Velutina velutina, common name the velvet shell, is a species of small sea snail with a transparent shell, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Velutinidae.[3]
| Velutina velutina | |
|---|---|
| |
| Velutina velutina shell | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Caenogastropoda |
| Order: | Littorinimorpha |
| Superfamily: | Velutinoidea |
| Family: | Velutinidae |
| Genus: | Velutina |
| Species: | V. velutina
|
| Binomial name | |
| Velutina velutina | |
| Synonyms[3] | |
|
Velutina haliotidea (Fabricius, 1780)[2] | |
Description
edit
The maximum body size is from 15 to 50 mm.[3] The maximum recorded shell length is 27.5 mm.[4]
Distribution
editThe distribution of Velutina velutina is circumboreal.[3] The range of Velutina velutina include: 72.78°N to 42°N; 70°W to 0°W.[3]
Distribution of Velutina velutina include:
- Greenland: West Greenland.[3]
- Canada: Labrador, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick[3]
- USA: Maine, Massachusetts, including Cobscook Bay[3]
Ecology
editThe habitat of Velutina velutina include bathyal, infralittoral and circalittoral of the Gulf and estuary.[3] Minimum recorded depth is 0 m.[4] Maximum recorded depth is 183 m.[4]
Velutina velutina feeds on ascidians.[5]
Sexes are separate but are seldom conspicuously different externally.[3] Velutina velutina is a simultaneous hermaphrodite yet self-fertilization is prevented due to various morphological, physiological, or behavioral mechanisms.[3] They shed their eggs.[3]
References
editThis article incorporates CC-BY-SA-3.0 text from the reference.[3]
- ^ Müller (1776). Zoologiae Danicae Prodromus, seu Animalium Daniae et Norvegiae Indigenarum, characteres, nomina, et synonyma imprimis popularium. Havniae [Copenhagen]: Typis Hallageriis xxxii + 281 p.
- ^ Fabricius O. (1780). Fauna Groenlandica systematice sistens animalis Groenlandiae occidentalis hactenus indagata. Hafniae et Lipsiae, J.G. Rothe pp. XVI + 452 + 1 pl. Google books
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Velutina velutina (Müller O.F., 1776). Gofas, S. (2009). Velutina velutina (Müller O.F., 1776). In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2009) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=141905 on 14 August 2010 .
- ^ a b c Welch J. J. (2010). "The "Island Rule" and Deep-Sea Gastropods: Re-Examining the Evidence". PLoS ONE 5(1): e8776. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0008776.
- ^ Manfred Diehl (1956): Die Raubschnecke Velutina velutina als Feind und Bruteinmieter der Ascidie Styela coriacea. Kieler Meeresforschungen. 12 : 180–185.
External links
edit- Robert Hugh Morris, Donald Putnam Abbott, Eugene Clinton Haderlie. Intertidal Invertebrates of California, p. 273, 13.66. Velutina sp., V. velutina (Müller, 1776), Smooth Velutina. Stanford University Press, 1st ed., Stanford (CA, USA) 1980. (Google Books)