Etymology
editThe hill is called Taumatawhakatangihangakoauauotamateaturipukakapikimaungahoronukupokaiwhenuakitanatahu[1][2][3] in Māori and translates as "the place where Tamatea, the man with the big knees, who slid, climbed and swallowed mountains, known as landeater, played his flute to his loved one".[4]
Other variants are Taumatawhakatangihangakoauauotamateapokaiwhenuakitanatahu,[5] Taumata-whakatangihanga-kōauau-o-tamatea-turi-pūkaka-piki-maunga-horonuku-pōkai-whenua-ki-tānatahu,[4] Taumata-whakatangihanga-kōauau-a-Tamatea-pōkai-whenua-ki-tana-tahu,[6] and the longer version Taumata-whakatangihanga-koauau-o-Tamatea-haumai-tawhiti-ure-haea-turi-pukaka-piki-maunga-horo-nuku-pokai-whenua-ki-tana-tahu, meaning "The hill of the flute playing by Tamatea – who was blown hither from afar, had a slit penis, grazed his knees climbing mountains, fell on the earth, and encircled the land – to his beloved"[7] The name of the hill is often shortened as Taumata or Taumata Hill to simplify conversations.[8][9]
Guinness Book World Records listed Taumatawhakatangihangakoauauotamateaturipukakapikimaungahoronukupokaiwhenuakitanatahu as the longest place name in the world, containing 85 lettres. The only contender is the capital of Thailand, Bangkok, which is composed of 163 if transcripted in Latin letters.[10]
Ce toponyme a été créé par la tribu maori des Ngati Kere qui vivent dans la région[11]. Son étymologie repose sur une légende maori où Tamatea a pris part à la bataille de Matanui en compagnie de son frère contre la tribu des Ngati-Hine[8][2][1][11]. Mais au cours des affrontements, ce frère a été tué et Tamatea, profondément affecté, a joué chaque matin pendant plusieurs jours une complainte au kōauau, une flûte māori, sur les lieux du combat, à l'emplacement de la colline[8][2][1][11]. Tamatea est un chef maori et l'ancêtre de nombreuses familles de Porangahau[2]. Cette filiation est toutefois incertaine puisque deux tribus, les Ngāti Kahungunu et les Rangitāne, prétendent être ses descendants[12]. Le toponyme maori de la colline est un cas de taunaha whenua où un lieu est nommé par un chef ancestral selon un évènement de sa vie[13]. Ce genre de toponyme est caractérisé par l'incorporation de noms de personnes ce qui permet une légitimation des revendications territoriales d'une tribu[13].
Geography
editThe hill is located southeastern of the North Island, in the territorial authority Central Hawke's Bay of the Hawke's Bay région, southern of the city Waipukurau and eastern of the village Mangaorapa, in the Porangahau municipal.[14]
It is one of several hills between the cities Wimbledon au sud et Porangahau au nord, orienté nord-nord-est—sud-sud-ouest et parallèle à la chaîne Puketoi située à l'ouest.[15][14]. The mountain chain with interactions of faults roam the eastern half of the North Island.[16] The fault emerges if the hill's bedrock is composed of sandstone, marl, and slate from the Cretaceous.[16].
The hill is 305 metres (1,001 ft) high,[3] and is separated by a ridgeline into two southern and northern private terrains.[8][1][14] The slope, which is covered with brushes and willows, includes grazing animals such as sheeps[2] and cows.[17] Its drainage basins provides two rivers, one towards north, and the other towards south in northern Porangahau River.[14]
The regional climate of the south-east coast of the North Island is temperate.[18] The usual temperature in winter lies between 12 °C (54 °F) and 14 °C (57 °F), in summer between 23 °C (73 °F) and 25 °C (77 °F). Precipitation normally comes from south and east in winter, and may reach from 800 to 1000 mm {31,5 to 30,4 in). Wind particularly comes from the west, sometimes as a foehn, and the sunshine hours may reach 2000 to 2200.[18]
La colline est située sur le territoire du clan maori des Ngāti Kahungunu ki Wairarapa qui fait partie de la tribu des Ngāti Kahungunu[19], dans une région à relativement faible densité de population puisqu'elle est inférieure à 6.9 hab.km2 en 2006[20].
Tourism
edit
The upper part of the hill may be reached afoot in three to four hours. The path is easily accessible, but is not recommended for children.[2][1].The hill offers a view on other surrounding hills if looking towards the Pacific Ocean in the east.[2] Tour guiding up to the top is possible.[2]
The location of the hill is noted by a ten-metres large place-name sign.[1] It is located five kilometres from the Wimbledon Road.[1][8][14]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f g "Porangahau". Central Hawke's bay. Retrieved 7 August 2009.
- ^ a b c d e f g h "The longest place name in the world". Hawke's Bay. Retrieved 7 August 2009.
- ^ a b Lonely Planet. "The East Coast" (PDF). p. 2. Retrieved 8 December 2012.
- ^ a b "Stories of people and land". www.teara.govt.nz/en. The Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Retrieved 8 December 2012.
- ^ "New Zealand Geographic Placenames Database - Taumatawhakatangihangakoauauotamateapokaiwhenuakitanatahu". www.linz.govt.nz. Land Information New Zealand. Retrieved 8 December 2012.
- ^ "Māori Orthographic Conventions". www.tetaurawhiri.govt.nz. Māori Language Commission. Retrieved 8 December 2012.
- ^ McGrath, Ken; Young, Hugh (2001). A review of circumcision in New Zealand. Springer. p. 130.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|accesdate=ignored (|access-date=suggested) (help) - ^ a b c d e "The longest place name in New Zealand". New Zealand Tourism. Retrieved 8 December 2012.
- ^ "Hawke's Bay Regional Information". New Zealand Tourism Guide. Retrieved 8 December 2012.
- ^ "The World's Longest Place Name". BBC - h2g2. 13 September 2000.
{{cite web}}:|access-date=requires|url=(help); Missing or empty|url=(help); Unknown parameter|archive_date=ignored (help); Unknown parameter|archive_url=ignored (help) - ^ a b c "Hawke's Bay New Zealand - Maori Legends relating to Hawke's Bay".
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|consulté le=ignored (|access-date=suggested) (help); Unknown parameter|site=ignored (help) - ^ "Tapa whenua - naming places, Traditions and place names from Polynesia".
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|consulté le=ignored (|access-date=suggested) (help) - ^ a b "Tapa whenua - naming places, exploration and naming".
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|consulté le=ignored (|access-date=suggested) (help); Unknown parameter|site=ignored (help) - ^ a b c d e "View on the map by NZTopoOnline". Land Information New Zealand. Retrieved 7 August 2009.
- ^ "Linz Information New Zealand - North Island". Retrieved 7 August 2009.
- ^ a b "Générateur de carte géologique de la Nouvelle-Zélande". Retrieved 12 août 2009.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=(help); Unknown parameter|site=ignored (help) - ^ "Soils and regional land use of Lower North Island". Retrieved 12 August 2009.
- ^ a b "Regional climates". TeAra. Retrieved 3 January 2013.
- ^ "Ngāti Kahungunu tribal area". Retrieved 12 août 2009.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=(help); Unknown parameter|site=ignored (help) - ^ "Hawke's Bay Regional Council". Retrieved 12 août 2009.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=(help); Unknown parameter|site=ignored (help)
