Sweden
editStockholm - Humid continental (Dfa/Dfb)
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Climate data for Stockholm (Observatorielunden) | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 7.0 (44.6) |
8.2 (46.8) |
15.8 (60.4) |
26.1 (79.0) |
30.0 (86.0) |
35.7 (96.3) |
37.8 (100.0) |
38.4 (101.1) |
28.9 (84.0) |
20.2 (68.4) |
13.1 (55.6) |
8.7 (47.7) |
38.4 (101.1) |
Mean maximum °C (°F) | 0.6 (33.1) |
1.1 (34.0) |
8.0 (46.4) |
18.8 (65.8) |
25.3 (77.5) |
30.5 (86.9) |
32.7 (90.9) |
31.2 (88.2) |
23.4 (74.1) |
15.8 (60.4) |
6.7 (44.1) |
2.5 (36.5) |
33.6 (92.5) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −7.0 (19.4) |
−6.8 (19.8) |
−1.3 (29.7) |
8.7 (47.7) |
17.5 (63.5) |
23.8 (74.8) |
26.6 (79.9) |
25.1 (77.2) |
17.6 (63.7) |
8.1 (46.6) |
−0.6 (30.9) |
−5.5 (22.1) |
8.9 (47.9) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −9.0 (15.8) |
−9.0 (15.8) |
−4.4 (24.1) |
4.3 (39.7) |
12.4 (54.3) |
18.7 (65.7) |
21.7 (71.1) |
20.7 (69.3) |
14.1 (57.4) |
5.7 (42.3) |
−2.4 (27.7) |
−7.4 (18.7) |
5.4 (41.8) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −10.9 (12.4) |
−11.2 (11.8) |
−7.1 (19.2) |
0.6 (33.1) |
8.1 (46.6) |
14.6 (58.3) |
17.8 (64.0) |
17.2 (63.0) |
11.2 (52.2) |
3.5 (38.3) |
−4.1 (24.6) |
−9.2 (15.4) |
2.5 (36.6) |
Mean minimum °C (°F) | −19.2 (−2.6) |
−18.9 (−2.0) |
−13.5 (7.7) |
−4.6 (23.7) |
2.9 (37.2) |
10.0 (50.0) |
13.6 (56.5) |
12.7 (54.9) |
5.6 (42.1) |
−2.8 (27.0) |
−10.5 (13.1) |
−16.3 (2.7) |
−21.7 (−7.1) |
Record low °C (°F) | −38.0 (−36.4) |
−34.4 (−29.9) |
−28.5 (−19.3) |
−16.4 (2.5) |
−5.5 (22.1) |
3.0 (37.4) |
7.3 (45.1) |
4.2 (39.6) |
−0.6 (30.9) |
−11.0 (12.2) |
−24.0 (−11.2) |
−30.5 (−22.9) |
−38.0 (−36.4) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 37.0 (1.46) |
29.4 (1.16) |
27.3 (1.07) |
29.2 (1.15) |
34.0 (1.34) |
61.7 (2.43) |
61.5 (2.42) |
66.2 (2.61) |
53.3 (2.10) |
51.4 (2.02) |
47.6 (1.87) |
47.8 (1.88) |
546.4 (21.51) |
Average snowfall cm (inches) | 43.3 (17.0) |
34.6 (13.6) |
22.1 (8.7) |
7.9 (3.1) |
0.4 (0.2) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
4.8 (1.9) |
33.3 (13.1) |
53.9 (21.2) |
200.3 (78.8) |
Average extreme snow depth cm (inches) | 56.9 (22.4) |
73.6 (29.0) |
81.1 (31.9) |
60.6 (23.9) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
2 (0.8) |
19.1 (7.5) |
38.8 (15.3) |
84.0 (33.1) |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 53 | 90 | 181 | 260 | 334 | 332 | 335 | 282 | 204 | 115 | 54 | 40 | 2,280 |
Source 1: SMHI Open Data [2] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: SMHI 1991-2020 normals [3] |
Gothenburg - Humid continental (Dfb), previously Oceanic (Cfb)
editGothenburg | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Climate data for Gothenburg (1991–2020) | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 6.8 (44.2) |
8.6 (47.5) |
16.9 (62.4) |
28.5 (83.3) |
32.3 (90.1) |
35.0 (95.0) |
37.1 (98.8) |
36.5 (97.7) |
30.8 (87.4) |
21.3 (70.3) |
13.7 (56.7) |
8.7 (47.7) |
37.1 (98.8) |
Mean maximum °C (°F) | 1.8 (35.2) |
2.1 (35.8) |
8.9 (48.0) |
20.8 (69.4) |
26.4 (79.5) |
30.6 (87.1) |
32.2 (90.0) |
31.4 (88.5) |
24.3 (75.7) |
17.2 (63.0) |
8.1 (46.6) |
3.8 (38.8) |
33.3 (91.9) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −5.0 (23.0) |
−4.8 (23.4) |
0.4 (32.7) |
10.1 (50.2) |
18.0 (64.4) |
23.1 (73.6) |
25.5 (77.9) |
24.9 (76.8) |
18.7 (65.7) |
10.0 (50.0) |
1.4 (34.5) |
−3.8 (25.2) |
9.9 (49.8) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −7.2 (19.0) |
−7.3 (18.9) |
−3.0 (26.6) |
5.7 (42.3) |
13.4 (56.1) |
18.7 (65.7) |
21.3 (70.3) |
20.7 (69.3) |
15.0 (59.0) |
7.0 (44.6) |
−0.9 (30.4) |
−5.9 (21.4) |
6.5 (43.6) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −9.5 (14.9) |
−9.6 (14.7) |
−6.1 (21.0) |
1.6 (34.9) |
9.1 (48.4) |
15.0 (59.0) |
17.5 (63.5) |
17.1 (62.8) |
11.6 (52.9) |
4.3 (39.7) |
−3.0 (26.6) |
−8.2 (17.2) |
3.3 (38.0) |
Mean minimum °C (°F) | −19.0 (−2.2) |
−17.9 (−0.2) |
−13.3 (8.1) |
−4.7 (23.5) |
3.1 (37.6) |
10.2 (50.4) |
13.1 (55.6) |
11.7 (53.1) |
4.7 (40.5) |
−3.6 (25.5) |
−11.0 (12.2) |
−17.5 (0.5) |
−21.2 (−6.2) |
Record low °C (°F) | −34.0 (−29.2) |
−30.8 (−23.4) |
−25.2 (−13.4) |
−13.0 (8.6) |
−3.3 (26.1) |
4.8 (40.6) |
8.3 (46.9) |
6.5 (43.7) |
−1.5 (29.3) |
−10.5 (13.1) |
−19.5 (−3.1) |
−29.9 (−21.8) |
−34.0 (−29.2) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 83.0 (3.27) |
61.0 (2.40) |
54.0 (2.13) |
51.3 (2.02) |
27.2 (1.07) |
36.9 (1.45) |
40.7 (1.60) |
46.4 (1.83) |
40.0 (1.57) |
102.9 (4.05) |
84.7 (3.33) |
93.1 (3.67) |
721.2 (28.39) |
Average snowfall cm (inches) | 108.4 (42.7) |
78.6 (30.9) |
37.5 (14.8) |
6.4 (2.5) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
2.6 (1.0) |
46.8 (18.4) |
120.1 (47.3) |
400.4 (157.6) |
Average extreme snow depth cm (inches) | 102 (40) |
