"Zangaléwa" is a 1986 song by Cameroonian makossa group Golden Sounds,[1] later known as "Zangalewa" after the success of the song. The band's members were Jean Paul Zé Bella, Victor Dooh Belley, Emile Kojidie, and Annie Anzouer.
| "Zangaléwa" | |
|---|---|
| Song by Golden Sounds | |
| from the album Zangalewa | |
| Language |
|
| Released | 1986 |
| Genre | Makossa |
| Composer(s) |
|
Background
edit"Zangalewa" was the title track of a 1986 album by Golden Sounds. The band consisted of Jean Paul Zé Bella, Victor Dooh Belley, and Emile Kojidie, who were members of the presidential guard of Cameroon, along with Annie Anzouer.[2] According to Zé Bella, the lead singer, the chorus came "from Cameroonian sharpshooters who had created a slang for better communication between them during the Second World War", and the band initially recreated the fast pace of military communication in their first arrangements of the song.[3]
The lyrics of the chorus are directed toward a soldier. The titular lyric is from either "Za engalomwa" in the Fang language, which means "Who sent you?" or "Za anga loé wa" in the Ewondo language, which means "Who called you?"[4][5] The lyrics include several other languages of Cameroon, including French, Douala, and Cameroonian Pidgin English.[6]
In performances of the song, the band often dresses in military uniforms. They wear pith helmets and stuff their clothes to give the appearance of being well-off as a satire of black soldiers who had collaborated with oppressive white officers.[7] The music video depicts a presidential guard parade. It gained a large viewership as it came out as television became common in Cameroon.[8]
Legacy
editSoon after the song's release, it was introduced to Colombia by West African DJs in Cartagena.[1] It was popularized under the name "The Military" and "El sacalengua" ("he who sticks out his tongue") by DJs fond of African music based in Barranquilla and Cartagena.[7]
The album Zangalewa was named "record of the year" in Cameroon, and in 1993 the Union of African National Television and Radio Organizations awarded it as the year's best African record. The band later changed its name to Zangalewa.[9]
The song is still used today in Africa by soldiers, policemen, boy scouts, sportsmen, and their supporters, usually during training or for rallying.[1] It is particularly popular in Cameroon, where it is used as a marching song or rallying cry.
Shakira interpolation
editThe song became popular worldwide when Shakira released a variant in tribute to African music, titled "Waka Waka (This Time For Africa)" ahead of the 2010 World Cup in South Africa.[10] Internet users, including Cindy Casares of the Latino culture blog Guanabee, noted the origin of the song, leading to rumours of plagiarism.[1][9] Zé Bella found out about Shakira's version from an acquaintance in France and from Kojidie, who was living in the United States. By then, Golden Sounds had disbanded and Zé Bella had retired.[2] In a 2010 interview with the Cameroon Tribune, he said that he was honored, "because Shakira is an icon of world music", while expressing that the band deserved royalties for the song.[3][1] Dooh and Zé Bella held a press conference in Douala on 11 May 2010 with their manager, Didier Edo, who had negotiated an out-of-court settlement with Sony Music. Shakira's version was not ruled as plagiarism.[9]
Other covers and samples
editThe first commercially released adaptation of the military song was "El negro no puede", written by Wilfrido Vargas and performed by Dominican group Las Chicas del Can, in 1982.[5]
According to Zé Bella, at least thirty artists made versions of the song, and it was used in an American movie.[3]
Artists who sampled or covered the song include:[citation needed]
- Beatmachine (Suriname) – Samina Mina
- Adane Best
- Los Condes
- Vic Nees
- Tom Pease in Daddy Starts To Dance! (1996)
- Trafassi (Suriname), El Negro No Puede (Waka Waka) (in the album "Tropicana (disc 1)" – 1997)
- Blacks à braque and the Tambours majeurs from the album Les Hauts de Rouen percutent...
- Laughing Pizza in Pizza Party (2004)
- Nakk in Zamina (2006)
- Zaman in Zamina (2006)
- Didier Awadi – Zamouna from the album Sunugaal (2008)
- Vampire Weekend – I'm Goin' Down (2010)
- Shakira, ft. Freshlyground - Waka Waka (This Time for Africa)
- BB DJ – Enfant Poli
- Mr. Tucker – Zamina Zamina Pele
- Massamba Diouf
- Selebobo – Zamina (2013)
References
edit- ^ a b c d e Mackey, Robert (24 May 2010). "Shakira Remixes African Hit for World Cup". The New York Times. Retrieved 7 June 2024.
- ^ a b Tande, Dibussi (26 April 2013). "Undermining African Intellectual and Artistic Rights: Shakira, Zangalewa & the 2010 World Cup Anthem". Bakwa Magazine. Retrieved 7 June 2024.
- ^ a b c "Les précisions de Jean Paul Zé Bella : «Il faut que les droits suivent »". Cameroon Tribune (in French). 4 August 2010. Archived from the original on 18 August 2010.
- ^ Cheb Terrab, Pablo (8 June 2010). "Zangalewa (de Camerún a Sudáfrica)". ESPN (in Spanish). Retrieved 7 June 2024.
- ^ a b "La historia tras el Waka Waka". El Universo. 12 June 2010. Retrieved 7 June 2024.
- ^ dj.henri (5 November 2020). "Anatomy of A Song: "Zangalewa" From African Protest into Multiplatinum Pop". Afropop Worldwide. Retrieved 7 June 2024.
- ^ a b "The global roots of South Africa's World Cup song". The Independent. 4 June 2010. Archived from the original on 7 May 2022. Retrieved 8 March 2020.
- ^ Houmfa, Mohamadou (13 May 2010). "Shakira used Cameroonian pop song for World Cup anthem… without asking". France 24.
- ^ a b c Onana, Bertin (12 May 2010). "Cameroun: «Affaire Shakira-Zangalewa»: Un accord a été conclu entre les deux parties". Journal du Cameroun (in French). Retrieved 7 June 2024.
- ^ "Zangalewa – the original song from which Waka Waka borrows chorus". World2010Cup.com. May 2010. Retrieved 2 May 2010.