The Vista Ridge Tunnels are highway tunnels through the Tualatin Mountains ("West Hills") of Portland, Oregon, United States. Located in the Goose Hollow neighborhood,[1] the tunnels pass through a hillside locally known as Vista Ridge which is a half mile (1 km) west of downtown Portland. Sunset Highway, also known as U.S. Route 26, is carried through the tunnels, three lanes in each direction. They are Oregon's busiest tunnels.
 The east end of the Vista Ridge Tunnels face downtown Portland and pass under a residential neighborhood. | |
| Overview | |
|---|---|
| Location | Portland, Oregon, USA |
| Coordinates | 45°30′57″N 122°41′57″W / 45.5158°N 122.6991°W (west) 45°30′56″N 122°41′41″W / 45.5156°N 122.6948°W (east) |
| Status | operational |
| Route |  US 26 |
| Operation | |
| Opened | 1969–1970 |
| Owner | Oregon Department of Transportation |
| Traffic | Automotive |
| Character | Limited access highway |
| Technical | |
| No. of lanes | 6 (3 in each bore) |
| Operating speed | 50 mph (80 km/h) |
Design
editThe eastbound tunnel is 1001 feet (305 m) in length; the westbound tunnel is 949 feet (289 m). Both have 41 ft (12.5 m) of horizontal and 15.58 ft (4.75 m) of vertical clearance. The eastbound tunnel was completed in 1969, the westbound a year later.[2][3]
There is a six-percent grade through the tunnels. Most of the tunnels' lengths are straight, though they curve southward at the west ends 35°.[4]
The tunnels were built with ventilation shafts which were never used. Instead, the shafts were later adapted for electrical wiring, so as to improve tunnel illumination without marring the tunnels' appearance with visible conduit.[5]
To improve tunnel safety for motorists, and decrease the tunnel lighting requirements, the original tunnel entrance faces were sandblasted to remove white paint and repainted a less luminescent tan color to reduce the range of visual light adaptation required by drivers. At one time there were computer-based electronic light controls, but they were replaced by relatively simple photo detectors and relays for durability and simplicity. The night lighting level is enabled permanently and is supplemented by two or three levels of daytime lighting.[5]
Geography
editExcept directly over the tunnels, the hillsides are steep and undeveloped forest, with some residential development along the top of the ridges. Landslides occasionally occur, but are usually minor and quickly cleared.[6]
The tunnels are located nearly at the bottom of a hill where the road gradient averages 6.5% over 2.25 mi (3.6 km). Close to the east portals is a 130-foot (40 m) tunnel underpass carrying SW 18th Avenue. Just outside the west portals is a 650-foot (200 m) tunnel under the lanes which carries eastbound Canyon Road[7] from the exit ramp into Goose Hollow. The Robertson Tunnel for MAX Light Rail is underground approximately 800 feet (250 m) to the west.
History
editThe tunnels have been closed to hazardous material transport since November 1, 1994.[8] As a result, US 26 is closed to hazardous material transport between I-405 and Oregon Route 217.
An electronic sign giving motorists real-time information on travel times to Highway 217 under current conditions, and other messages as needed, was installed above the east portal of the westbound tunnel in June 2017[9] and was activated in August 2018.[10]
The tunnel's internal lighting was upgraded to LED in July 2020. The replacement lights use about half the electricity of the previous high pressure sodium vapor bulbs and require replacement every 15-20 years instead of every two to four years.[11] The LEDs have a color temperature of 4000 K.[12]
Traffic volume
editThey are the busiest tunnels in Oregon,[13] 12% busier than I-5's 6-lane Interstate Bridge, and 2% busier than I-205's 8+ lane Glenn L. Jackson Memorial Bridge.[14]
| Year | Average Daily Traffic Volume |
|---|---|
| 1986 | 102,300[15] |
| 1996 | 128,700[16] or 142,950[17] |
| 2000 | 134,400[18] |
| 2005 | 139,325[19] |
| 2010 | 138,369[19] |
| 2015 | 142,400[20] |
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Prince, Tracy J. (2011). Portland's Goose Hollow. Charleston, South Carolina: Arcadia Publishing. p. 2. ISBN 978-0-7385-7472-1.
