Zechariah 13 is the thirteenth of the 14 chapters in the Book of Zechariah in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible.[1][2][3] This book contains the prophecies attributed to the prophet Zechariah, and is a part of the Book of the Twelve Minor Prophets.[4] This chapter is a part of a section (so-called "Second Zechariah") consisting of Zechariah 9–14.[5] Verses 1–6 may be a part of a section together with 12:1-14, whereas verses 7–9 is a separate part, forming a three-section "entity" with 14:1-21.[6]
| Zechariah 13 | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Book | Book of Zechariah |
| Category | Nevi'im |
| Christian Bible part | Old Testament |
| Order in the Christian part | 38 |
Text
editThe original text was written in the Hebrew language. This chapter is divided into 9 verses.
Textual witnesses
editSome early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in Hebrew are of the Masoretic Text, which includes the Codex Cairensis (from year 895), the Petersburg Codex of the Prophets (916), Aleppo Codex (930), and Codex Leningradensis (1008).[7][8]
There is also a translation into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint, made in the last few centuries BC. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include Codex Vaticanus (B; B; 4th century), Codex Sinaiticus (S; BHK: S; 4th century), Codex Alexandrinus (A; A; 5th century) and Codex Marchalianus (Q; Q; 6th century).[9]
Idolatry cut off (13:1–6)
editThese verses attack false prophecy, remarkably bracketing together 'the prophets and the unclean spirit'.[10] This section clearly alludes to Amos 7:14 concerning the denial of being a prophet by profession (as opposed to by divine call); also may allude to Deuteronomy 18:20–21 and Jeremiah 23:30–40 about the issue of 'distinguishing between true and false prophecy.'[11]
The smitten shepherd (13:7–9)
editThis part follows the previous one to emphasize that as 'the prophets will be unnecessary, the shepherds will also be unnecessary in the eschatological future, because God himself will take drastic action to restore his people. A connection to Zechariah 11:17 has been suggested due to the common theme of "sword" as well as allusions to Ezekiel 5:1–4 (verse 8) and Hosea 2:23 (verse 9d) are deemed plausible.[11]
Verse 7
edit- Awake, O sword, against my shepherd,
- and against the man that is my fellow,
- saith the Lord of hosts:
- and against the man that is my fellow,
- smite the shepherd,
- and the sheep shall be scattered:
- and I will turn mine hand upon the little ones.[12]
- and the sheep shall be scattered:
The medieval French rabbi Rashi interprets "shepherd" as "the one whom [God] appointed over the flock of [His] exile".[13] The Christian gospels pick up this verse, stating that Jesus referred to it in anticipating that his disciples would be scattered following his arrest.[14][15][16]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Collins 2014, p. 428.
- ^ Hayes 2015, Chapter 23.
- ^ Zechariah, Book of. Jewish Encyclopedia
- ^ Mason 1993, pp. 826–828.
- ^ Coogan 2007, p. 1357 Hebrew Bible.
- ^ Floyd 2000, p. 494.
- ^ Würthwein 1995, pp. 35–37.
- ^ Boda 2016, pp. 2–3.
- ^ Würthwein 1995, pp. 73–74.
- ^ Larkin 2007, p. 614.
- ^ a b Rogerson 2003, p. 728.
- ^ Zechariah 13:7 KJV
- ^ Rashi's Commentary on Zechariah 13:7
- ^ I shall strike the shepherd ... in Matthew 26:31, Mark 14:27 and, by allusion, in John 16:32
- ^ Notes on Zechariah 13:7 in NET Bible.
- ^ Notes on Matthew 26:31 in NKJV.
Sources
edit- Boda, Mark J. (2016). Harrison, R. K.; Hubbard, Jr, Robert L. (eds.). The Book of Zechariah. New International Commentary on the Old Testament. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. ISBN 978-0802823755.
- Collins, John J. (2014). Introduction to the Hebrew Scriptures. Fortress Press. ISBN 9781451469233.
- Coogan, Michael David (2007). Coogan, Michael David; Brettler, Marc Zvi; Newsom, Carol Ann; Perkins, Pheme (eds.). The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books: New Revised Standard Version, Issue 48 (Augmented 3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195288810.
- Floyd, Michael H. (2000). Minor Prophets, Part 2. Forms of the Old Testament Literature. Vol. 22. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. ISBN 978-0802844521.
- Hayes, Christine (2015). Introduction to the Bible. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0300188271.
- Larkin, Katrina J. A. (2007). "37. Zechariah". In Barton, John; Muddiman, John (eds.). The Oxford Bible Commentary (first (paperback) ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. 610–615. ISBN 978-0199277186. Retrieved February 6, 2019.
- Mason, Rex (1993). "Zechariah, The Book of.". In Metzger, Bruce M; Coogan, Michael D (eds.). The Oxford Companion to the Bible. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0195046458.
- Rogerson, John W. (2003). "Zechariah". In Dunn, James D. G.; Rogerson, John William (eds.). Eerdmans Commentary on the Bible (illustrated ed.). Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. pp. 721–729. ISBN 978-0802837110.
- Würthwein, Ernst (1995). The Text of the Old Testament. Translated by Rhodes, Erroll F. Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans. ISBN 0-8028-0788-7. Retrieved January 26, 2019.