The year 2010 in Archosaur paleontology was eventful. Archosaurs include the only living dinosaur group — birds — and the reptile crocodilians, plus all extinct dinosaurs, extinct crocodilian relatives, and pterosaurs. Archosaur palaeontology is the scientific study of those animals, especially as they existed before the Holocene Epoch began about 11,700 years ago. The year 2010 in paleontology included various significant developments regarding archosaurs.
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This article records new taxa of fossil archosaurs of every kind that have been described during the year 2010, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to paleontology of archosaurs that occurred in the year 2010.
Newly named crurotarsans
editName | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
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Valid |
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Turonian/Santonian |
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Valid |
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A horned crocodile that preyed on early hominids |
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Valid |
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Paleocene |
A short-snouted dyrosaurid which had a generalist feeding strategy. It grew to lengths of about 7 feet. |
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Valid |
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Late Eocene |
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Valid |
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Bathonian |
A new genus for "Teleidosaurus" gaudryi (Collot, 1905). "Metriorhynchus" bathonicus (Mercier, 1933) is a second species of Eoneustes. |
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Valid |
|
Callovian/Kimmeridgian |
A new genus for "Metriorhynchus" leedsi (Andrews, 1913). "Metriorhynchus" acutus (Lennier, 1887) is a second species of Gracilineustes. |
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Valid |
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Late Eocene |
An early alligatorine. | ||||
Valid |
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Albian |
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Valid |
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Norian |
A phytosaur. |
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Valid |
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Late Carnian |
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Valid |
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Maastrichtian |
Originally described as a species of Theriosuchus; Tennant, Mannion & Upchurch (2016) transferred it to the genus Sabresuchus.[11] |
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Valid |
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Kimmeridgian |
A new genus for "Dakosaurus" carpenteri (Wilkinson et al., 2008) |
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Valid |
|
Eocene (Wasatchian) |
An early caiman. |
Newly named basal dinosauriforms
editName | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
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Valid |
Anisian |
A silesaurid, and the oldest known ornithodire. |
Newly named non-avian dinosaurs
edit- A new family of allosauroid theropods, Neovenatoridae, is published by Benson, Carrano, and Brusatte.[15]
- A new family of tyrannosauroid theropods, Proceratosauridae is published by Rauhut, Milner and Moore-Fay.[16]
62 new genera and additional 2 new species have been described in 2010.
Name | Status | Authors | Discovery year | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
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Valid |
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Hettangian |
A facultively quadrupedal prosauropod which displays transitional characters connecting more primitive obligate bipedal forms with the more derived obligative quadrupedal sauropodomorphs. |
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Valid |
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Albian |
A narrow toothed brachiosaurid whose remains include the first known cranial material of any Cretaceous sauropod from the Americas. |
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Valid |
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Santonian |
A coronosaurian ceratopsian. |
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Valid |
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?Aptian–Albian |
A second species of Archaeoceratops. |
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Nomen Dubium |
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Maastrichtian |
A Somphospondylan Sauropod known only from a single weakly heterocoelous tail vertebrae. Heterocoelous vertebrae are those where the centrum or body of a vertebra has saddle-shaped surface where it meets the vertebrae both in front and behind it. |
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Valid |
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Late Cretaceous |
A titanosaur |
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Valid |
|
2002[23] |
Maastrichtian |
A basal abelisauroid |
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Valid |
|
Maastrichtian |
An oviraptorid known from a skull with a striated crest. |
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Valid |
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Early Valanginian |
A new genus for "Iguanodon" dawsoni (Lydekker, 1888). |
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Valid |
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Aptian-Albian |
A giant ornithomimosaur. |
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Valid |
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Campanian |
A 30-foot tyrannosauroid known from the remains of both adults and juveniles. Previously considered a species of Daspletosaurus. |
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Valid |
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Late Maastrichtian |
A lambeosaurine hadrosaurid |
