The 520th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit. Its last assignment was with 530th Air Defense Group, stationed at Geiger Field, Washington, where it was inactivated on 18 August 1955. The squadron was first activated during World War II as the 638th Bombardment Squadron, a dive bomber unit, but was disbanded before participating in combat in a general reorganization of Army Air Forces training units. It was reconstituted during the Cold War as a fighter interceptor unit supporting the air defense of the United States.
| 520th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Active | 1943–1944; 1954–1955 |
| Country |  United States |
| Branch |  United States Air Force |
| Role | Fighter-Interceptor |
| Part of | Air Defense Command |
History
editWorld War II
edit
The squadron was activated in April 1943 as the 638th Bombardment Squadron at Key Field, Mississippi, as one of the original squadrons of the 408th Bombardment Group.[1][2] In August, along with several other Army Air Forces (AAF) single engine dive bomber units, it became a fighter-bomber unit, and was designated as the 520th Fighter-Bomber Squadron.[1] The squadron did not receive aircraft to begin training until October, after it had moved to Drew Field, Florida.[2] It served as an operational training unit with various aircraft, providing cadres to "satellite groups" and as a replacement training unit, training individual pilots.[1][3]
However, the AAF was finding that standard military units, based on relatively inflexible tables of organization, were not proving well adapted to the training mission. Accordingly, it adopted a more functional system in which each AAF base was organized into a separate numbered unit.[4] In this reorganization the squadron was disbanded in 1944 as the AAF converted to the AAF Base Unit system[1] and was replaced, along with other units at Woodward Army Air Field, by the 267th AAF Base Unit (Combat Crew Training Station, Fighter) in a reorganization of the AAF in which all units not programmed for deployment overseas were replaced by AAF Base Units to free up manpower for assignment overseas.[5]
Cold War air defense
editDuring the Cold War the squadron was reconstituted in December 1954. At this time, it was redesignated as the 520th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron and activated at Geiger Field, Washington, where it was assigned to the 530th Air Defense Group.[1][6] At Geiger, the squadron flew airborne intercept radar equipped and Mighty Mouse rocket armed North American F-86D Sabre aircraft.[7]
The 530th Group was inactivated and replaced by the 84th Fighter Group (Air Defense)[6][8] in 1955 as part of Air Defense Command's Project Arrow, which was designed to reestablish fighter units that had compiled memorable records in the two world wars.[9] The squadron was inactivated along with the group and its equipment and personnel were transferred to the 498th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron, which was simultaneously activated.[1][10]
Lineage
edit- Constituted as the 638th Bombardment Squadron (Dive) on 23 March 1943
- Activated on 5 April 1943
- Redesignated 520th Fighter-Bomber Squadron on 10 August 1943
- Disbanded on 1 April 1944
- Reconstituted and redesignated 520th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron on 4 November 1954
- Activated on 8 December 1954
- Inactivated on 18 August 1955[1]
Assignments
edit- 408th Bombardment Group (later 408th Fighter-Bomber Group), 5 April 1943 – 1 April 1944
- 530th Air Defense Group, 8 December 1954 – 18 August 1955[1]
Stations
edit- Key Field, Mississippi, 5 April 1943
- Drew Field, Florida, 24 September 1943
- Abilene Army Air Field, Texas, 10 November 1943
- DeRidder Army Air Base, Louisiana, 11 February 1944
- Woodward Army Air Field, Oklahoma, 26 March – 1 April 1944
- Geiger Field, Washington, 8 December 1954 – 18 August 1955[1]
Aircraft
edit- Douglas A-24 Banshee, 1943–1944
- North American A-36 Apache, 1943–1944
- Curtiss P-40 Warhawk, 1943–1944
- Republic P-47 Thunderbolt 1943–1944
- North American F-86D Sabre, 1954–1955[1]
References
editNotes
edit- Explanatory notes
- ^ Aircraft is North American F-86D-40-NA Sabre serial 52-3840 of the 530th Air Defense Group. Note the 3 stripes on aircraft indicating it is the squadron commander's aircraft. This aircraft was withdrawn from service in August 1960 and was put on display at Lookout Mountain, Tennessee. Baugher, Joe (4 May 2023). "1952 USAF Serial Numbers". Joe Baugher. Retrieved 12 May 2023.
- Citations
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 624
- ^ a b Maurer, Combat Units, p. 294
- ^ See Craven & Cate, Introduction, p. xxxvi
- ^ Goss, p. 75
- ^ "Abstract, History Woodward Army Air Field, Apr 1944". Air Force History Index. Archived from the original on 10 November 2013. Retrieved 2 June 2012.
- ^ a b Cornett & Johnson, p. 83
- ^ Cornett & Johnson, p.128
- ^ Maurer, Combat Units, p. 150
- ^ Buss, Sturm, Volan, & McMullen, p.6
- ^ Maurer, Combat Squadrons, pp. 600–601
Bibliography
edit
This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency
- Buss, Lydus H.(ed), Sturm, Thomas A., Volan, Denys, and McMullen, Richard F., History of Continental Air Defense Command and Air Defense Command July to December 1955, Directorate of Historical Services, Air Defense Command, Ent AFB, CO, (1956)
- Cornett, Lloyd H.; Johnson, Mildred W. (1980). A Handbook of Aerospace Defense Organization, 1946–1980 (PDF). Peterson AFB, CO: Office of History, Aerospace Defense Center. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 November 2006. Retrieved 23 March 2012.
- Craven, Wesley F.; Cate, James L., eds. (1955). The Army Air Forces in World War II. Vol. VI, Men & Planes. Chicago, Illinois: University of Chicago Press. LCCN 48003657. OCLC 704158.
- Goss, William A. (1955). "The Organization and its Responsibilities, Chapter 2 The AAF". In Craven, Wesley F.; Cate, James L. (eds.). The Army Air Forces in World War II (PDF). Vol. VI, Men & Planes. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. LCCN 48003657. OCLC 704158. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
- Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1983) [1961]. Air Force Combat Units of World War II (PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-912799-02-1. LCCN 61060979.
- Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1982) [1969]. Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, World War II (PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-405-12194-6. LCCN 70605402. OCLC 72556.
- Further reading
- "ADCOM's Fighter Interceptor Squadrons". The Interceptor. 21 (1). Aerospace Defense Command: 5–11, 26–31, 40–45, 54–59. January 1979.