129 (51) |
139 (55) |
68 (27) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
2 (0.8) |
21 (8.3) |
63 (25) |
143 (56) |
Source: SMHI Open Data[5] |
Malmö - Humid continental (Dfa/Dfb), previously Oceanic (Cfb)
editMalmö | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Climate data for Malmö, 1991–2018; extremes since 1901 | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 6.6 (43.9) |
10.1 (50.2) |
17.5 (63.5) |
26.2 (79.2) |
30.6 (87.1) |
37.0 (98.6) |
36.2 (97.2) |
36.6 (97.9) |
30.4 (86.7) |
22.8 (73.0) |
15.4 (59.7) |
7.9 (46.2) |
37.0 (98.6) |
Mean maximum °C (°F) | 2.0 (35.6) |
1.7 (35.1) |
9.8 (49.6) |
19.2 (66.6) |
25.6 (78.1) |
29.9 (85.8) |
32.2 (90.0) |
31.2 (88.2) |
24.7 (76.5) |
17.8 (64.0) |
8.5 (47.3) |
3.2 (37.8) |
32.9 (91.2) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −5.1 (22.8) |
−5.0 (23.0) |
0.7 (33.3) |
10.6 (51.1) |
18.6 (65.5) |
23.5 (74.3) |
26.2 (79.2) |
25.3 (77.5) |
19.6 (67.3) |
10.6 (51.1) |
2.0 (35.6) |
−3.2 (26.2) |
10.3 (50.6) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −7.2 (19.0) |
−7.2 (19.0) |
−2.6 (27.3) |
6.0 (42.8) |
13.7 (56.7) |
18.9 (66.0) |
21.5 (70.7) |
21.0 (69.8) |
15.7 (60.3) |
7.5 (45.5) |
−0.2 (31.6) |
−5.2 (22.6) |
6.8 (44.3) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −9.4 (15.1) |
−9.5 (14.9) |
−6.0 (21.2) |
1.4 (34.5) |
8.7 (47.7) |
14.2 (57.6) |
16.8 (62.2) |
16.7 (62.1) |
11.7 (53.1) |
4.4 (39.9) |
−2.4 (27.7) |
−7.3 (18.9) |
3.3 (37.9) |
Mean minimum °C (°F) | −19.1 (−2.4) |
−16.6 (2.1) |
−13.1 (8.4) |
−4.9 (23.2) |
2.0 (35.6) |
8.8 (47.8) |
12.4 (54.3) |
11.0 (51.8) |
4.3 (39.7) |
−4.1 (24.6) |
−10.4 (13.3) |
−15.7 (3.7) |
−21.4 (−6.5) |
Record low °C (°F) | −36.0 (−32.8) |
−31.1 (−24.0) |
−29.3 (−20.7) |
−14.1 (6.6) |
−3.5 (25.7) |
2.9 (37.2) |
5.5 (41.9) |
6.0 (42.8) |
−3.0 (26.6) |
−10.5 (13.1) |
−21.0 (−5.8) |
−30.2 (−22.4) |
−36.0 (−32.8) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 58.0 (2.28) |
39.7 (1.56) |
38.5 (1.52) |
30.0 (1.18) |
39.9 (1.57) |
67.3 (2.65) |
71.1 (2.80) |
86.3 (3.40) |
42.3 (1.67) |
66.7 (2.63) |
64.2 (2.53) |
69.4 (2.73) |
673.2 (26.50) |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 52.3 | 77.3 | 166.7 | 267.5 | 329.3 | 325.8 | 326.5 | 283.2 | 225.7 | 139.1 | 68.2 | 39.7 | 2,301.3 |
Source 1: SMHI Open Data[7] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: SMHI Average Data 2002–2018[8] |
Norway
editOslo - Humid continental (Dfb)
editOslo | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Climate chart (explanation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Climate data for Oslo 1991-2020 normals and extremes (94 m, Blindern, 7.8% missing sunshine data) | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 8.5 (47.3) |
9.8 (49.6) |
19.5 (67.1) |
25.4 (77.7) |
32.1 (89.8) |
36.7 (98.1) |
38.0 (100.4) |
36.6 (97.9) |
28.2 (82.8) |
21.0 (69.8) |
14.1 (57.4) |
8.6 (47.5) |
38.0 (100.4) |
Mean maximum °C (°F) | 1.4 (34.5) |
1.7 (35.1) |
7.1 (44.8) |
16.6 (61.9) |
25.6 (78.1) |
29.9 (85.8) |
31.5 (88.7) |
29.7 (85.5) |
22.9 (73.2) |
13.6 (56.5) |
4.6 (40.3) |
2.3 (36.1) |
32.6 (90.7) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −7.9 (17.8) |
−6.9 (19.6) |
−0.7 (30.7) |
9.0 (48.2) |
17.7 (63.9) |
23.4 (74.1) |
25.7 (78.3) |
24.3 (75.7) |
17.4 (63.3) |
7.6 (45.7) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
−7.2 (19.0) |
8.4 (47.1) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −10.3 (13.5) |
−9.9 (14.2) |
−4.7 (23.5) |
4.2 (39.6) |
12.4 (54.3) |
18.3 (64.9) |
20.6 (69.1) |
19.5 (67.1) |
13.1 (55.6) |
4.5 (40.1) |
−3.9 (25.0) |
−9.5 (14.9) |
4.5 (40.2) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −12.7 (9.1) |
−12.7 (9.1) |
−8.1 (17.4) |
0.1 (32.2) |
7.8 (46.0) |
13.8 (56.8) |
16.4 (61.5) |
15.5 (59.9) |
9.6 (49.3) |
1.8 (35.2) |
−6.0 (21.2) |
−11.9 (10.6) |
1.1 (34.0) |
Mean minimum °C (°F) | −21.8 (−7.2) |
−21.4 (−6.5) |
−15.3 (4.5) |
−5.5 (22.1) |
1.7 (35.1) |
9.0 (48.2) |
12.0 (53.6) |
10.2 (50.4) |
3.5 (38.3) |
−4.6 (23.7) |
−12.7 (9.1) |
−20.3 (−4.5) |
−24.1 (−11.4) |
Record low °C (°F) | −34.0 (−29.2) |
−32.9 (−27.2) |
−27.3 (−17.1) |
−16.9 (1.6) |
−2.4 (27.7) |
3.7 (38.7) |
6.7 (44.1) |
6.7 (44.1) |
−2.3 (27.9) |
−10.0 (14.0) |
−22.0 (−7.6) |
−28.8 (−19.8) |
−34.0 (−29.2) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 57.1 (2.25) |
44.9 (1.77) |
40.2 (1.58) |
47.2 (1.86) |
59.0 (2.32) |
78.7 (3.10) |
85.9 (3.38) |
101.8 (4.01) |
81.5 (3.21) |
91.7 (3.61) |
83.1 (3.27) |
53.2 (2.09) |
824.3 (32.45) |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 54.1 | 93.1 | 175.8 | 218.4 | 297.6 | 276.4 | 292.9 | 244.6 | 180.1 | 112.8 | 61.1 | 48.0 | 2,054.9 |
Source: Seklima [10] |
Bergen - Humid continental (Dfb), previously Oceanic (Cfb)