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Valid |
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Early Cretaceous |
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Valid |
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Late Triassic |
A guaibasaurid sauropodomorph |
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Valid |
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Early Jurassic |
A prosauropod. |
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Valid |
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Early Maastrichtian |
A chasmosaurine ceratopsid with the largest horns of any dinosaur currently known.[33] |
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Valid |
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Barremian |
A carcharodontosaurid with a pointed, hump-like crest near the hips and bumps on the ulnae that may be quill knobs. |
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Valid |
|
early 1960s[35] |
Lower Bathonian |
A large basal tetanuran known from scant remains. |
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Valid |
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Middle Campanian |
A centrosaurine ceratopsid. |
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Valid |
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Late Jurassic |
A titanosauriform sauropod |
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Valid |
|
late 1970s[38] |
Lower Tithonian |
A heterodontosaurid and the smallest known ornithischian dinosaur. |
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Valid |
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Barremian |
A titanosauriform sauropod. |
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Valid |
|
?lower Barremian |
A troodontid. |
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Valid |
|
Campanian |
A basal hadrosauroid |
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Valid |
2004[43] |
Oxfordian |
The most primitive known alvarezsauroid. |
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Valid |
|
A basal iguanodontian |
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Valid |
|
Early Valanginian |
A new genus for "Iguanodon" fittoni (Lydekker, 1889). |
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Junior synonym of Massospondylus |
|
Hettangian |
Originally interpreted as a distinct basal sauropodomorph, but now appears to be a misidentified juvenile Massospondylus specimen. |
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Valid |
|
?lower Barremian |
A basal iguanodontian |
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Valid |
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Turonian |
Basal hadrosauroid. |
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Valid |
|
Sinemurian/Pliensbachian |
A basal tetanuran |
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Valid |
|
Bathonian |
A tyrannosauroid |
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Valid |
|
Late Campanian |
A chasmosaurine ceratopsid. |
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Valid |
|
1848 |
Barremian |
A basal iguanodont, formerly classified as Iguanodon anglicus |
ñ | |||
Valid |
Campanian |
A dromaeosaurid |
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Valid |
|
Early Cretaceous |
A eusauropod. |
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Valid |
|
Late Cretaceous |
An ingeniine oviraptorid. |
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Valid |
|
Campanian |
A ceratopsid dinosaur. Initially considered to be a member of Chasmosaurinae, subsequently reinterpreted as a member of Centrosaurinae.[55] |
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Valid |
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Late Campanian |
A long-horned chasmosaurine ceratopsid. |
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Valid |
|
Late Cretaceous |
A chasmosaurine ceratopsid. |
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Valid |
|
Maastrichtian |
A titanosaur |
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Valid |
|
Campanian-Maastrichtian |
An aeolosaurini titanosaur |
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Valid |
|
Santonian |
A small bird-like paravian estimated to reach slightly more than two feet in length. |
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Valid |
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Late Barremian |
A basal iguanodont |
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Valid |
|
Lower Cretaceous |
A ninth or eleventh species of Psittacosaurus. |
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Valid |
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Maastrichtian |
An abelisaurid |
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Valid |
|
Campanian |
A new genus for "Styracosaurus" ovatus Gilmore, 1930. |
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Valid |
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Late Carnian |
||||||
Valid |
|
2005[67] |
Pleinsbachian |
A basal sauropodomorph |
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Valid |
|
Early Valanginian |
A basal iguanodont |
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Valid |
Upper Cretaceous |
A basal centrosaurine. |
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Valid |
|
Maastrichtian |
A chasmosaurine ceratopsid. |
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Valid |
|
Upper Campanian |
A basal pachycephalosaur. |
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Valid |
|
Early Cretaceous |
A short-armed dromaeosaurid. |
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Valid |
|
Early Jurassic |
A mamenchisaurid sauropod. |
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Junior synonym |
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Mid Valanginian |
Junior synonym of Barilium |
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Valid |
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Late Campanian |
A chasmosaurine ceratopsid. |
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Valid |
