Vilhjálmsson is a surname of Icelandic origin, meaning son of Vilhjálmur (William or Wilhelm).[citation needed] In Icelandic names, the name is not strictly a surname, but a patronymic. The name refers to:
- Einar Vilhjálmsson (born 1960), Icelandic Olympic javelin thrower
- Matthías Vilhjálmsson (born 1987), Icelandic footballer
- Sigmar Vilhjálmsson (born 1977), Icelandic television host
- Thor Vilhjálmsson (born 1925), Icelandic novelist, poet, playwright, and translator
- Vilhjálmur Þ. Vilhjálmsson (born 1946), Icelandic politician; Mayor of Reykjavík 2006–07
- Thór Vilhjálmsson, judge of ECtHR