User:Wikistar2/Politics and pendulums

List of Australian PMs - new format

No.	Name (Birth–Death)	Portrait	Division	Party	Assumed office	Left office	Ref
1	Sir Edmund Barton (1849–1920)		MP for Hunter, NSW, 1901–1903 (resigned)	Protectionist (Barton Ministry)	1 January 1901	24 September 1903
			First Australian Prime Minister, selected in preference to William Lyne despite Hopetoun Blunder. Elected 1901 (inaugural federal election). Retired to pursue judicial career.
2	Alfred Deakin (1856–1919)		MP for Ballaarat, Vic(1), 1901–1913 (retired)	Protectionist (1st Deakin Ministry)	24 September 1903	27 April 1904
			Elected 1903; three-way hung Parliament, with government reliant on Labor support. Unable to pass any legislation; resigned.
3	Chris Watson (1867–1941)		MP for Bland, NSW, 1901–1906 MP for South Sydney, NSW, 1906–1910 (retired)	Labor (Watson Ministry)	27 April 1904	18 August 1904
			First Labour Prime Minister in the world. Enacted tax reforms. Minority government; sought a double dissolution to allow an election; refused by the Governor-General; resigned.
4	Sir George Reid (1845–1918)		MP for East Sydney, NSW, 1901–1909 (resigned)	Free Trade (Reid Ministry)	18 August 1904	5 July 1905
			Premier of New South Wales 1894–1899; first former state premier to become Prime Minister. Minority government; resigned when Protectionists and Labor formed an alliance.
(2)	Alfred Deakin (1856–1919)		MP for Ballaarat, Vic(1), 1901–1913 (retired)	Protectionist (2nd, 3rd Deakin Ministries)	5 July 1905	13 November 1908
			Re-elected 1906. Passed extensive legislation; Arranged for Australian control of Papua and Northern Territory; Expanded High Court to five justices.
5	Andrew Fisher (1862–1928)		MP for Wide Bay, Qld, 1901–1915 (resigned)	Labor (1st Fisher Ministry)	13 November 1908	2 June 1909
			Seat of Government Act, providing for a federal capital at Canberra; Workers' wage reform; Prepared for establishment of the Navy. Ousted by Parliamentary majority held by the newly merged Commonwealth Liberal Party.
(2)	Alfred Deakin (1856–1919)		MP for Ballaarat, Vic(1), 1901–1913 (retired)	Commonwealth Liberal (4th Deakin Ministry)	2 June 1909	29 April 1910
			Deakin's Protectionist Party had merged with Joseph Cook's Anti-Communist Party, resulting in the first absolute majority government. Ordered the dreadnought battle cruiser; Financial Agreement of 1909, granting the States 25 shillings per head per annum. Defeated 1910.
(5)	Andrew Fisher (1862–1928)		MP for Wide Bay, Qld, 1901–1915 (resigned)	Labor (2nd Fisher Ministry)	29 April 1910	24 June 1913
			Elected 1910; absolute majority. Instigated social and financial reform, including Australia's first paper currency. Defeated 1913.
6	Joseph Cook (1860–1947)		MP for Parramatta, NSW, 1901–1921 (resigned)	Commonwealth Liberal (Cook Ministry)	24 June 1913	17 September 1914
			Elected 1913 with a one-seat majority; Labor retained a Senate majority. Outbreak of World War I. Brought about a double dissolution; defeated 1914.
(5)	Andrew Fisher (1862–1928)		MP for Wide Bay, Qld, 1901–1915 (resigned)	Labor (3rd Fisher Ministry)	17 September 1914	27 October 1915
			Elected 1914. Pledged absolute support to "the mother country" (the UK) in World War I. Enacted both peacetime and defence legislation. Oversaw heavy Australian losses in the Gallipoli Campaign; resigned.
7	Billy Hughes (1862–1952)		MP for West Sydney, NSW, 1901–1917 MP for Bendigo, Vic, 1917–1922 MP for North Sydney, NSW, 1922–1949 MP for Bradfield, NSW, 1949–1952 (died)
				Labor (1st Hughes Ministry)	27 October 1915	14 November 1916
				National Labor (2nd Hughes Ministry)	14 November 1916	17 February 1917
			Nationalist (3rd, 4th, 5th Hughes Ministries)	17 February 1917	9 February 1923
Advocated conscription during World War I, on which he lost a plebiscite; expelled from the Labor Party. His new National Labor Party entered into an alliance with the Commonwealth Liberal Party, later merging fully as the Nationalist Party, elected 1917 and 1919. Introduced Preferential voting. Lost a second plebiscite on conscription; resigned as PM, but immediately re-commissioned. The first Australian to sign an international treaty, the Treaty of Versailles. Re-elected 1922; hung Parliament. Lost support of the right wing of the party; resigned.
