43°29′29″S 172°42′19″E / 43.491389°S 172.705278°E
| 1981 World Masters Athletics Championships | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Dates | 7-14 January 1981 |
| Host city | Christchurch, New Zealand |
| Venue | Queen Elizabeth II Park |
 | |
| Level | Masters |
| Type | Outdoor |
| Participation | 2400 athletes from 44[1] nations |
← 1979 1983 → | |
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1981 World Masters Athletics Championships is the fourth in a series of World Masters Athletics Outdoor Championships (called World Veterans Championships, World Veterans Games, or World Veterans Track and Field Championships at the time) that took place in Christchurch, New Zealand, from 7 to 14 January 1981.[1] The turnout was better than expected, despite the remote location, [2]: 177 though no Eastern European or third world nations were represented. [3]: 1
The main venue was Queen Elizabeth II Park, [4]: 2 which was later destroyed by the 2011 Christchurch earthquake. A grass track outside the stadium was used to hold many running events. [5]: 9 [3]: 20
This edition of masters athletics Championships had a minimum age limit of 35 years for women and 40 years for men.
The governing body of this series is World Association of Veteran Athletes (WAVA). WAVA was formed during meeting at the inaugural edition of this series at Toronto in 1975, then officially founded during the second edition in 1977, then renamed as World Masters Athletics (WMA) at the Brisbane Championships in 2001. [6] [7]
This Championships was organized by WAVA in coordination with a Local Organising Committee (LOC) headed by John Macdonald. [1] John Macdonald also ran in the competition and successfully defended his M45 10K title from 1979. [2]: 177 [3]: 15
In addition to a full range of track and field events, [8] [9] non-stadia events included 10K Cross Country, 10K Race Walk (women), 20K Race Walk (men), and Marathon. Many distance runners also competed in 10K and 25K road races at the 14th Annual World Veterans Distance Running Championships held around Centennial Lagoon in Palmerston North on 3 - 4 January. [3]: 8–9 [5]: 3–5
Controversy
editIn 1976, the International Amateur Athletic Federation (IAAF) had expelled the Amateur Athletic Union of South Africa due to the apartheid policy of the South African government at that time. [10] The Gleneagles Agreement further prohibited South African athletes from participating in sports at Commonwealth member states such as New Zealand, [3]: 21 so South Africans were banned from this Championships. [11]: 936
About nine South Africans competed as representatives of 
HOL, 
BEL and 
USA;
[12]
they are shown with their native 
RSA flag in the Results Nationality column below.
[3]: 21
Demonstrations and violence occurred when the press reported the participation of South African athletes.
[3]: 1
[5]: 68
[13]: 21
At the Championships General Assembly, a motion to ban South African athletes from future WAVA activities was ruled "out of order" since the WAVA constitution states that membership is open to all men and women of eligible age.
[3]: 21
[5]: 2 : 68
WAVA did not expect such troubles at the next World Games scheduled for 1983 in San Juan, Puerto Rico, [3]: 31 but Puerto Rican politics eventually would make South African participation an issue as well. After the end of the apartheid system, South Africa officially rejoined IAAF in 1992. [14]
Results
editPast Championships results are archived at WMA. [15] Additional archives are available from Museum of Masters Track & Field [16] as a pdf book [4] and in pdf newsletters from World Association of Veteran Athletes [5] and from National Masters News. [3]
Several masters world records were set at this Championships. World records for 1981 are from the National Masters News newsletter[3]: 17 (length measurements are converted from feet to meters) unless otherwise noted. Among the notable performances, John Gilmour broke his own M60 WR for the 4th time, and the blind sprinter Fritz Assmy won the M65 100m and 200m, again guided by his son-in-law Klaus Hinrichsen as he was in 1979. [5]: 5 [3]: 15 : 17 A photograph of Assmy running with his son-in-law is included in the pdf book.[4]: 13
Women
edit| Event | Athlete(s) | Nationality | Performance |
|---|---|---|---|
| W60 100 Meters | Elizabeth Haule |  FRG
|
|
| W70 100 Meters | Bess James | USA
|
19.58
|
| W75 100 Meters | Irja Sarnama |  FIN
|
19.25
|
| W45 200 Meters | Irene Obera | USA
|
|
| W55 200 Meters | Kirsten Hveem |  NOR
|
30.59
|
| W60 200 Meters | Elizabeth Haule | FRG
|
33.62
|
| W70 200 Meters | Bess James | USA
|
45.11
|
| W75 200 Meters | Irja Sarnama | FIN
|
42.66
|
| W45 400 Meters | Colleen Mills |  NZL
|
|
| W55 400 Meters | Anne McKenzie[17] | RSA[18]
