Xylander may refer to:
- Emil Ritter und Edler von Xylander (1835–1910), Bavarian general
- Wilhelm Xylander (1532–1576), German classical scholar
- Joseph Ritter und Edler von Xylander (1794–1854), Bavarian general
- Oskar Ritter und Edler von Xylander (1856–1940), Bavarian general
- Wolf-Dietrich Ritter und Edler von Xylander (1903–1945), German general