Yamanlar (Kurdish: Erdê;[nb 1] Syriac: Yardo, lit. 'spring water')[3][nb 2] is a village in the Gercüş District of Batman Province in Turkey.[6] The village is populated by Kurds of the Arnas tribe and had a population of 224 in 2021.[1][7] It is located in the historic region of Tur Abdin.[8]
Yamanlar | |
|---|---|
  Yamanlar Location in Turkey | |
| Coordinates: 37°32′49″N 41°27′40″E / 37.547°N 41.461°E | |
| Country | Turkey |
| Province | Batman |
| District | Gercüş |
| Population (2021)[1] | 224 |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (TRT) |
History
editYardo (today called Yamanlar) was historically inhabited by Syriac Orthodox Assyrians.[2] In 1914, it was inhabited by 250 Assyrians, according to the list presented to the Paris Peace Conference by the Assyro-Chaldean delegation.[9] It was located in the kaza of Midyat.[9] There were 70 Assyrian families and 30 Kurdish families in 1915.[10]
Amidst the Sayfo, the local Kurdish chiefs Osman Tammero and Sleyman Shamdin conspired to deceive the Assyrians at Yardo with a mutual agreement to not harm each other and subsequently one day they lured some of them out of the village under the guise of tackling cattle thieves.[3] However, after they had reached some distance from the village, the Assyrian village headman, Malke Khatun, saw the Kurds enter Yardo and realised their intention to ambush the Assyrians upon their return and thus they took refuge at a nearby ruined fortress and demanded the release of the Assyrian villagers who the Kurds had taken captive.[3] The villagers were released and joined the others at the ruined fortress, but the Assyrians were then attacked by the Kurds as they all proceeded to ‘Ayn-Wardo and only forty women and children survived who were taken captive to be kept as slaves in Muslim households.[3]
The population was 507 in 1960.[5] There were 110 Kurdish-speaking Christians in thirty families in 1960.[5] Assyrians at Yardo emigrated to Germany in the late 20th century.[11] By 1987, there were 16 Assyrian families at Yardo.[12] There was only one remaining Assyrian family in 1999.[11] In 2013, there were two Assyrians at Yardo in one family.[11]
References
editNotes
Citations
- ^ a b "31 ARALIK 2021 TARİHLİ ADRESE DAYALI NÜFUS KAYIT SİSTEMİ (ADNKS) SONUÇLARI" (XLS). TÜİK (in Turkish). Retrieved 16 December 2022.
- ^ a b Jongerden & Verheij (2012), p. 321.
- ^ a b c d Gaunt (2006), p. 269.
- ^ Barsoum (2008), p. 15; Jongerden & Verheij (2012), p. 321.
- ^ a b c Ritter (1967), p. 11.
- ^ "Türkiye Mülki İdare Bölümleri Envanteri". T.C. İçişleri Bakanlığı (in Turkish). Retrieved 19 December 2022.
- ^ Tan (2018), p. 177.
- ^ Barsoum (2008), p. 15.
- ^ a b Gaunt (2006), p. 427.
- ^ Courtois (2004), p. 226; Gaunt (2006), p. 269.
- ^ a b c Courtois (2013), p. 149.
- ^ Courtois (2004), p. 226.
Bibliography
edit- Barsoum, Aphrem (2008). The History of Tur Abdin. Translated by Matti Moosa. Gorgias Press. Retrieved 1 April 2021.
- Courtois, Sébastien de (2004). The Forgotten Genocide: Eastern Christians, The Last Arameans. Translated by Vincent Aurora. Gorgias Press.
- Courtois, Sébastien de (2013). "Tur Abdin : Réflexions sur l'état présent descommunautés syriaques du Sud-Est de la Turquie,mémoire, exils, retours". Cahier du Gremmamo (in French). 21: 113–150.
- Gaunt, David (2006). Massacres, Resistance, Protectors: Muslim-Christian Relations in Eastern Anatolia during World War I. Gorgias Press. Retrieved 21 May 2023.
- Jongerden, Joost; Verheij, Jelle (2012). Social Relations in Ottoman Diyarbekir, 1870-1915. Brill.
- Ritter, Hellmut (1967). Turoyo: Die Volkssprache der Syrischen Christen des Tur 'Abdin (in German). Vol. 1. Franz Steiner Verlag.
- Tan, Altan (2018). Turabidin'den Berriye'ye. Aşiretler - Dinler - Diller - Kültürler (in Turkish). ISBN 9789944360944.