8	Stanley Bruce (1883–1967)		MP for Flinders, Vic, 1918–1929 (lost seat) ; 1931–1933 (resigned)	Nationalist (1st, 2nd, 3rd Bruce Ministries)	9 February 1923	22 October 1929
			Elected 1925, 1928. Supported the British Empire, the League of Nations, and the White Australia Policy; Maritime Industries crisis. Defeated (and lost his own seat) 1929.
9	James Scullin (1876–1953)		MP for Yarra, Vic, 1910–1949 (retired)	Labor (Scullin Ministry)	22 October 1929	6 January 1932
			Elected 1929. Wall Street Crash of 1929 and Great Depression. The government split on economic issues, forcing a vote of no confidence; defeated 1931.
10	Joseph Lyons (1879–1939)		MP for Wilmot, Tas, 1929–1939 (died)	United Australia (1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th Lyons Ministries)	6 January 1932	7 April 1939 (died)
			Premier of Tasmania 1923–1928. Elected 1931, 1934, 1937. Recovery from the Great Depression; Supported appeasement, but expanded the armed forces; Edward VIII abdication crisis. Died in office (heart attack).
11	Sir Earle Page (1880–1961)		MP for Cowper, NSW 1919–1961 (defeated)	Country (Page Ministry)	7 April 1939	26 April 1939
			Leader of the Country Party, junior member in the Lyons-Page Coalition Government. Appointed by the Governor-General on Lyons' death, until United Australia elected a leader; refused to serve under Robert Menzies; overthrown as Country Party leader.
12	Robert Menzies (1894–1978)		MP for Kooyong, Vic, 1934–1966 (resigned)	United Australia (1st, 2nd, 3rd Menzies Ministries)	26 April 1939	28 August 1941
			Minority government until the Country Party re-joined the government. Outbreak of World War II. Defeated 1940; remained in government only with independent support. Forced to resign.
13	Arthur Fadden (1895–1973)		MP for Darling Downs, Qld 1936–1949 MP for McPherson, Qld 1949–1958 (retired)	Country (Fadden Ministry)	28 August 1941	7 October 1941
			Leader of the Country Party, junior member in the Coalition Government. Appointed on Menzies' resignation. Hung Parliament reliant on support of Independent MPs (Coles and Wilson); they voted against Fadden's budget. Resigned.
14	John Curtin (1885–1945)		MP for Fremantle, WA, 1928–1931 (lost seat) ; 1934–1945 (died)	Labor (1st, 2nd Curtin Ministries)	7 October 1941	5 July 1945 (died)
			Appointed by the Governor-General on condition that Independent MPs Coles and Wilson would support him, thereby ending government instability. Re-elected 1943. Led Australia through World War II. Died in office (heart attack).
15	Frank Forde (1890–1983)		MP for Capricornia, Qld, 1922–1946 (defeated)	Labor (Forde Ministry)	6 July 1945	13 July 1945
			Deputy Prime Minister under Curtin. On Curtin's death, served as interim Prime Minister until Labor Party leadership elections. Defeated by Ben Chifley in leadership elections; appointed Deputy Party Leader and Minister for Defence.
16	Ben Chifley (1885–1951)		MP for Macquarie, NSW, 1928–1931 (lost seat) ; 1940–1951 (died)	Labor (1st, 2nd Chifley Ministries)	13 July 1945	19 December 1949
(12)	Robert Menzies (1894–1978)		MP for Kooyong, Vic, 1934–1966 (resigned)	Liberal (4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th Menzies Ministries)	19 December 1949	26 January 1966
17	Harold Holt (1908–1967)		MP for Fawkner, Vic, 1935–1949 MP for Higgins, Vic, 1949–1967†	Liberal (1st, 2nd Holt Ministries)	26 January 1966	19 December 1967†
			Re-elected 1966. Cold War; Expanded Australia's role in Vietnam War. †Disappeared while swimming at Cheviot Beach 17 December 1967; declared dead 19 December.
18	John McEwen (1900–1980)		MP for Echuca, Vic, 1934–1937 MP for Indi, Vic, 1937–1949 MP for Murray, Vic, 1949–1971 (resigned)	Country (McEwen Ministry)	19 December 1967	10 January 1968
			Leader of the Country Party, junior member in the Menzies-Holt Coalition Government. Appointed by the Governor-General on Holt's disappearance, until the Liberals elected a leader; refused to serve under the obvious candidate William McMahon. John Gorton selected instead; Gorton appointed McEwen Deputy Prime Minister.
19	John Gorton (1911–2002)		Senator 1950–1968 (resigned3) MP for Higgins, Vic, 1968–1975 (retired4)	Liberal (1st, 2nd Gorton Ministries)	10 January 1968	10 March 1971
