Yamal-102 (Russian: Ямал-102) was a geostationary communications satellite operated by Gazkom and built by RSC Energia.[1] It was, along with Yamal-101 the first communications satellite of the Yamal programme and the first iteration of the USP Bus.[2][3] It was a 1,360 kg (3,000 lb) satellite with 2200 watts of power (1300 watts available for the payload) on an unpressurized bus.[4] It had eight SPT-70 electric thrusters by OKB Fakel for station keeping.[5] Its payload was 12 C-band equivalent transponders supplied by Space Systems/Loral.[6]
| Names | Ямал-102 Yamal-101 (after launch) Yamal-100 KA-1 |
|---|---|
| Mission type | Communications |
| Operator | Gazprom Space Systems |
| COSPAR ID | 1999-047B |
| SATCAT no. | 25897 |
| Website | https://www.gazprom-spacesystems.ru |
| Mission duration | 12 years (planned) 11 years, 2 months (achieved) |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Spacecraft | Yamal-102 |
| Spacecraft type | Yamal-100 |
| Bus | USP Bus |
| Manufacturer | RSC Energia (bus) Space Systems/Loral (payload) |
| Launch mass | 1,360 kg (3,000 lb) |
| Power | 2200 watts |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | 6 September 2009, 16:36:00 UTC |
| Rocket | Proton-K / Blok DM-2M |
| Launch site | Baikonur, Site 81/23 |
| Contractor | Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center |
| Entered service | November 1999 |
| End of mission | |
| Disposal | Graveyard orbit |
| Deactivated | 9 August 2010 |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Geocentric orbit |
| Regime | Geostationary orbit |
| Longitude | 90° East |
| Transponders | |
| Band | 12 C-band |
| Coverage area | Russia |
History
editIt was launched along Yamal-101 on 6 September 1999 at 16:36:00 UTC from Baikonur Site 81/23 by a Proton-K / Blok DM-2M directly to geostationary orbit.[7][8] While its twin Yamal-101 failed, Yamal-102 successfully deployed and was commissioned into service.[1][9] On 9 August 2010, it was decommissioned and sent to a graveyard orbit. The satellite lasted 11 years and 2 months, a bit short of the design life of 12 years.[4][7]
Rename to Yamal-101
editRight after solar panel deployment Yamal-101 failed irreparably. Thus, Gazprom Space Systems registered Yamal-102 as Yamal-101. This has caused significant confusion but the records are clear that the satellite that failed was, in fact, the original Yamal-101.[9][10]
See also
edit
- Yamal 101 – Twin satellite that was launched together and failed at separation
- Yamal – Communication satellite family operated by Gazprom Space Systems
- Gazprom Space Systems – Satellite communication division of the Russian oil giant Gazprom
- USP Bus – The satellite bus on which Yamal-101 is based
- RSC Energia – The designer and manufacturer of the Yamal-101 satellite
References
edit- ^ a b Zak, Anatoly (21 April 2016). "Yamal communication satellites". RussiaSpaceWeb.com. Retrieved 20 July 2016.
- ^ a b "Universal Space Platform". RSC Energia. Archived from the original on 17 June 2016. Retrieved 20 July 2016.
- ^ Krebs, Gunter Dirk (16 October 2015). "RKK Energiya: USP (Victoria)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 20 July 2016.
- ^ Krebs, Gunter Dirk (11 December 2017). "Yamal-101, -102". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 25 April 2021.
- ^ "Yamal 101". SatBeams. Retrieved 25 April 2021.