editBergen | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Climate chart (explanation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Climate data for Bergen – Florida (met.office); average temperatures and precipitation 1981–2010; | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 12.9 (55.2) |
9.5 (49.1) |
17.8 (64.0) |
25.5 (77.9) |
32.2 (90.0) |
33.3 (91.9) |
36.4 (97.5) |
34.0 (93.2) |
29.6 (85.3) |
23.8 (74.8) |
15.9 (60.6) |
9.9 (49.8) |
33.4 (92.1) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −3.7 (25.3) |
−3.5 (25.7) |
0.5 (32.9) |
8.4 (47.1) |
15.7 (60.3) |
20.3 (68.5) |
22.1 (71.8) |
21.6 (70.9) |
16.4 (61.5) |
9.4 (48.9) |
1.3 (34.3) |
−3.2 (26.2) |
8.8 (47.8) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −5.8 (21.6) |
−5.8 (21.6) |
−2.2 (28.0) |
5.0 (41.0) |
11.9 (53.4) |
16.6 (61.9) |
18.6 (65.5) |
18.4 (65.1) |
13.4 (56.1) |
6.8 (44.2) |
−0.9 (30.4) |
−5.3 (22.5) |
5.9 (42.6) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −7.9 (17.8) |
−8.2 (17.2) |
−4.9 (23.2) |
1.6 (34.9) |
8.0 (46.4) |
12.9 (55.2) |
15.2 (59.4) |
15.1 (59.2) |
10.4 (50.7) |
4.2 (39.6) |
−3.2 (26.2) |
−7.4 (18.7) |
3.0 (37.4) |
Record low °C (°F) | −24.3 (−11.7) |
−21.4 (−6.5) |
−18.0 (−0.4) |
−7.5 (18.5) |
−2.2 (28.0) |
3.8 (38.8) |
5.5 (41.9) |
5.5 (41.9) |
0.9 (33.6) |
−7.5 (18.5) |
−16.0 (3.2) |
−21.0 (−5.8) |
−24.3 (−11.7) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 252.7 (9.95) |
197.8 (7.79) |
200.3 (7.89) |
133.7 (5.26) |
52.3 (2.06) |
59.7 (2.35) |
75.6 (2.98) |
99.2 (3.91) |
127.5 (5.02) |
270.8 (10.66) |
261.4 (10.29) |
267.8 (10.54) |
1,998.8 (78.7) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 19.1 | 16.4 | 17.4 | 14.0 | 6.4 | 6.4 | 7.3 | 8.0 | 8.5 | 19.1 | 18.1 | 18.5 | 159.2 |
Average relative humidity (%) | 78 | 76 | 73 | 72 | 72 | 76 | 77 | 78 | 79 | 79 | 78 | 79 | 76 |
Source: Meteoclimat (temperatures)[12] |
Hamar - Humid continental (Dfb)
editHamar | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Climate data for Hamar 1991-2020 (141 m, extremes 2008-2022, precipitation days 1961-90) | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 4.5 (40.1) |
5.5 (41.9) |
17.1 (62.8) |
23.8 (74.8) |
31.0 (87.8) |
33.8 (92.8) |
33.0 (91.4) |
32.2 (90.0) |
24.8 (76.6) |
19.2 (66.6) |
13.9 (57.0) |
6.9 (44.4) |
33.8 (92.8) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −11 (12) |
−9 (16) |
−3 (27) |
6 (43) |
16 (61) |
22 (72) |
24 (75) |
22 (72) |
15 (59) |
6 (43) |
−4 (25) |
−10 (14) |
6 (43) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −14 (7) |
−13 (9) |
−7 (19) |
2 (36) |
11 (52) |
17 (63) |
20 (68) |
19 (66) |
12 (54) |
3 (37) |
−7 (19) |
−13 (9) |
3 (37) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −17 (1) |
−17 (1) |
−11 (12) |
−3 (27) |
6 (43) |
12 (54) |
15 (59) |
13 (55) |
7 (45) |
0 (32) |
−10 (14) |
−16 (3) |
−2 (29) |
Record low °C (°F) | −35.7 (−32.3) |
−37.5 (−35.5) |
−28.4 (−19.1) |
−17.4 (0.7) |
−1.5 (29.3) |
4.1 (39.4) |
7.4 (45.3) |
6.0 (42.8) |
−1.9 (28.6) |
−14.5 (5.9) |
−26.7 (−16.1) |
−37.8 (−36.0) |
−37.8 (−36.0) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 21.6 (0.85) |
15.0 (0.59) |
15.5 (0.61) |
27.6 (1.09) |
55.6 (2.19) |
55.0 (2.17) |
67.8 (2.67) |
71.7 (2.82) |
55.5 (2.19) |
48.6 (1.91) |
40.7 (1.60) |
25.5 (1.00) |
500.1 (19.69) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 8 | 6 | 7 | 6 | 8 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 101 |
Source 1: eklima.no (mean, precipitaiton, extremes) [14] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: weatherspark.com (avg high/low temperatures) [15] |
Trondheim - Humid continental (Dfb)
editTrondheim | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Climate chart (explanation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Climate data for Trondheim 1981–2010 (Voll, 127 m, extremes 1870–present includes earlier stations, sunhrs 2016–2020 Gløshaugen/met.no) | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 9.7 (49.5) |
9.8 (49.6) |
13.7 (56.7) |
23.3 (73.9) |
28.9 (84.0) |
37.3 (99.1) |
38.0 (100.4) |
34.3 (93.7) |
28.9 (84.0) |
22.1 (71.8) |
14.1 (57.4) |
9.2 (48.6) |
38.0 (100.4) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −6.1 (21.0) |
−6.0 (21.2) |
−1.4 (29.5) |
7.3 (45.1) |
14.8 (58.6) |
20.1 (68.2) |
22.9 (73.2) |
22.1 (71.8) |
16.0 (60.8) |
7.3 (45.1) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
−5.8 (21.6) |
7.5 (45.5) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −9.1 (15.6) |
−9.1 (15.6) |
−5.0 (23.0) |
3.1 (37.6) |
10.2 (50.4) |
15.6 (60.1) |
18.2 (64.8) |
17.6 (63.7) |
12.0 (53.6) |
3.8 (38.8) |
−4.3 (24.3) |
−8.7 (16.3) |
3.7 (38.7) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −12.1 (10.2) |
−12.1 (10.2) |
−8.2 (17.2) |
−0.6 (30.9) |
6.3 (43.3) |