|
Late Campanian |
A chasmosaurine ceratopsid. A new genus for "Chasmosaurus" irvinensis Holmes et al., 2001. |
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Junior synonym |
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Early Valanginian |
Junior synonym of Hypselospinus |
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Valid |
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late Campanian-early Maastrichtian |
Second hadrosauroid from South America. |
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Valid |
|
Aptian–Albian |
A longirostrine tyrannosauroid. |
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Valid |
Campanian |
A parvicursorine. |
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Valid |
Campanian |
A troodontid. |
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Valid |
|
Lower Jurassic |
A prosauropod. |
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Valid |
Upper Cretaceous |
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Valid |
|
Oxfordian |
Basal coelurosaur |
Newly named birds
editName | Status | Novelty | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Late Pliocene |
A Psittacidae, a lovebird. |
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Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Early or Middle Miocene |
A basal member of Anatidae. This is type species of the new genus. |
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Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Middle Miocene |
An Accipitridae, the oldest Aquila species is in Australia. |
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Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Csiki Vremir et al.[CAL 29] |
Late Cretaceous: Maastrichtian |
A four-toed, two-fingered avialian. |
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Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
An Enantiornithes Walker, 1981, Avisauridae Brett-Surman & Paul, 1985. This is the type species of the new genus. |
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Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Early Miocene |
A Phalacrocoracoidea, Pelecaniformes, possibly a species of Borvocarbo. |
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Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
An Enantiornithes Walker, 1981, Longipterygidae Zhang, Zhou, Hou et Gu, 2000, this is the type species of the new genus. |
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Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Late Pleistocene to Holocene |
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Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
USA: |
A Coliidae, a species of Coliidae. This is the type species of the new genus. |
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Disputed |
Sp. nov. |
A species of Confuciusornis known from a single skeleton. Considered to be a junior synonym of Confuciusornis sanctus by Wang, O'Connor & Zhou (2018).[90] |
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Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Late Pliocene |
A new species of Corvus, Corvidae. |
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Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Late Miocene; |
A new species of Cuculus, Cuculidae. |
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Valid |
Gen. nov. |
Early Eocene |
USA: UK: |
A new genus with Primobucco olsoni Feduccia et Martin, 1976. as the type species. |
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Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Early Eoceen |
An Odontopterygiformes. Dasornis Owen, 1870. The type species is Dasornis londinensis Owen, 1870. |
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Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
USA: |
A Zygodactylidae Brodkorb, 1971, ?Piciformes, this is the type species of the new genus. |
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Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Late Pliocene |
A new species of Eurystomus, Coraciidae. |
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Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
USA: |
An Enantiornithes Walker, 1981. This is the type species of the new genus. |
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Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Late Pliocene |
A Threskiornithidae, a species of Geronticus. |
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Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Late Pliocene |
A new species of Glaucidium, Strigidae. |
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Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Late Pliocene |
A new species of Gyps, Accipitridae. |
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Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Shigeru Suzuki |
A predatory ground bird known from an unusual hind limb. This is the type species of the new genus. |
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Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
An Enantiornithes Walker, 1981. This is the type species of the new genus. |
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Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Late Eocene |
A giant Spheniscidae and the type species of the new genus. |
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Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
An Enantiornithes Walker, 1981, Avisauridae Brett-Surman et Paul, 1985, the type species of the new genus. |
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Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Early Miocene |
A new genus and species of Acanthisittidae, it is the type species of the new genus. |
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Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
A Cimolopterygidae Brodkorb, 1963, this is the type species of the new genus. |
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Valid |
Comb. nov. |
USA: |
A new genus for Cimolopteryx minima Brodkorb, 1963, transferred to Lamarqueavis by Agnolin, 2010.[103] |