			The only Senator to serve as Prime Minister; resigned from the Senate and elected MP. Re-elected 1969. Continued to support involvement in Vietnam War. Retired.
20	William McMahon (1908–1988)		MP for Lowe, NSW, 1949–1982 (resigned)	Liberal (McMahon Ministry)	10 March 1971	5 December 1972
			Elected Leader and hence Prime Minister unanimously in 1971. Continued to support conscription and the Australian involvement in the Vietnam War. Reputation as an ethical Treasurer was marred by high inflation. Outperformed and unable to hold back the tide of a transformed Labor Party was narrowly defeated at the 1972 federal election.
21	Gough Whitlam (1916– )		MP for Werriwa, NSW, 1952–1978 (resigned)	Labor (1st, 2nd, 3rd Whitlam Ministries)	5 December 1972	11 November 1975
			Ended a record 23 years of conservative government in Australia at the 1972 election with the slogan "It's Time". Brought forward the issues of the Vietnam War however struggled with experience in the cabinet and the handling of the economy which was the basis of the swing away from the Government at the 1974 election which turned into the 1975 Australian constitutional crisis. The crisis which had came from a hostile Senate as well as the Loans Affair resulted in the Governor General dismissing Whitlam and appointing the Fraser Opposition to sit as a caretaker government pending on the results of the 1975 election. The election resulted in the ALP losing government resoundingly. Introduced Medicare.
22	Malcolm Fraser (1930– )		MP for Wannon, Vic, 1955–1983 (resigned)	Liberal (1st, 2nd, 3rd Fraser Ministries)	11 November 1975	11 March 1983
			Came to the Prime Ministership controversially through the 1975 Australian constitutional crisis. Won the 1975 election with a substantially large majority with the promise to "turn on the lights", refering to the Whitlam Government's anti business policies as well as the Loans Affair. Won the 1977 and 1980 elections whilst eroding the seat buffer between the Liberal and Labor parties. Could not curb high inflation and the budget defict had been building since the Whitlam era. Committed and determined to hold on to the premiership, led the party into defeat at the 1983 election.
23	Bob Hawke (1929– )		MP for Wills, Vic, 1980–1992 (resigned)	Labor (1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th Hawke Ministries)	11 March 1983	20 December 1991
			Continued the modernisation of the Labor Party from the Whitlam era. Won the 1983 election with a impressive margin, won the 1984, 1987 comfortably, narrowly won the 1990 election. The Hawke Government battled with the Early 1990s recession and high unemployment. Toppled in a party room coup which installed Paul Keating to the premiership.
24	Paul Keating (1944– )		MP for Blaxland, NSW, 1969–1996 (resigned)	Labor (1st, 2nd Keating Ministries)	20 December 1991	11 March 1996
			Re-elected unexpectively at the 1993 election. Mandatory detention of asylum seekers; Reconciliation with Aborigines, including Redfern Park Speech and Native Title Act 1993; Established the Republic Advisory Committee; Relations with Asia, through APEC. Could not curb unemployment and high inflation and government debt. Humiliatingly defeated at the 1996 election by wider than expected margins.
25	John Howard (1939– )		MP for Bennelong, NSW, 1974–2007 (lost seat)	Liberal (1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th Howard Ministries)	11 March 1996	3 December 2007
			Defeated by PM Bob Hawke at the 1987 election. Elected by landslide at the 1996 election, severley reduced margin at the 1998 election, re-elected comfortably in 2001, unexpected "patriotic" response toward the Government at the 2004 election. Defeated at the 2007 election. Introduced Goods and Services Tax, promoted a tuff stance on asylum seekers, sent troops to Iraq and Afghanistan wars. Reduced government debt and unemloyment to historic lows, however battled with inflation throughout his term.
26	Kevin Rudd (1957– )		MP for Griffith, QLD, since 1998	Labor (Rudd Ministry)	3 December 2007	Incumbent
			Elected 2007. Signed Kyoto Protocol; Issued apology to the Stolen Generations; Withdrew troops from Iraq War; Upheld and sent more troops to the Australian involvement in War in Afghanistan.

