Viola cunninghamii, also known as the white mountain viola, is a species of flowering plant within the genus Viola and family Violaceae.[1]
| Viola cunninghamii | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Malpighiales |
| Family: | Violaceae |
| Genus: | Viola |
| Species: | V. cunninghamii
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| Binomial name | |
| Viola cunninghamii | |
| Synonyms | |
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List
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Description
editViola cunninghamii is a perennial herb known for its slender and branching rhizome. The plant forms a cluster of leaves in a tufted rosette pattern. The leaf blades are generally triangular-ovate to sub-orbicular, measuring between 10 and 20 mm in diameter. The edges of the leaves have slightly indistinct, crenate margins, and their stalks are longer than the blade itself.[2]
The flowers of Viola cunninghamii emerge singularly on elongated stalks that surpass the length of the leaves. These delicate flowers showcase shades of white or pale violet, with a length of about 6 to 10 mm. Notably, the rear petal of the flower features a short, blunt spur. The flowering period typically occurs between the months of November and February. The fruit of this herb takes the form of a capsule that splits open into three valves when matured.[2] The species has a chromosome count of 2n = 48.[3]
When distinguishing Viola cunninghamii from other Viola species in Tasmania, certain defining characteristics of this species can be identified. The presence of rhizomes distinguishes it as a rhizomatous species. Additionally, the spurred anterior petal, rather than just a pouched one, sets it apart. Furthermore, the leaves of Viola cunninghamii are rounded, contrasting with the lanceolate or oblong leaves found in other similar species.[2]
Distribution and habitat
editViola cunninghamii possesses a widespread Oceanic distribution, where it can be found in New Zealand, Tasmania and the Chatham Islands.[4] The species inhabits elevated mountain habitats such as alpine herbfields, grasslands, and grassy heaths.[2]
References
edit- ^ "Viola cunninghamii Hook.f." Museum of New Zealand. 2021-06-01. Retrieved 2021-06-01.
- ^ a b c d Rschahinger (2013-01-07). "Viola cunninghamii Threatened Flora of Tasmania". Tasmanian Government Natural Values Atlas. Retrieved 2023-01-06.
- ^ "Viola cunninghamii". New Zealand Plant Conservation Network. 2023-06-01. Retrieved 2023-06-01.
- ^ "Viola cunninghamii Hook.f." Plants of the World Online Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew. 2023-06-01. Retrieved 2023-06-01.