Yeltsovka (Russian: Ельцовка) may refer to several places in Russia:
- Yeltsovka Airport, near Novosibirsk
- Yeltsovka (Ob), a minor tributary of the Ob near Novosibirsk
- rural localities in Altai Krai:
- Yeltsovka, Shipunovsky District, Altai Krai, a selo in Yeltsovsky Selsoviet of Shipunovsky District
- Yeltsovka, Troitsky District, Altai Krai, a selo in Khayryuzovsky Selsoviet of Troitsky District
- Yeltsovka, Ust-Kalmansky District, Altai Krai, a selo in Kabanovsky Selsoviet of Ust-Kalmansky District
- Yeltsovka, Yeltsovsky District, Altai Krai, a selo in Yeltsovsky Selsoviet of Yeltsovsky District