VEF Spidola (Latvian: VEF Spīdola, Russian: ВЭФ Спидола) was the first mass-produced transistor radio with short wave band in the Soviet Union (tube short wave receivers were produced for many years before). It was manufactured by the VEF factory in Riga, Latvia, since 1962. A small series under the name "Spidola" (Спидола ПМП-60[1]) had been manufactured since 1960.[2][3] It was named after the fictional witch Spīdola from the Latvian epic poem.
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The word "spidola" was a genericised trademark for "transistor radio" for a long time in Russian[4] (other synonyms included "transistor").
In many cases, the Spidola was used to listen to Western stations, such as the Voice of America, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, BBC, and Deutsche Welle. The criminal prosecution of at least one Soviet dissident involved confiscation of the Spidola as an "instrument of crime," but without specifying the "crime" committed with the confiscated Spidola.[5]
Specifications
editFirst, "Spidola" was a ten-transistor, seven-band superheterodyne. Some versions were eight-band.
- Intermediate frequency: 465 kHz.
- Tuning range Longwave, Medium Wave and more than five short waves ranges (13, 16, 19, 25, 31, 41, 49 and 52–75 meters).[6]
- Sensitivity: 1.5 - 2 mV/m (broadcast), 100 μV (short wave).
- Selectivity (±10 kHz): 32 dB or better
- Power supply: six D cells, or two 3R12 batteries, of 9 V total.
- Output power: 150 mW.
- Average current consumption: 25 mA.
- Dimensions: 275×197×90 mm.
- Weight without batteries: 2.2 kg.
- Price (after 1961 denomination): abt. 73 rubles.
Interesting facts
editIn Chukchi, the word spidola is generic for any portable transistor radio.[7][8]
There have been cases where, in criminal cases against Soviet dissidents, Spidolas have been confiscated as instruments of crime because they could be used to listen to Voice of America broadcasts (the good selectivity of the jamming stations meant that they had less impact).[9]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "ПМП-60" stands for Полупроводниковый Малогабаритный Приёмник выпуска 1960 года, or "Semiconductor Compact Receiver, production year 1960"
- ^ "Spidola" (in Russian)
- ^ "Transistor radios of the Soviet Union 1961-1996"
- ^ (russian) «Спидолу» писали с маленькой буквы…//Телеграф, № 56 (294) от 22 марта 2004
- ^ "Processes of past years" (Chronicle of Current Events, issue 33) (in Russian)
- ^ "VEF Spidola Radio VEF Radio Works Valst Elektrotechniska Fabrika, ВЕ".
- ^ http://db.chgk.info/files/spb06.1-a.html Archived 2009-04-26 at the Wayback Machine (in Russian)
- ^ Чукотский язык. - Чукотские форумы (in Russian)
- ^ ПРОЦЕССЫ ПРОШЛЫХ ЛЕТ Archived 2009-07-29 at the Wayback Machine (in Russian)
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