S.A pendulum

LABOR SEATS
Australian Labor Party
Marginal
Bright	Chloe Fox	ALP	0.1%
Newland	Tom Kenyon	ALP	2.6%
Elder	Pat Conlon	ALP	3.0%
Hartley	Grace Portolesi	ALP	3.0%
Florey	Frances Bedford	ALP	4.1%
Colton	Paul Caica	ALP	4.2%
Mawson	Leon Bignell	ALP	4.4%
Light	Tony Piccolo	ALP	4.9%
Ashford	Stephanie Key	ALP	5.3%
Fairly safe
Little Para	Lee Odenwalder	ALP	6.1%
West Torrens	Tom Koutsantonis	ALP	6.7%
Lee	Michael Wright	ALP	7.6%
Torrens	Robyn Geraghty	ALP	8.2%
Kaurna	John Hill	ALP	8.5%
Safe
Enfield	John Rau	ALP	10.5%
Reynell	Gay Thompson	ALP	10.8%
Reynell	Gay Thompson	ALP	10.8%
Taylor	Leesa Vlahos	ALP	12.0%
Giles	Lyn Breuer	ALP	13.1%
Port Adelaide	Kevin Foley	ALP	13.1%
Croydon	Michael Atkinson	ALP	14.5%
Playford	Jack Snelling	ALP	15.3%
Wright	Jennifer Rankine	ALP	15.3%
Napier	Michael O'Brien	ALP	16.3%
Cheltenham	Jay Weatherill	ALP	16.6%
Ramsay	Mike Rann	ALP	17.2%
Very safe