11.9 (53.4) |
14.4 (57.9) |
14.0 (57.2) |
8.8 (47.8) |
0.9 (33.6) |
−7.0 (19.4) |
−12.1 (10.2) |
0.4 (32.6) |
Record low °C (°F) | −33.6 (−28.5) |
−34.0 (−29.2) |
−29.0 (−20.2) |
−17.3 (0.9) |
−8.6 (16.5) |
2.2 (36.0) |
3.6 (38.5) |
2.7 (36.9) |
−3.9 (25.0) |
−14.6 (5.7) |
−25.0 (−13.0) |
−32.0 (−25.6) |
−34.0 (−29.2) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 64.6 (2.54) |
63.9 (2.52) |
61.3 (2.41) |
42.9 (1.69) |
52.7 (2.07) |
76.1 (3.00) |
74.4 (2.93) |
82.8 (3.26) |
88.9 (3.50) |
77 (3.0) |
64.4 (2.54) |
75 (3.0) |
824 (32.46) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 13 | 12 | 13 | 12 | 10 | 13 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 14 | 12 | 13 | 147 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 41 | 85 | 149 | 246 | 283 | 281 | 275 | 200 | 156 | 139 | 55 | 19 | 1,929 |
Source 1: eklima.met.no[17] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: Meteo-climat[18] |
Tromsø | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Climate data for Tromsø 1991 - 2020 (100 m, extremes 1920-2022) | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 4.4 (39.9) |
4.2 (39.6) |
7.7 (45.9) |
17.0 (62.6) |
27.6 (81.7) |
32.9 (91.2) |
33.2 (91.8) |
31.4 (88.5) |
24.4 (75.9) |
18.6 (65.5) |
9.9 (49.8) |
5.7 (42.3) |
33.2 (91.8) |
Mean maximum °C (°F) | 0.8 (33.4) |
0.3 (32.5) |
2.7 (36.9) |
8.7 (47.7) |
18.7 (65.7) |
24.7 (76.5) |
27.6 (81.7) |
25.9 (78.6) |
18.6 (65.5) |
9.8 (49.6) |
5.0 (41.0) |
1.5 (34.7) |
28.3 (82.9) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −9.0 (15.8) |
−9.2 (15.4) |
−5.4 (22.3) |
2.1 (35.8) |
9.8 (49.6) |
16.0 (60.8) |
19.3 (66.7) |
18.0 (64.4) |
11.9 (53.4) |
3.2 (37.8) |
−3.9 (25.0) |
−7.7 (18.1) |
3.8 (38.8) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −11.0 (12.2) |
−11.3 (11.7) |
−7.9 (17.8) |
−0.8 (30.6) |
6.5 (43.7) |
12.4 (54.3) |
15.3 (59.5) |
14.3 (57.7) |
8.8 (47.8) |
1.1 (34.0) |
−5.8 (21.6) |
−9.7 (14.5) |
1.0 (33.8) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −13.3 (8.1) |
−13.6 (7.5) |
−10.4 (13.3) |
−3.6 (25.5) |
3.4 (38.1) |
9.2 (48.6) |
12.0 (53.6) |
11.3 (52.3) |
6.3 (43.3) |
−1.1 (30.0) |
−7.9 (17.8) |
−11.9 (10.6) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
Mean minimum °C (°F) | −20.1 (−4.2) |
−20.7 (−5.3) |
−16.6 (2.1) |
−10.0 (14.0) |
−1.4 (29.5) |
4.7 (40.5) |
8.2 (46.8) |
6.4 (43.5) |
1.0 (33.8) |
−7.1 (19.2) |
−14.0 (6.8) |
−17.9 (−0.2) |
−22.2 (−8.0) |
Record low °C (°F) | −26.3 (−15.3) |
−26.4 (−15.5) |
−23.0 (−9.4) |
−16.3 (2.7) |
−5.6 (21.9) |
0.5 (32.9) |
3.7 (38.7) |
4.1 (39.4) |
−3.3 (26.1) |
−11.6 (11.1) |
−20.2 (−4.4) |
−24.8 (−12.6) |
−26.4 (−15.5) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 108.3 (4.26) |
96.7 (3.81) |
96.7 (3.81) |
71.1 (2.80) |
56.5 (2.22) |
58 (2.3) |
72.5 (2.85) |
88 (3.5) |
111.3 (4.38) |
127.4 (5.02) |
94.4 (3.72) |
109.7 (4.32) |
1,090.6 (42.99) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) | 15.4 | 12.9 | 11.4 | 11.6 | 11.1 | 10.3 | 12.8 | 12.6 | 14.9 | 17.7 | 13.5 | 15.6 | 160.1 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 4 | 43 | 133 | 205 | 258 | 287 | 271 | 197 | 115 | 66 | 10 | 0 | 1,589 |
Average ultraviolet index | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Source 1: Met Norway,[20][21] The Weather Network,[22] Meteostat.net[23] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: Weather Atlas[24] (UV index) |
Denmark
editCopenhagen - Humid continental (Dfb), previously Oceanic (Cfb)
editCopenhagen | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Climate chart (explanation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Climate data for Copenhagen, Denmark (1981–2010 normals, extremes 1768–present) | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 7.2 (45.0) |
11.8 (53.2) |
18.8 (65.8) |
28.0 (82.4) |
33.4 (92.1) |
37.8 (100.0) |
38.6 (101.5) |
37.8 (100.0) |
33.4 (92.1) |
24.4 (75.9) |
15.2 (59.4) |
8.1 (46.6) |
36.8 (98.2) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −4.6 (23.7) |
−4.4 (24.1) |
0.5 (32.9) |
9.8 (49.6) |
17.7 (63.9) |
22.6 (72.7) |
25.2 (77.4) |
24.8 (76.6) |
18.5 (65.3) |
10.6 (51.1) |
1.6 (34.9) |
−3.6 (25.5) |
9.9 (49.8) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −6.6 (20.1) |
−6.6 (20.1) |
−2.5 (27.5) |
5.7 (42.3) |
13.5 (56.3) |
18.6 (65.5) |
21.1 (70.0) |
20.7 (69.3) |
14.9 (58.8) |
7.8 (46.0) |
−0.5 (31.1) |
−5.5 (22.1) |
6.7 (44.1) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −8.7 (16.3) |
−8.8 (16.2) |
−5.3 (22.5) |
2.2 (36.0) |
9.6 (49.3) |
14.9 (58.8) |
17.3 (63.1) |
17.1 (62.8) |
11.8 (53.2) |
5.1 (41.2) |
−2.7 (27.1) |
−7.5 (18.5) |
3.7 (38.8) |
Record low °C (°F) | −35.6 (−32.1) |
−33.5 (−28.3) |
−27.0 (−16.6) |
−18.5 (−1.3) |
−5.6 (21.9) |
3.4 (38.1) |
3.1 (37.6) |
3.0 (37.4) |