- ^ "Vista Ridge Tunnel (#9103+047+07353)". Historic Bridges of the United States. Retrieved 2007-07-30.
- ^ Updated August 1999 by Rosalind Keeney, ODOT Cultural Resource Specialist; Revised September 2002 by Robert W. Hadlow, Ph.D., ODOT Historian (September 2002). "Appendix A: Highway Tunnels of Oregon" (PDF). Oregon Department of Transportation. Retrieved 2007-08-04.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ Determined by rotating satellite image with Photoshop.
- ^ a b Jim Degnan, P.E. (October 2005). "Tunnel Lighting" (PDF). Roads and Bridges. Sparling electrical engineering and technology consulting. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-09-28. Retrieved 2007-08-04.
- ^ "News Release: Landslide Repair Work Closes Westbound U.S. 26". Oregon Department of Transportation. April 13, 2007. Retrieved 2007-08-04. [dead link]
- ^ Before the Sunset Highway was built, the two lane Canyon Road extended into Goose Hollow. Street signs near the Vista Bridge indicate the junction of SW Jefferson Street and SW Canyon Road.
- ^ "Transportation of Hazardous Materials; Designated, Preferred, and Restricted Routes". Federal Register: December 4, 2000 (Volume 65, Number 233). U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration. December 4, 2000. pp. 75771–75816. Archived from the original on April 10, 2007. Retrieved July 30, 2007.
- ^ Stein, Rosemarie (June 2, 2017). "Portland Metro Friday Traffic: U.S. 26 closes in both directions tonight from I-405 to Sylvan". The Oregonian. Archived from the original on August 15, 2019. Retrieved 2019-08-15.
- ^ "ODOT activates new RealTime signs on Highway 26, Tualatin Valley Highway". KATU. August 13, 2018. Archived from the original on August 15, 2019. Retrieved 2019-08-15.
- ^ "Night lane closures for the Vista Ridge Tunnel". ODOT. July 9, 2020. Retrieved August 4, 2020.
- ^ "Region 1 LED Replacement Pilot". ODOT. Retrieved August 4, 2020.
- ^ Oregon Department of Transportation—Bridge Engineering Section (April 2007). "2008-2011 Draft Statewide Transportation Improvement Program—Evaluation of the State Bridge Program" (PDF). pp. 26 (25 on page). Retrieved 2012-11-26.
- ^ Glenn L. Jackson Memorial Bridge carries 137,000 average daily traffic; the Interstate Bridge, 124,500. Obtained 2004 values from "Average Daily Traffic on Oregon's Interstate Highways 1954–2004" (PDF). Oregon Department of Transportation. May 10, 2006. pp. 2, 4. Retrieved 2007-08-29.
- ^ Oregon Department of Transportation (1987). "1986 Traffic Volumes on State Highways" (PDF). p. 50. Retrieved 2012-11-26.
- ^ Oregon Department of Transportation (2004-10-27). "1996 Traffic Volumes on State Highways" (PDF). p. 83. Retrieved 2012-11-26.
- ^ This value is an average of week day usage for May; the ODOT value is a year long average. Oregon Transportation Institute (November 5, 1999). "Analysis of the Westside Corridor Travel Study—Did Westside Light Rail Really Reduce Traffic Volumes?". Archived from the original on 2008-02-13. Retrieved 2007-08-04.
- ^ Oregon Department of Transportation (2004-10-28). "2000 Traffic Volumes on State Highways" (PDF). p. 84. Retrieved 2012-11-25.
- ^ a b Oregon Department of Transportation (2015-09-10). "2014 Traffic Volumes on State Highways" (PDF). pp. 291 (289 on page). Retrieved 2016-03-27.
- ^ Oregon Department of Transportation (2016-09-01). "2015 Traffic Volumes on State Highways" (PDF). pp. 83 (79 on page). Retrieved 2017-03-22.