LIBERAL SEATS
75px
Marginal
Morialta	John Gardner	LIB	3.6%
Chaffey	Tim Whetstone	LIB	3.9%
Norwood	Steven Marshall	LIB	4.9%
Adelaide	Rachel Sanderson	LIB	5.1%
Fairly safe
Stuart	Dan Van Holst Pellekaan	LIB	7.7%
Safe
Flinders	Peter Treloar	LIB	10.1%
Finniss	Michael Pengilly	LIB	10.4%
Morphett	Duncan McFetridge	LIB	10.9%
Unley	David Pisoni	LIB	12.3%
Davenport	Iain Evans	LIB	12.8%
Waite	Martin Hamilton-Smith	LIB	13.1%
Kavel	Mark Goldsworthy	LIB	15.6%
Heysen	Isobel Redmond	LIB	16.6%
Goyder	Steven Griffiths	LIB	17.8%
Schubert	Ivan Venning	LIB	19.1%
Hammond	Adrian Pederick	LIB	19.1%
Very safe
Bragg	Vickie Chapman	LIB	21.2%
MacKillop	Mitch Williams	LIB	24.5%
Independents
Mt Gambier	Don Pegler	IND	1.8% v LIB
Mitchell	Kris Hanna	IND	7.6% v ALP
Frome	Geoff Brock	IND	7.7% v LIB
Fisher	Bob Such	IND	17.8% v ALP

TO DO

Below are current projects I am getting around to. Please, use them as a starting point for your endeavours or what so, just dont stuff them up.

Chaffey (Gain) Flinders

Tasmanian distribution of seats

Electorate Seats held Bass           Braddon           Denison           Franklin           Lyons

Liberal   Labor   Green

Current QLD pendulum

Composition of the Parliament of Queensland
Political Party	Legislative Assembly
ALP	51
LNP	34
Independent	4
Source: Queensland Electoral Commission

LABOR SEATS ALP logo Marginal [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 20.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 0.0% Fairly safe [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 0.0% Safe [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 00.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 00.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 00.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 00.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 00.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 00.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 00.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 00.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 00.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 00.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 00.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 00.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 00.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 00.0% Very safe [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 00.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 00.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 20.8% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 21.5% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 00.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 00.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 00.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 00.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 25.3% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 00.0 [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 00.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] ALP 00.0%

LIBERAL NATIONAL SEATS LNP logo Marginal [[ ]] [[ ]] LNP 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] LNP 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] LNP 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] LNP 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] LNP 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] LNP 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] LNP 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] LNP 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] LNP 0.0% Fairly safe [[ ]] [[ ]] LNP 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] LNP 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] LNP 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] LNP 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] LNP 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] LNP 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] LNP 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] LNP 0.0% Safe [[ ]] [[ ]] LNP 00.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] LNP 00.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] LNP 00.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] LNP 00.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] LNP 00.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] LNP 00.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] LNP 00.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] LNP 00.0% Very safe [[ ]] [[ ]] LNP 00.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] LNP 00.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] LNP 00.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] LNP 00.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] LNP 00.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] LNP 00.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] LNP 00.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] LNP 00.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] LNP 00.0% Independents [[ ]] [[ ]] IND v 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] IND v 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] IND v 0.0% [[ ]] [[ ]] IND v 0.0%

QLD Polling

Newspoll polling was conducted via random telephone number selection in city and country areas. Sampling sizes usually consist of around 1000 electors, with the declared margin of error at around ±3 percent.

Better Premier ratings^

Date	ALP Bligh	LNP Langbroek
2009 Election	53%	33%2
2006 Election	58%1	28%2
Polling conducted by Newspoll and published in The Australian. ^ Remainder were "uncommitted" to either leader. 1 Peter Beattie, 2 Lawrence Springborg

Legislative Assembly opinion polling

	Political parties							Two party preferred
	ALP	Lib	Nat	LNP	Grn	FFP	Oth	ALP	LNP
2009 Election	42%			42%	7%	0.5%	8%	50%	50%
2006 Election	46.9%	20.1%	17.8%	37.9%	8.0%	1.9%	5.3%	54.9%	45.1%
Polling conducted by Newspoll and published in The Australian.