−1.5 (29.3) |
−10.8 (12.6) |
−24.4 (−11.9) |
−30.9 (−23.6) |
−35.6 (−32.1) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 53.0 (2.09) |
36.9 (1.45) |
42.3 (1.67) |
35.8 (1.41) |
47.2 (1.86) |
63.9 (2.52) |
60.9 (2.40) |
67.5 (2.66) |
61.0 (2.40) |
63.3 (2.49) |
56.4 (2.22) |
57.4 (2.26) |
645.7 (25.42) |
Average extreme snow depth cm (inches) | 39.6 (15.6) |
54.7 (21.5) |
59.1 (23.3) |
22.0 (8.7) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
5.8 (2.3) |
24.3 (9.6) |
62.0 (24.4) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 14.9 | 11.4 | 13.5 | 11.5 | 10.8 | 12.0 | 12.4 | 12.0 | 13.6 | 14.5 | 15.4 | 15.4 | 157.4 |
Average snowy days | 14.0 | 10.4 | 10.6 | 3.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 9.4 | 14.4 | 62.6 |
Average relative humidity (%) | 86 | 84 | 82 | 76 | 72 | 72 | 73 | 75 | 78 | 83 | 84 | 85 | 79 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 61.8 | 81.7 | 143.6 | 217.1 | 276.2 | 256.0 | 273.7 | 238.7 | 170.3 | 121.1 | 66.4 | 48.7 | 1,955.3 |
Average ultraviolet index | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
Source: DMI (precipitation days and snowy days 1971–2000, humidity 1961–1990),[26][27][28] Meteo Climat (record highs and lows)[29] and Weather Atlas[30] |
Aarhus - Humid continental (Dfa/Dfb), previously Oceanic (Cfb)
editAarhus | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Climate data for East Jutland (1961–1990) | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −3.6 (25.5) |
−3.5 (25.7) |
2.3 (36.1) |
10.5 (50.9) |
19.7 (67.5) |
23.2 (73.8) |
26.4 (79.5) |
26.1 (79.0) |
20.0 (68.0) |
10.3 (50.5) |
3.7 (38.7) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
11.1 (52.0) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −6.0 (21.2) |
−6.1 (21.0) |
−1.4 (29.5) |
6.1 (43.0) |
14.8 (58.6) |
19.0 (66.2) |
21.5 (70.7) |
21.2 (70.2) |
15.8 (60.4) |
7.6 (45.7) |
0.7 (33.3) |
−4.2 (24.4) |
7.4 (45.3) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −8.5 (16.7) |
−8.7 (16.3) |
−5.2 (22.6) |
1.7 (35.1) |
9.9 (49.8) |
14.8 (58.6) |
16.5 (61.7) |
16.3 (61.3) |
11.5 (52.7) |
4.9 (40.8) |
−2.3 (27.9) |
−6.9 (19.6) |
3.7 (38.6) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 60 (2.4) |
41 (1.6) |
48 (1.9) |
42 (1.7) |
50 (2.0) |
55 (2.2) |
67 (2.6) |
65 (2.6) |
72 (2.8) |
77 (3.0) |
80 (3.1) |
68 (2.7) |
722 (28.4) |
Average rainy days (≥ 1mm) | 11 | 8 | 7 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 13 | 12 | 120 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 49 | 90 | 169 | 248 | 305 | 301 | 292 | 287 | 198 | 121 | 78 | 54 | 2,192 |
Source: "Danish Meteorological Institute". |
Esbjerg - Humid continental (Dfb), previously Oceanic (Cfb)
editEsbjerg | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Climate chart (explanation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Climate data for Esbjerg (Sædenstrand) 1961–1990 | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 5.2 (41.4) |
6.9 (44.4) |
15.3 (59.5) |
23.4 (74.1) |
30.1 (86.2) |
35.3 (95.5) |
35.8 (96.4) |
38.2 (100.8) |
30.8 (87.4) |
22.0 (71.6) |
11.8 (53.2) |
6.4 (43.5) |
38.2 (100.8) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −5.5 (22.1) |
−5.3 (22.5) |
−0.9 (30.4) |
7.5 (45.5) |
16.0 (60.8) |
21.2 (70.2) |
22.2 (72.0) |
22.8 (73.0) |
17.6 (63.7) |
10.6 (51.1) |
1.6 (34.9) |
−3.8 (25.2) |
8.7 (47.6) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −7.3 (18.9) |
−7.3 (18.9) |
−3.3 (26.1) |
4.1 (39.4) |
12.1 (53.8) |
17.4 (63.3) |
18.9 (66.0) |
19.1 (66.4) |
14.5 (58.1) |
8.0 (46.4) |
−0.4 (31.3) |
−5.6 (21.9) |
5.8 (42.5) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −9.3 (15.3) |
−9.6 (14.7) |
−5.7 (21.7) |
1.0 (33.8) |
8.5 (47.3) |
14.2 (57.6) |
15.9 (60.6) |
15.9 (60.6) |
11.5 (52.7) |
5.4 (41.7) |
−2.6 (27.3) |
−7.7 (18.1) |
3.1 (37.6) |
Record low °C (°F) | −24.6 (−12.3) |
−24.6 (−12.3) |
−19.0 (−2.2) |
−7.2 (19.0) |
0.0 (32.0) |
5.7 (42.3) |
8.6 (47.5) |
7.0 (44.6) |
1.0 (33.8) |
−4.3 (24.3) |
−18.0 (−0.4) |
−24.0 (−11.2) |
−24.6 (−12.3) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 60 (2.4) |
41 (1.6) |
48 (1.9) |
40 (1.6) |
47 (1.9) |
55 (2.2) |
60 (2.4) |
72 (2.8) |
82 (3.2) |
94 (3.7) |
88 (3.5) |
72 (2.8) |
759 (29.9) |
Average snowy days | 16.9 | 15.7 | 12.9 | 5.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.5 | 11.8 | 15.4 | 79.2 |
Source: Danish Meteorological Institute[27][28] |
Finland
editHelsinki - Humid continental (Dfb)
editHelsinki | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Climate data for Central Helsinki (Kaisaniemi) 1991–2020 normals, records 1900–present | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 4.5 (40.1) |
6.3 (43.3) |
13.1 (55.6) |
21.9 (71.4) |
28.6 (83.5) |
34.7 (94.5) |
37.2 (99.0) |
34.2 (93.6) |