|
71.91
|
| W65 400 Meters | Winifred Reid[19] | RSA
|
79.66
|
| W70 400 Meters | Bess James | USA
|
96.65
|
| W75 400 Meters | Ruth Rothfarb | USA
|
2:03.50
|
| W55 800 Meters | Anne McKenzie[17] | RSA[18]
|
|
| W60 800 Meters | Britta Tibbling |  SWE
|
3:00.95
|
| W65 800 Meters | S.E. Pearce | NZL
|
3:34.62
|
| W70 800 Meters | Bess James | USA
|
3:53.34
|
| W75 800 Meters | Ruth Rothfarb | USA
|
4:30.08
|
| W70 1500 Meters | Bess James | USA
|
7:93.42
|
| W75 1500 Meters | Ruth Rothfarb | USA
|
8:47.78
|
| W45 5000 Meters | Maria Pia d'Orlando[5]: 44 |  ITA
|
|
| W45 10000 Meters | Dorothy Stock | USA
|
38:49.15
|
| W60 10000 Meters | E. Falke | FRG
|
50:13.84
|
| W65 10000 Meters | W. Kretschmer | FRG
|
55:20.8
|
| W70 10000 Meters | Ailsa Forbes | NZL
|
59:20.6
|
| W75 10000 Meters | Ruth Rothfarb | USA
|
1:01:56
|
| W50 5K Race Walk | M. Ohlsson | SWE
|
28:46.06
|
| W55 5K Race Walk | Marj Colthup |  AUS
|
30:48.20
|
| W60 5K Race Walk | Britta Tibbling | SWE
|
28:39.80
|
| W65 High Jump | Annchen Reile | FRG
|
|
| W65 Long Jump | Rosaline Sole[5]: 24 | NZL
|
3.40
|
| W75 Shot Put | Irja Sarnama[5]: 26 | FIN
|
6.90
|
| W45 Discus Throw | Odete Valentino Domingos[5]: 27 |  BRA
|
48.24
|
| W65 Discus Throw | Annchen Reile[5]: 27 | FRG
|
26.54
|
| W75 Discus Throw | Irja Sarnama[5]: 27 | FIN
|
15.26
|
| W45 Javelin Throw | A. Brommel[5]: 28 | FRG
|
43.16
|
| W50 Javelin Throw | S. White[5]: 28 | AUS
|
36.22
|
| W75 Javelin Throw | Irja Sarnama | FIN
|
18.27
|
Men
edit| Event | Athlete(s) | Nationality | Performance |
|---|---|---|---|
| M65 200 Meters | Fritz Assmy[5]: 5 : 11 [3]: 17 [20]: 17 [4]: 18 | FRG
|
|
| M55 800 Meters | Frank Evans | NZL
|
|
| M60 800 Meters | John Gilmour[5]: 5 | AUS
|
|
| M60 800 Meters | George McGrath[21][5]: 5 [4]: 17 | AUS
|
2:17.54
|
| M70 80 Meters Hurdles | W. Bigelow | USA
|
84.09
|
| M70 3000 Meters Steeplechase | W. Bigelow | USA
|
14:34.54
|
| M75 Long Jump | Gulab Singh[5]: 24 |  IND
|
4.27
|
| M65 Triple Jump | Ian Hume[5]: 25 |  CAN
|
10.66
|
| M75 Triple Jump | Gulab Singh[5]: 25 | IND
|
8.72
|
| M50 High Jump | John C. Brown | USA
|
|
| M75 Discus Throw | V. Anderson[5]: 27 | SWE
|
35.58
|
References
edit- ^ a b c "Outdoor". World Masters Athletics.
- ^ a b Olson, Leonard T. (Nov 29, 2000). Masters Track and Field: A History. McFarland. ISBN 0786408898.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "Special 4th World Veterans Games Issue" (PDF). National Masters News. Museum of Masters Track & Field. February 1981.
- ^ a b c d e "4th World Veteran Championships" (PDF). Museum of Masters Track & Field.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u "The Fourth World Association of Athletes Track & Field Championships" (PDF). The World Association of Veteran Athletes Newsletter 4. World Association of Veteran Athletes. March 1981.
- ^ "WORLD MASTERS (VETERANS) CHAMPIONSHIPS (MEN)". gbrathletics.com. Athletics Weekly.
- ^ Kusy, Krzysztof; Zieliński, Jacek (January 2006). Parzy, Wiesława (ed.). Masters athletics. Social, biological and practical aspects of veterans sport. Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego w Poznaniu/Poznan University of Physical Education. p. 56. ISBN 83-88923-69-2.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ Martin Gasselsberger. "WMA World Masters Athletics RULES OF COMPETITION". Masters Athletics.
- ^ "World Masters Athletic Championships". Wellington Masters Athletics.
- ^ Robert Trumbull (July 23, 1976). "South Africa Expelled by Track Body". The New York Times.
- ^ Peter Limb. "The anti-apartheid movements in Australia and Aotearoa/New Zealand" (PDF). The Koori History Website.
- ^ "Register of Sports Contacts with South Africa, 1 September 1980 - 31 March 1981". Struggles for Freedom SOUTHERN AFRICA. United Nations (New York). May 1981.
- ^ "World Games Draw 1,935" (PDF). National Masters News. Museum of Masters Track & Field. November 1983.
- ^ "South Africa Track Gets Approval for Games : Olympics: IAAF's backing leaves all the country's sports in good standing for Barcelona". Associated Press. L.A. Times. May 30, 1992.
- ^ "Championships Outdoor". World Masters Athletics. Retrieved 2022-01-03.
- ^ "Results: World Outdoor Championships, Other Internationals". Museum of Masters Track & Field. Retrieved 2022-01-03.
- ^ a b Riël Hauman (July 30, 2014). "Obituary For South African Masters Legend Anne McKenzie Who Has Died At 88". Race Results Weekly.
- ^ a b Anne McKenzie was listed under
BEL flag in the results.
- ^ Winifred Reid was listed under
HOL flag in the results.
- ^ "AGE GROUP BESTS BY FIVE YEAR CATEGORIES" (PDF). The World Association of Veteran Athletes Newsletter 5. Museum of Masters Track & Field. July 1981.
- ^ George McGrath placed 2nd to John Gilmour in M60 800m