Zahir is an Arabic surname. Notable people with the surname include:
- Abdul Zahir (Afghan Prime Minister) (1910–1983), former prime minister of Afghanistan
- Abdul Zahir (Guantanamo Bay detainee 753) (born 1972), Guantanamo Bay detainee
- Ahmad Zahir (1946–1979), Singer from Afghanistan
- Mohommad Zahir (born 1953), Guantanamo Bay detainee
- Mohamed Zahir (born c. 1950), Chief of Staff of the Republic of Maldives National Defence Force