Wyatt Tate Brady (January 20, 1870 – August 29, 1925) was an American merchant, politician, former Ku Klux Klan member, and a founder of Tulsa, Oklahoma.
Tate Brady | |
|---|---|
 Wyatt Tate Brady | |
| Born | January 20, 1870 Forest City, Missouri, U.S. |
| Died | August 29, 1925 (aged 55) Tulsa, Oklahoma, U.S. |
| Resting place | Oaklawn Cemetery, Tulsa, Oklahoma |
| Occupation(s) | Merchant, entrepreneur, politician |
| Known for | Founder of Tulsa, Member of Oklahoma Bar Association, Klansman, Chairman United Confederate Veterans 28th Annual Reunion |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Spouse | Rachel Davis |
| Children | 5 |
Early life
editIn 1895, Brady married Rachel Davis, who was a member of a prominent Cherokee family. After the marriage, Brady was adopted into the Cherokee tribe and became a strong advocate for their tribal claims against Washington.[1]
Career
editFounding Tulsa
editIn 1896, Brady and other prominent businessmen signed the charter to officially incorporate Tulsa in Indian Territory. Following the 1901 discovery of the Red Fork oil field, Brady began construction on the Brady Hotel in 1902. The hotel opened in 1903, taking advantage of the oil boom by providing a hotel for oil executives.[1] The 1905 discovery of the Glenn Pool further boosted the hotels popularity.[2] It also served as a meeting ground for the Democratic Party.[1]
In March 1905, Brady traveled the country on a train with about 100 civic leaders, a band, and Will Rogers to promote the city of Tulsa.[2]
State politics
editAfter statehood, he was named to the Democratic National Committee in 1907.[1] He supported many early Governors such as Charles N. Haskell and Robert L. Williams.[3][1]
Tulsa Outrage
editIn the lead up to the Tulsa Outrage, Brady served as a member of the Tulsa Home Guard. On November 6, 1917, Brady physically assaulted the owner of the Hotel Fox, E. L. Fox, for renting to the Industrial Workers of the World. Brady is believed to have led a Knights of Liberty attack against IWW members during on November 9, 1917.[3][2]
Tulsa race massacre of 1921
editBrady served as a night watchman during the 1921 Tulsa race massacre. He reportedly witnessed "five dead negroes" with one being dragged behind an automobile, with a rope about his neck, throughout the business district. After the massacre, Brady was appointed to the Tulsa Real Estate Exchange Commission which was tasked with assessing the property damage from the massacre. The commission planned to expand railroads in the area to segregate white and black parts of town writing "We further believe that the two races being divided by an industrial section will draw more distinctive lines between them and thereby eliminate the intermingling of the lower elements of the two races." The commission's plans were halted by the Supreme Court of Oklahoma.[2]
Ku Klux Klan activities
editIn 1918, Brady helped bring the Sons of Confederate Veterans 28th Annual Reunion to Tulsa, with Nathan Bedford Forrest II serving as the keynote speaker.[2]
In 1923, the Klan, established as the Tulsa Benevolent Society, paid $200,000 for the construction of a large "Klavern" or gathering hall that could seat 3,000 members. It was finished as Beno Hall on land owned by Brady.[2]
At a 1923 military tribunal, Brady stated that he, like his father before him, had been a member of the Klan but he had quit the Klan in 1922.[2][4]
Death
editBrady died by suicide on August 29, 1925, by shooting himself in the temple. He was said to be despondent over the death of his son, John Davis Brady, who was killed in a car accident in the spring of 1925 while studying law at the University of Virginia.[1]
Legacy
editEponym
editBrady was commemorated for his part in the founding of Tulsa with numerous locations named after him in Tulsa including: Brady Hotel (demolished 1975), Brady Street (renamed M. B. Brady Street in 2013 and Reconciliation Way in 2019), Brady Heights (renamed The Heights in 2021), Brady Theatre (renamed Tulsa Theater in 2019), Brady Mansion (renamed Skyline Mansion in 2016), and the Brady Arts District (renamed Tulsa Arts District in 2017).
