The Wallace House is a Georgian style historic house, which served as the headquarters of General George Washington during the second Middlebrook encampment (1778–79), located at 38 Washington Place, Somerville, Somerset County, New Jersey, United States. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 2, 1970.[4]
Wallace House | |
 Wallace House, 2018 | |
  Wallace House  Wallace House  Wallace House | |
| Location | 38 Washington Place Parking: 71 Somerset Street[2] Somerville, New Jersey |
|---|---|
| Coordinates | 40°34′8″N 74°37′19″W / 40.56889°N 74.62194°W |
| Area | 1.5 acres (0.61 ha) |
| Built | 1776 |
| NRHP reference No. | 70000395[1] |
| NJRHP No. | 2584[3] |
| Significant dates | |
| Added to NRHP | December 2, 1970 |
| Designated NJRHP | September 11, 1970 |
History
editJacob Rutsen Hardenbergh, a Dutch Reformed minister who lived in the nearby Old Dutch Parsonage, sold a small farmhouse and 95 acres (38 ha) of land to John Wallace, who was a merchant and fabric importer in Philadelphia. In 1775 and 1776, Wallace bought 12 acres (4.9 ha) more land, and in 1776 built an eight-room Georgian mansion next to the farmhouse. Wallace named the estate "Hope Farm," and planned to retire there.[5][6]
The Continental Army camped in the Watchung Mountains at Middlebrook, 3 miles (4.8 km) from Hope Farm during the winter of 1778–79. The Wallace House became George Washington's headquarters, though he only stayed there for 11 days before leaving to attend the Continental Congress in Philadelphia for 6 weeks. Washington returned in February 1779 bringing his wife Martha. The Washingtons were given use of half the house. He then used the house to host foreign dignitaries and official dinners, and to plan military strategy. In particular, he planned the 1779 campaign against the Iroquois League known as the Sullivan Expedition. Guests at the parties included Benedict Arnold, Nathanael Greene, Alexander Hamilton, Henry Knox, and Baron Steuben.[7]
Washington left on June 3, 1779, and paid Wallace $1,000. The Wallace family and their slaves then returned to their normal lives in the house.
John Wallace, his wife, and his mother-in-law all died in 1783–84, and his youngest son William inherited Hope Farm. William lived there until he died at age 33 in 1796, leaving three orphan children. William's brother Joshua took care of the children and sold Hope Farm to Dickinson Miller in 1801.[6]
The Revolutionary Memorial Society bought the house in 1896, and gave it to the State of New Jersey in 1947.
See also
edit
- Other houses used as headquarters during the second Middlebrook encampment (1778–79):
- Van Veghten House – General Nathanael Greene
- Van Horne House – General William Alexander, Lord Stirling
- Staats House – General Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben
- Jacobus Vanderveer House – General Henry Knox
References
edit- ^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. March 13, 2009.
- ^ "Historic Sites: Wallace House". Somerset County Tourism.
- ^ "New Jersey and National Registers of Historic Places – Somerset County" (PDF). New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection – Historic Preservation Office. February 12, 2018. p. 13.
- ^ Tomaszewski, Charlotte (December 2, 1970). "NRHP Nomination: Wallace House". National Park Service.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) "Accompanying 1 photo, from 1970".{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ "Virtual Tours: Wallace House/ Old Dutch Parsonage". New Jersey Division of Parks and Forestry.
- ^ a b "The Old Dutch Parsonage & Wallace House: Wallace House". New Jersey Division of Parks and Forestry.
- ^ Historic American Buildings Survey - data p.2.
External links
edit- The Wallace House and Old Dutch Parsonage Association – official website
- Virtual Tour Wallace House and Old Dutch Parsonage, New Jersey Division of Parks and Forestry. Retrieved February 3, 2012.
- Historic American Buildings Survey (HABS) No. NJ-20, "Wallace House, Washington Place, Somerville, Somerset County, NJ", 5 photos, 14 measured drawings, 4 data pages, supplemental material