Daljaberz

Microtubule Plus-end Tracking Proteins (+TIP-Proteins)

Article briefly discusses the importance of +TIP-proteins, their essential roles with the cell,and the general classification of the proteins.

GTSE1-Is-a-Microtubule-Plus-End-Tracking-Protein-That-Regulates-EB1-Dependent-Cell-Migration-pone.0051259.s014

+TIP-proteins are a type of MAP protein, microtubule associated proteins, which are fundamentally based on the plus-ends of microtubules, hence its name microtubule plus end tracking protein.+TIP-proteins are arranged in highly diverse groups which are classified based on their structural components; however all share a same conception in the association with the plus end of microtubules and the ability to maintain interactions between themselves regardless of their differences. +TIP-proteins can be either membrane bounded or cytoplasmic, depending on the certain type of +TIPs. Most +TIP-proteins track the ends of extending microtubules in a non-autonomous manner.

MTB-3-a-Microtubule-Plus-End-Tracking-Protein-(+TIP)-of-Neurospora-crassa-pone.0070655.s006

Prime Functions Of +TIP-Proteins

Microtubules plus end tracking proteins function mainly with the regulation of microtubule dynamics. Its certain localization at the microtubule ends makes it a highly relevant aspect in regulation, whether it is promoting growth by catalyzing the specific addition of tubulin to the microtubule ends or by balancing microtubules at the cell cortex, its role in regulation (though still not fully understood in terms of mechanisms) makes +TIP-proteins a main attribute to the overall function of microtubules generally.

Another important concept for +TIP-proteins is allocating microtubule addition and dynamical regulation at mitotic kintechores. Also, they contribute in the extension of endoplasmic reticulum tubules together at expanding microtubule ends. Furthermore, +TIP-proteins aid in advocating organization of specialized microtubule array, take for example the discretely arranged bipolar microtubule bundles in fission yeast or mitotic spindles customarily.

Cep169-a-Novel-Microtubule-Plus-End-Tracking-Centrosomal-Protein-Binds-to-CDK5RAP2-and-Regulates-pone.0140968.s002

In addition to the +TIP-proteins basic known functions, the proteins also are crucial for the linkages between microtubule ends and other cellular structure. Take for instance their ability to bind microtubule tips to the cell cortex by colliding to plasma membrane associated proteins or (by some +TIPs) straight forwardly to actin fiber. Moreover, +TIP-protein complexes in budding yeast are utilized for myosin based transport of microtubule ends. Microtubule plus-end trafficking proteins engage in microtubule actin crosstalk, such as the CLIP-170 (+TIP-protein) that controls actin polymerization which is a necessity for the process of phagocytosis done by mammalian cells.

+TIP-proteins have been known for an extravagant accumulation by the centrosomes and other structural organizing centers of cells. This leads to the basic assumption that +TIP-proteins may aid in microtubule nucleation and anchoring; however, its distinct role at centrosomes still awaits evidential findings. Overall, +TIPs play a critical part in morphogenesis, cell division, and motility.

Certain Classifications of +TIPs (Based on structural domains)

About 20 different families of microtubule plus-end trafficking proteins have been discovered since the first finding of +TIP-protein CLIP-170 (CLIP1) in the year 1999. Since then +TIPs have been studied thoroughly and still are. The largest group of +TIPs contain complex and large proteins which have low-complexity sequence areas which are affluent in standard proline and serine residues. These type of proteins share a structural basic Ser-x-lle-Pro (x relates to any amino acid). This certain “code” allows these specific complex proteins to be recognizable to another family of +TIPs, known as the EB proteins.

PDB 2z0d EBI

The end-binding proteins (EB proteins), have a precise N-terminal domain which is accountable for microtubule binding. The C-terminus however, sustains an alpha-helical coiled region which regulates parallel dimerization of EB monomers and comprises an acidic tail (attaining EEY/F motif) along with an EB homology domain (EBH).The EBH domain and or the EEY/F motif allow the EB proteins to physically interrelate with an array of +TIP in order to recruit them to microtubule ends.

Other classes of +TIPs include the cytoskeleton-associated proteins which are known for there glycine rich domain and a special conserved hydrophobic cavity which permits them to confer interactions with microtubules and EB proteins.

TOG-Proteins-Are-Spatially-Regulated-by-Rac-GSK3β-to-Control-Interphase-Microtubule-Dynamics-pone.0138966.s007

There is also, a class of the +TIPs which substantiates a TOG domain, arranged properly these domains allow mediation of binding to tubulin and are important for microtubule growth correlated activity. Basically, the brief classification of +TIPs can be made prior to the specific domain and function rudiments of the particular protein; there exist many more +TIP-proteins but these correspond to the main oriented and highly studied +TIPs.

Expanding the Study of +TIPs

Scientist continues to further their understanding on certain mechanisms done by +TIP-proteins and the range of different types of these proteins. Understandings of microtubule plus-end trafficking proteins greatly expanded since the discovery of CLAP1, and surely will continue to expand as predicted by many researchers and cytologist. Currently, +TIP-proteins may play critical roles in more than just the general aspects known;also with other particular cell structures along with the known structures which are theendoplasmic reticulm, F-actin, vesicles, microtubules, kintechores, cell cortex, and centrosomes.

Speedy deletion nomination of Victorino Noval Foundation

If this is the first article that you have created, you may want to read the guide to writing your first article.

You may want to consider using the Article Wizard to help you create articles.

A tag has been placed on Victorino Noval Foundation, requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section G4 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because the page appears to be a repost of material that was previously deleted following a deletion debate, such as at articles for deletion. Under the specified criteria, where a page has substantially identical content to that of a page deleted after debate, and any changes in the content do not address the reasons for which the material was previously deleted, it may be deleted at any time.

If you think this page should not be deleted for this reason, you may contest the nomination by visiting the page and clicking the button labelled "Contest this speedy deletion". This will give you the opportunity to explain why you believe the page should not be deleted. However, be aware that once a page is tagged for speedy deletion, it may be removed without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag from the page yourself, but do not hesitate to add information in line with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. If the page is deleted, and you wish to retrieve the deleted material for future reference or improvement, then please contact the deleting administrator, or if you have already done so, you can place a request here. --Finngall ^talk 00:43, 28 December 2016 (UTC) This is not the first article I've created . I have had the pleasure of creating three academic articles before. I reviewed that which was considered for the first deletion of the page. However, the first page was deleted due to contraversy on the foundation and it not being notable. I've fixed and removed iinformation that didn't havea proper source and made sure all the events discussed were fact. I also gathered the information myself with research and didnt rely on the aid of uncreditable sites. Daljaberz (talk) 09:50, 28 December 2016 (UTC)

Speedy deletion nomination of Peter Victor Noval

If this is the first article that you have created, you may want to read the guide to writing your first article.

You may want to consider using the Article Wizard to help you create articles.

A tag has been placed on Peter Victor Noval requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section A7 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because the article appears to be about a person or group of people, but it does not credibly indicate how or why the subject is important or significant: that is, why an article about that subject should be included in an encyclopedia. Under the criteria for speedy deletion, such articles may be deleted at any time. Please read more about what is generally accepted as notable.

If you think this page should not be deleted for this reason, you may contest the nomination by visiting the page and clicking the button labelled "Contest this speedy deletion". This will give you the opportunity to explain why you believe the page should not be deleted. However, be aware that once a page is tagged for speedy deletion, it may be removed without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag from the page yourself, but do not hesitate to add information in line with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. If the page is deleted, and you wish to retrieve the deleted material for future reference or improvement, then please contact the deleting administrator. reddogsix (talk) 22:34, 28 December 2016 (UTC)