In 1975, the Brady Hotel was demolished after a fire.[5]
A controversy arose in 2013 over the appropriateness of naming a street for Brady, because of his membership in the Klan.[6] On August 15, 2013, the Tulsa City Council voted 7–1 to change Brady Street to MB Brady Street to honor Mathew B. Brady, a famed Civil War photographer. M. B. Brady had no ties to Tulsa or Oklahoma. They also voted to add honorary signs that read "Reconciliation Way" around the Inner Dispersal Loop.[7]
Brady built a mansion known as "Arlington" that was patterned after the ancestral home of the Lee family in Virginia. It later became known as Brady Mansion.[1] The mansion was bought by former NFL first-round draft pick and Tulsa native, Felix Jones, in 2016 and is now known as Skyline Mansion. It can be seen on the cover of Fire in Little Africa, a groundbreaking album released in May 2021 on Motown's sub-label Black Forum. The album consists of original material that was written and recorded by a collective of Oklahoma hip hop artists to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the Tulsa race massacre, which W. Tate Brady took part in organizing, and was recorded over a five-day period in March 2020. Studios were set up at the Greenwood Cultural Center and at the Skyline Mansion.[8]
In September 2017, the Brady Arts District Business Association voted to change the name of the district, north of downtown, to the Tulsa Arts District in order to sever ties completely with the street's original namesake.[6]
In 2018, the Tulsa City Council voted to rename "Mathew Brady Street" to "Reconciliation Way".[9] On December 6, 2018, the Brady Theater (formerly Tulsa Convention Hall and Tulsa Municipal Theater) announced that it is changing its name to The Tulsa Theater in 2019.[10]
In September 2021, Brady Heights voted to rename itself "The Heights."[9]
Monuments
editTate Brady formerly had a star bearing his name outside the Cain's Ballroom (Brady had the original building built as a garage) until 2020 when the owners had the star removed.[11]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f g "Brady, Wyatt Tate | The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture". www.okhistory.org. Retrieved August 19, 2021.
- ^ a b c d e f g Chapman, Lee Roy (April 18, 2012). "The Nightmare of Dreamland". This Land Press. Retrieved April 17, 2021.
- ^ a b Hopkins, Randy (October 26, 2020). "Birthday of the Klan: The Tulsa Outrage of 1917". CfPS. Retrieved March 28, 2021.
- ^ August 1923, Testimonies transcripts from the Oklahoma military tribunal, Western Heritage Collection, papers of Governor Jack Walton, University of Oklahoma Libraries, Norman, Oklahoma.
- ^ Curtis, Gene (January 23, 2005). "Historic hotel destroyed by fire". Tulsa World. Retrieved July 21, 2022.
- ^ a b Wade, Jarrel (September 22, 2017). "Business association makes surprise vote to rename Brady Arts District, throwing out previous finalists". Tulsa World. Retrieved August 19, 2021.
- ^ Bryan, Emory (August 16, 2013). "City Council Renames Brady Street After Another Famous Brady". Tulsa, OK: KOTV. Retrieved August 16, 2013.
- ^ "Motown's Black Forum Label Revisits the Past Through Hip-Hop's Future on 'Fire in Little Africa' Album". Billboard. April 5, 2021. Retrieved April 7, 2021.
- ^ a b Overall, Michael (September 10, 2021). "Brady Heights no more: Historic Tulsa neighborhood votes to change its name". Tulsa World. Retrieved July 21, 2022.
- ^ Bell, Megan (December 6, 2018). "Brady Theater announces name change to The Tulsa Theater". KTUL. Retrieved August 19, 2021.
- ^ Tramel, Jimmie (June 27, 2020). "Tate Brady's name removed from 'walk of fame' outside Cain's Ballroom". Tulsa World. Retrieved July 21, 2022.