27.2 (81.0) |
17.6 (63.7) |
11.4 (52.5) |
6.5 (43.7) |
37.2 (99.0) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −8.7 (16.3) |
−9.3 (15.3) |
−3.7 (25.3) |
6.1 (43.0) |
15.6 (60.1) |
21.8 (71.2) |
24.9 (76.8) |
23.5 (74.3) |
16.4 (61.5) |
7.2 (45.0) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
−6.6 (20.1) |
7.1 (44.8) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −11.1 (12.0) |
−11.8 (10.8) |
−6.7 (19.9) |
2.4 (36.3) |
11.4 (52.5) |
17.9 (64.2) |
21.1 (70.0) |
19.9 (67.8) |
13.3 (55.9) |
4.6 (40.3) |
−3.6 (25.5) |
−8.7 (16.3) |
4.1 (39.3) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −13.6 (7.5) |
−14.3 (6.3) |
−9.6 (14.7) |
−0.9 (30.4) |
7.4 (45.3) |
14.2 (57.6) |
17.5 (63.5) |
16.5 (61.7) |
10.3 (50.5) |
2.2 (36.0) |
−5.6 (21.9) |
−10.9 (12.4) |
1.1 (34.0) |
Record low °C (°F) | −42.3 (−44.1) |
−39.5 (−39.1) |
−30.5 (−22.9) |
−18.3 (−0.9) |
−3.8 (25.2) |
3.7 (38.7) |
8.4 (47.1) |
5.8 (42.4) |
−3.5 (25.7) |
−13.6 (7.5) |
−24.6 (−12.3) |
−37.5 (−35.5) |
−42.3 (−44.1) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 53 (2.1) |
38 (1.5) |
34 (1.3) |
34 (1.3) |
38 (1.5) |
60 (2.4) |
57 (2.2) |
81 (3.2) |
56 (2.2) |
73 (2.9) |
69 (2.7) |
58 (2.3) |
653 (25.7) |
Average snowfall cm (inches) | 31 (12) |
26 (10) |
24 (9.4) |
7 (2.8) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
2 (0.8) |
23 (9.1) |
34 (13) |
147 (58) |
Average rainy days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 19 | 16 | 13 | 12 | 11 | 14 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 16 | 17 | 19 | 176 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 46 | 84 | 166 | 233 | 341 | 356 | 349 | 286 | 180 | 112 | 43 | 35 | 2,231 |
Average ultraviolet index | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
Source 1: FMI climatological normals for Finland 1991–2020[34] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: record highs and lows[35] |
Tampere - Humid continental (Dfb), previously Subarctic (Dfc)
editTampere | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Climate data for Tampere, 1981–2010 normals, precipitation 1981-2010, extremes 1900–present | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 4.0 (39.2) |
5.4 (41.7) |
12.9 (55.2) |
24.2 (75.6) |
29.4 (84.9) |
34.7 (94.5) |
36.1 (97.0) |
35.1 (95.2) |
25.8 (78.4) |
18.4 (65.1) |
9.1 (48.4) |
5.6 (42.1) |
36.1 (97.0) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −11.4 (11.5) |
−11.5 (11.3) |
−4.8 (23.4) |
6.2 (43.2) |
16.4 (61.5) |
22.5 (72.5) |
25.2 (77.4) |
22.9 (73.2) |
15.0 (59.0) |
5.5 (41.9) |
−4.5 (23.9) |
−9.9 (14.2) |
6.0 (42.8) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −14.4 (6.1) |
−14.9 (5.2) |
−8.8 (16.2) |
1.3 (34.3) |
10.7 (51.3) |
17.1 (62.8) |
19.9 (67.8) |
18.0 (64.4) |
10.8 (51.4) |
2.6 (36.7) |
−5.4 (22.3) |
−12.5 (9.5) |
2.0 (35.7) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −17.7 (0.1) |
−18.6 (−1.5) |
−12.6 (9.3) |
−3.3 (26.1) |
4.8 (40.6) |
11.6 (52.9) |
14.7 (58.5) |
13.4 (56.1) |
6.9 (44.4) |
−0.1 (31.8) |
−9.0 (15.8) |
−15.6 (3.9) |
−2.1 (28.2) |
Record low °C (°F) | −45.0 (−49.0) |
−44.8 (−48.6) |
−35.6 (−32.1) |
−21.6 (−6.9) |
−6.3 (20.7) |
0.2 (32.4) |
4.8 (40.6) |
2.6 (36.7) |
−5.7 (21.7) |
−16.8 (1.8) |
−28.5 (−19.3) |
−42.2 (−44.0) |
−45.0 (−49.0) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 41 (1.6) |
29 (1.1) |
31 (1.2) |
32 (1.3) |
41 (1.6) |
66 (2.6) |
75 (3.0) |
72 (2.8) |
58 (2.3) |
60 (2.4) |
51 (2.0) |
42 (1.7) |
598 (23.5) |
Average snowfall cm (inches) | 32.3 (12.7) |
31.4 (12.4) |
30.5 (12.0) |
15.9 (6.3) |
0.8 (0.3) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
5.3 (2.1) |
26.1 (10.3) |
27.2 (10.7) |
169.5 (66.8) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 22 | 18 | 16 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 15 | 15 | 14 | 17 | 21 | 22 | 197 |
Average relative humidity (%) | 90 | 87 | 82 | 70 | 63 | 66 | 69 | 76 | 82 | 87 | 91 | 92 | 80 |
Source 1: weatheronline.co.uk[37] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: FMI (precipitation, record highs and lows)[38] |
Mariehamn - Humid continental (Dfb)
editMariehamn | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Climate chart (explanation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Climate data for Mariehamn Airport normals 1991-2020, extremes 1914 – present | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 6.9 (44.4) |
6.5 (43.7) |
15.0 (59.0) |
21.1 (70.0) |
28.1 (82.6) |
32.4 (90.3) |
34.3 (93.7) |
33.7 (92.7) |
26.7 (80.1) |
19.0 (66.2) |
14.6 (58.3) |
7.1 (44.8) |
34.3 (93.7) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −7.0 (19.4) |
−7.6 (18.3) |
−2.9 (26.8) |
6.0 (42.8) |
14.4 (57.9) |
20.5 (68.9) |
23.8 (74.8) |
23.0 (73.4) |
16.5 (61.7) |
7.6 (45.7) |
−0.8 (30.6) |
