours."
- ^ The Vindication Swim: Mercedes Gleitze and Rolex take the plunge and become world-renowned, John E Brozak, International Wristwatch Magazine, December 2003, Retrieved 24 September 2015
- ^ a b c "English Channel". The History of Aquatic Sports in Southern Africa. Retrieved 15 April 2022.
- ^ "People of Note". Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 10 August 2010.
Edward Temme, a London insurance clerk, was the first man to swim across the Channel both ways, from France to England in August 1927 and from England to France on 18 August 1934.
- ^ Bryan Finlay. "A Pioneering Canadian Marathon Swimmer". Soloswims.com. Retrieved 2017-06-22.
- ^ http://www.soloswims.com/can-chan.htm
- ^ Bose, Anjali, Samsad Bangali Chariutabhidhan, Vol II, (in Bengali) p. 268, Sishu Sahitya Samsad Pvt. Ltd., ISBN 81-86806-99-7
- ^ Channel Swimming Dover: Channel swimmer, Dennis Pearson. https://www.channelswimmingdover.org.uk/content/photo/channel-swimmer-dennis-pearson
- ^ "Niko Nestor, 1st Macedonian to Swim Across The English Channel dies aged 81". Channel Swimming Association. Retrieved 2018-04-15.
- ^ Openwaterpedia: Peter Bales. https://openwaterpedia.com/wiki/Peter_Bales
- ^ "Macedonian swimming great Bojadzi dies at 66". USA Today. Retrieved 2018-04-15.
- ^ "Nejib BelHedi - Solo Channel Swimmer". Retrieved 13 September 2015.
- ^ "Briefs". The Age. 1 September 1998. p. 7.
- ^ "United through swimming- Chris Gibbs swims the channel". United Caribbean Trust. 21 August 2003. Retrieved 13 November 2018.
- ^ "Singapore Cross-English Channel Charity Swim". channel.thum.org. Retrieved 2021-02-25.
- ^ "SSuccessful English Channel Swims / 2017".
- ^ "Syrian lecturer successfully completes English Channel swim | University of Essex". www.essex.ac.uk. Retrieved 2019-08-16.
- ^ "Bárbara Hernández conquista el Canal de la Mancha". La Tercera. Retrieved 17 December 2019.
- ^ "Sarah Thomas: Woman First to Swim Channel Four Times Non-stop". BBC. Retrieved 17 September 2019.