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Valid |
Comb. nov. |
USA: |
A new genus for Cimolopteryx petra Hope, 2002, transferred to Lamarqueavis by Agnolin, 2010.[103] |
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Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Late Pleistocene |
A giant marabou stork, Ciconiidae. |
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Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
A Hongshanornithidae O’Connor, Gao et Chiappe, 2010, this is the type species of the new genus. |
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Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Middle Miocene |
A Phasianidae, this is the type species of the new genus. |
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Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
An Ardeidae, the type species of the new genus. |
||||||
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
A small Psittacidae, the type species of the new genus. |
||||||
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Early Eocene |
The type species of the new genus. A bird of uncertain phylogenetic placement; it might be a relative of Charadriiformes[111] or a relative of the passerines and the extinct family Zygodactylidae.[112] Maybe close to Pumiliornis tessellatus G. Mayr, 1999.[112][113] |
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Valid |
Comb. nov. |
Late Pleistocene |
USA: |
Strigidae, a new genus for Strix brea Howard (1933), the type species of the new genus. |
||||
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Early Miocene |
A Phoenicopteriformes, Palaelodidae Stejneger, 1885. |
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Valid |
Sp. nov. |
A Pelagornithidae Fürbringer, 1888 with a large wingspan. |
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Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Middle Eocene |
A member of Neognathae Incertae Sedis. The type species of the new genus. |
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Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Late Pliocene |
A Phasianidae, Galliformes, a species of Plioperdix Kretzoi, 1955. |
|||||
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Late Paleocene |
Bumbam Member of the Narabulag Svita |
A Presbyornithidae Wetmore, 1926, Anseriformes. |
||||
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
MN 2a, Wiesbaden Formation, Mainz Basin |
A small Rallidae, the type species of the new genus. |
|||||
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
An Enantiornithes Walker, 1981, this is the type species of the new genus. |
||||||
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
A Sapeornithidae Zhou, 2006, this is the type species of the new genus. |
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Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Early Eocene |
A Vastanavidae G. Mayr, Rana, Rose, Sahni, Kumar, Sing et T. Smith, 2010, basal Psittaciformes. |
|||||
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
A beaked basal avialan |
Newly named pterosaurs
editName | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Valid |
|
Cenomanian |
An ornithocheirid known only from a partial lower jaw. |
||||
Valid |
|
Late Cretaceous |
An azhdarchid known only from five fragments of the front upper and lower jaws, and possibly a neck vertebra. |
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Valid |
|
Middle Jurassic |
An istiodactylid[125] or a poorly preserved specimen of Darwinopterus.[126] |
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Valid |
|
Oxfordian |
A wukongopterid that was described as a derived rhamphorhynchoid with transitional characters connecting it with pterodactyloids. |
||||
Valid |
|
Late Jurassic |
A second species of Darwinopterus |
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Disputed |
|
Late Coniacian/Early Santonian |
A pteranodontid. The type species is Dawndraco kanzai. Martin-Silverstone et al. (2017) consider this species to be a junior synonym of Pteranodon sternbergi.[130] |
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Valid |
|
Late Triassic |
|||||
Valid |
|
Middle Jurassic |
An earliest scaphognathine pterosaur. |
||||
Valid |
|
Late Coniacian - Early Campanian |
A pteranodontid. |
||||
Valid |
|
Late Jurassic |
A wukongopterid. The type species is Kunpengopterus sinensis. |
||||
Valid |
|
Lower Aptian |
|||||
Valid |
|
Oxfordian |
A rhamphorhynchid with a nearly six foot wingspan. |
||||
Valid |
|
Barremian |
A boreopterid. |
Notes
editReferences
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- ^ Brochu CA, Njau J, Blumenschine RJ, Densmore LD (2010). Lalueza-Fox C (ed.). "A New Horned Crocodile from the Plio-Pleistocene Hominid Sites at Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania". PLoS ONE. 5 (2): e9333. Bibcode:2010PLoSO...5.9333B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0009333. PMC 2827537. PMID 20195356.
- ^ Hastings, A. K; Bloch, J. I.; Cadena, E. A.; Jaramillo, C. A. (2010). "A new small short-snouted dyrosaurid (Crocodylomorpha, Mesoeucrocodylia) from the Paleocene of northeastern Columbia". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 30 (1): 139–162. Bibcode:2010JVPal..30..139H. doi:10.1080/02724630903409204. S2CID 84705605.
- ^ Jeremy E. Martin (2010). "A new species of Diplocynodon (Crocodylia, Alligatoroidea) from the Late Eocene of the Massif Central, France, and the evolution of the genus in the climatic context of the Late Palaeogene". Geological Magazine. 147 (4): 596–610. Bibcode:2010GeoM..147..596M. doi:10.1017/S0016756809990161. S2CID 140593139.
- ^ a b Young, M.T.; Brusatte, S.L.; Ruta, M.; de Andrade, M.B. (2010). "The evolution of Metriorhynchoidea (Mesoeucrocodylia, Thalattosuchia): an integrated approach using geometric morphometrices, analysis of disparity, and biomechanics". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 158 (4): 810–859. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00571.x.
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