−5.5 (22.1) |
7.3 (45.2) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −9.3 (15.3) |
−10.3 (13.5) |
−6.2 (20.8) |
1.8 (35.2) |
9.9 (49.8) |
16.3 (61.3) |
19.8 (67.6) |
19.1 (66.4) |
12.8 (55.0) |
4.8 (40.6) |
−2.8 (27.0) |
−7.6 (18.3) |
4.0 (39.2) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −12.3 (9.9) |
−13.5 (7.7) |
−9.7 (14.5) |
−2.1 (28.2) |
5.0 (41.0) |
11.6 (52.9) |
15.2 (59.4) |
14.6 (58.3) |
8.8 (47.8) |
1.5 (34.7) |
−5.4 (22.3) |
−10.5 (13.1) |
0.3 (32.5) |
Record low °C (°F) | −40.3 (−40.5) |
−40.9 (−41.6) |
−31.0 (−23.8) |
−20.9 (−5.6) |
−5.5 (22.1) |
−0.2 (31.6) |
3.1 (37.6) |
2.5 (36.5) |
−5.7 (21.7) |
−13.8 (7.2) |
−26.0 (−14.8) |
−36.9 (−34.4) |
−40.9 (−41.6) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 53 (2.1) |
35 (1.4) |
38 (1.5) |
31 (1.2) |
35 (1.4) |
53 (2.1) |
52 (2.0) |
76 (3.0) |
61 (2.4) |
70 (2.8) |
71 (2.8) |
59 (2.3) |
634 (25) |
Average precipitation days | 17 | 13 | 12 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 13 | 12 | 16 | 17 | 17 | 155 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 47 | 89 | 156 | 248 | 356 | 355 | 374 | 282 | 196 | 109 | 49 | 31 | 2,292 |
Source 1: FMI climatological normals for Finland 1991–2020[34] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: record highs and lows 1961 – present[38] |
Estonia
editTallinn - Humid continental (Dfb)
editTallinn | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Climate chart (explanation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Climate data for Tallinn, Estonia (normals 1991–2020 and extremes 1805–present) | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 5.2 (41.4) |
6.2 (43.2) |
13.9 (57.0) |
27.2 (81.0) |
32.4 (90.3) |
35.6 (96.1) |
37.3 (99.1) |
37.2 (99.0) |
29.0 (84.2) |
21.8 (71.2) |
12.1 (53.8) |
7.6 (45.7) |
37.3 (99.1) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −8.7 (16.3) |
−9.0 (15.8) |
−3.2 (26.2) |
7.5 (45.5) |
16.4 (61.5) |
22.2 (72.0) |
25.2 (77.4) |
24.0 (75.2) |
17.1 (62.8) |
7.5 (45.5) |
−1.9 (28.6) |
−6.8 (19.8) |
7.5 (45.6) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −10.9 (12.4) |
−11.6 (11.1) |
−6.6 (20.1) |
2.8 (37.0) |
11.2 (52.2) |
17.5 (63.5) |
20.6 (69.1) |
19.5 (67.1) |
13.0 (55.4) |
4.5 (40.1) |
−4.0 (24.8) |
−8.9 (16.0) |
3.9 (39.1) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −13.5 (7.7) |
−14.2 (6.4) |
−9.7 (14.5) |
−1.3 (29.7) |
6.2 (43.2) |
12.8 (55.0) |
16.1 (61.0) |
15.3 (59.5) |
9.4 (48.9) |
1.7 (35.1) |
−6.2 (20.8) |
−11.1 (12.0) |
0.5 (32.8) |
Record low °C (°F) | −39.4 (−38.9) |
−36.7 (−34.1) |
−30.5 (−22.9) |
−14.0 (6.8) |
−4.0 (24.8) |
3.0 (37.4) |
7.0 (44.6) |
5.4 (41.7) |
−3.1 (26.4) |
−12.5 (9.5) |
−24.8 (−12.6) |
−32.3 (−26.1) |
−39.4 (−38.9) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 56 (2.2) |
40 (1.6) |
37 (1.5) |
35 (1.4) |
37 (1.5) |
68 (2.7) |
82 (3.2) |
85 (3.3) |
58 (2.3) |
78 (3.1) |
66 (2.6) |
59 (2.3) |
700 (27.6) |
Average rainy days | 0 | 0 | 3 | 9 | 11 | 13 | 13 | 14 | 17 | 16 | 5 | 1 | 102 |
Average snowy days | 27 | 23 | 16 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 18 | 28 | 121 |
Average relative humidity (%) | 89 | 86 | 80 | 72 | 69 | 74 | 76 | 79 | 82 | 85 | 89 | 89 | 81 |
Average dew point °C (°F) | −14 (7) |
−15 (5) |
−10 (14) |
−2 (28) |
6 (43) |
12 (54) |
16 (61) |
16 (61) |
10 (50) |
2 (36) |
−5 (23) |
−10 (14) |
1 (33) |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 35.6 | 70.6 | 178.1 | 260.8 | 367.2 | 353.2 | 374.5 | 306.7 | 194.8 | 106.0 | 34.9 | 24.8 | 2,307.2 |
Average ultraviolet index | 0 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
Source 1: Estonian Weather Service[42][43][44][45][46] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: Weather Atlas (average ultraviolet index),[47] Time and Date (dewpoints, 2005-2015)[48] |
Latvia
editRiga - Humid continental (Dfa)
editRiga | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Climate chart (explanation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Climate data for Riga (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1885–present) | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 6.2 (43.2) |
9.6 (49.3) |
19.7 (67.5) |
27.9 (82.2) |
31.5 (88.7) |
37.0 (98.6) |
37.5 (99.5) |
36.9 (98.4) |
30.4 (86.7) |
23.4 (74.1) |
15.2 (59.4) |
7.8 (46.0) |
37.5 (99.5) |
Mean maximum °C (°F) | −0.1 (31.8) |
0.1 (32.2) |
8.7 (47.7) |
21.5 (70.7) |
27.3 (81.1) |
31.4 (88.5) |
33.1 (91.6) |
32.4 (90.3) |
24.9 (76.8) |
17.3 (63.1) |
6.9 (44.4) |
0.7 (33.3) |
34.4 (93.9) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −8.1 (17.4) |
−7.7 (18.1) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
9.9 (49.8) |
18.8 (65.8) |
24.3 (75.7) |
26.8 (80.2) |
25.7 (78.3) |
18.3 (64.9) |
8.5 (47.3) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
−6.6 (20.1) |
9.0 (48.1) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −10.1 (13.8) |
−10.0 (14.0) |
−4.5 (23.9) |
5.4 (41.7) |
14.0 (57.2) |
19.7 (67.5) |
22.3 (72.1) |
21.3 (70.3) |
14.4 (57.9) |
5.5 (41.9) |
−3.0 (26.6) |
−8.3 (17.1) |
5.6 (42.0) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −12.5 (9.5) |
−12.6 (9.3) |
−7.7 (18.1) |
0.9 (33.6) |
9.2 (48.6) |
15.4 (59.7) |
17.9 (64.2) |
17.1 (62.8) |
10.8 (51.4) |
2.9 (37.2) |
−4.9 (23.2) |
−10.4 (13.3) |
2.2 (35.9) |
Mean minimum °C (°F) | −24.4 (−11.9) |
−23.8 (−10.8) |
−16.4 (2.5) |
−5.9 (21.4) |
1.2 (34.2) |
8.3 (46.9) |
12.3 (54.1) |
11.0 (51.8) |
4.0 (39.2) |
−4.4 (24.1) |
−12.5 (9.5) |
−19.4 (−2.9) |
−28.3 (−18.9) |
Record low °C (°F) | −41.7 (−43.1) |
−42.9 (−45.2) |
−36.3 (−33.3) |
−15.1 (4.8) |
−4.5 (23.9) |
0.7 (33.3) |
7.0 (44.6) |
3.0 (37.4) |
−3.1 (26.4) |
−11.5 (11.3) |
−26.5 (−15.7) |
−39.9 (−39.8) |
−42.9 (−45.2) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 46.5 (1.83) |
40.1 (1.58) |
34.1 (1.34) |
35.0 (1.38) |
47.5 (1.87) |
65.0 (2.56) |
79.5 (3.13) |
77.9 (3.07) |
67.1 (2.64) |
75.6 (2.98) |
56.3 (2.22) |
50.2 (1.98) |
674.8 (26.58) |
Average snowfall cm (inches) | 48.0 (18.9) |
41.6 (16.4) |
26.7 (10.5) |
8.2 (3.2) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
5.2 (2.0) |
41.0 (16.1) |
49.0 (19.3) |
219.7 (86.4) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0mm) | 11 | 9 | 8 | 7 | 8 | 10 | 9 | 10 | 9 | 12 | 11 | 11 | 115 |
Average relative humidity (%) | 85.9 | 82.4 | 76.0 | 68.2 | 66.3 | 69.1 | 71.0 | 73.2 | 78.5 | 83.1 | 87.2 | 87.4 | 77.4 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 43.9 | 77.0 | 169.4 | 244.3 | 344.0 | 338.6 | 349.4 | 300.5 | 200.0 | 114.6 | 43.3 | 29.3 | 2,254.3 |
Average ultraviolet index | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
Source 1: Latvian Environment, Geology and Meteorology Agency (temperature, precipitation and sunshine)[50][46] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: NOAA (precipitation days, humidity 1991–2020),[51] Weather Atlas,[52] and World Weather Online (snowfall)[53] |
Iceland
editReykjavík - Subarctic (Dfc), previously Subpolar oceanic (Cfc)
editReykjavík | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Climate chart (explanation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Record high °C (°F) | 7.6 (45.7) |
6.2 (43.2) |
12.2 (54.0) |
17.1 (62.8) |
21.6 (70.9) |
25.4 (77.7) |
28.7 (83.7) |
27.8 (82.0) |
21.1 (70.0) |
15.7 (60.3) |
10.6 (51.1) |
8.0 (46.4) |
28.7 (83.7) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −4.9 (23.2) |
−4.7 (23.5) |
−2.0 (28.4) |
4.8 (40.6) |
10.8 (51.4) |
15.7 (60.3) |
17.6 (63.7) |
16.9 (62.4) |
12.1 (53.8) |
5.5 (41.9) |
−1.5 (29.3) |
−4.7 (23.5) |
5.5 (41.8) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −7.3 (18.9) |
−7.4 (18.7) |
−4.8 (23.4) |
1.7 (35.1) |
7.7 (45.9) |
12.8 (55.0) |
14.6 (58.3) |
14.0 (57.2) |
9.2 (48.6) |
2.9 (37.2) |
−3.8 (25.2) |
−7.2 (19.0) |
2.7 (36.9) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −9.8 (14.4) |
−9.9 (14.2) |
−7.3 (18.9) |
−0.8 (30.6) |
4.9 (40.8) |
10.7 (51.3) |
11.8 (53.2) |
11.7 (53.1) |
6.9 (44.4) |
0.7 (33.3) |
−6.2 (20.8) |
−9.6 (14.7) |
0.3 (32.5) |
Record low °C (°F) | −27.7 (−17.9) |
−25.6 (−14.1) |
−22.4 (−8.3) |
−18.4 (−1.1) |
−6.7 (19.9) |
2.3 (36.1) |
4.4 (39.9) |
2.6 (36.7) |
−3.4 (25.9) |
−12.6 (9.3) |
−21.1 (−6.0) |
−24.8 (−12.6) |
−27.7 (−17.9) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 83.0 (3.27) |
85.9 (3.38) |
81.4 (3.20) |
56.0 (2.20) |
52.8 (2.08) |
43.8 (1.72) |
52.3 (2.06) |
67.3 (2.65) |
73.5 (2.89) |
74.4 (2.93) |
78.8 (3.10) |
94.1 (3.70) |
843.3 (33.20) |
Average snowfall cm (inches) | 39.9 (15.7) |
37.1 (14.6) |
43.2 (17.0) |
17.1 (6.7) |
1.6 (0.6) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
6.4 (2.5) |
28.7 (11.3) |
37.8 (14.9) |
211.8 (83.3) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 13.3 | 12.5 | 14.4 | 12.2 | 9.8 | 10.7 | 10.0 | 11.7 | 12.4 | 14.5 | 12.5 | 13.9 | 148.3 |
Average relative humidity (%) | 78.1 | 77.1 | 76.2 | 74.4 | 74.9 | 77.9 | 80.3 | 81.6 | 79.0 | 78.0 | 77.7 | 77.7 | 77.8 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 20 | 60 | 109 | 164 | 201 | 174 | 168 | 155 | 120 | 93 | 41 | 22 | 1,326 |
Percent possible sunshine | 12 | 25 | 29 | 36 | 35 | 28 | 28 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 21 | 16 | 27 |
Average ultraviolet index | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
Source 1: Icelandic Met Office (precipitation days 1961–1990)[55][56][57] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: timeanddate.com (sunshine percent),[58] Weather Atlas, (UV)[24] and Meteo Climat[59] |
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