Academy Award for Best Visual Effects
The Academy Award for Best Visual Effects is presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) for the best achievement in visual effects. It has been handed to four members of the team directly responsible for creating the film's visual effects since 1980.
| Academy Award for Best Visual Effects | |
|---|---|
_(cropped)_(2).jpg) 2024 co-recipient: Takashi Yamazaki | |
| Country | United States |
| Presented by | Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) |
| Formerly called | |
| First awarded | Wings (1929) |
| Most recent winner | Takashi Yamazaki Kiyoko Shibuya Masaki Takahashi Tatsuji Nojima; Godzilla Minus One (2024) |
| Most awards | Industrial Light & Magic (15) / Dennis Muren (8) |
| Most nominations | Dennis Muren (15) |
| Website | oscars |
History
editThe Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences first recognized the technical contributions of special effects to movies at its inaugural dinner in 1929, presenting a plaque for "Best Engineering Effects" to the first Best Picture Oscar winner, the World War I flying drama Wings.
Producer David O. Selznick, then production head at RKO Studios, petitioned the Academy Board of Governors to recognize the work of animator Willis O'Brien for his groundbreaking work on 1933's King Kong.[1] However, the Academy did not have a category to acknowledge its visual achievements at the time.[2][3]
It was not until 1938 when a film was actually recognized for its effects work, when a "Special Achievement Award for Special Effects" was given to the Paramount film Spawn of the North. The following year, "Best Special Effects" became a recognized category, although on occasion the Academy has chosen to honor a single film outright rather than nominate two or more films. From 1939 to 1963, it was an award for a film's visual effects as well as audio effects, so it was often given to two persons, although some years only one or the other type of effect was recognized. In 1964, it was given only for visual effects, and the following year the name of the category was changed to "Best Special Visual Effects".
Honorees for this award have been bestowed several times as a Special Achievement Academy Award. In 1977, the category was given its current name "Best Visual Effects." For decades, shortlisted finalists were selected by a steering committee. They are presently chosen by the visual effects branch executive committee.[4] 1990 was the last year there were no official nominees. Back to the Future Part III, Dick Tracy, Ghost and Total Recall advanced to a second stage of voting, but only Total Recall received a requisite average and it was given a special achievement Oscar.[5]
There have been three wholly animated films nominated in this category: The Nightmare Before Christmas in 1993, Kubo and the Two Strings in 2016, and The Lion King in 2019. There have been three semi-animated films nominated, which also won: Mary Poppins in 1964, Bedknobs and Broomsticks in 1971, and Who Framed Roger Rabbit in 1988.[6] In 2024, Godzilla Minus One became the first non-English-language film ever to win in the category.[7]
Rules
editIn 1979, there were five films nominated. For most of the next three decades, there were three nominees a year, although at some times there were two and at others, a single film was given the award outright.
In 2007, it was decided that a list of no more than 15 eligible films would be chosen, from which a maximum of seven would be shortlisted for further consideration. A vote would then proceed, with a maximum of three nominees. Since 2010, there are ten shortlisted finalists which, using a form of range voting, produce five nominees.[8] No more than four people may be nominated for a single film.[9]
According to the official Academy Award rules, the criteria are:
(a) consideration of the contribution the visual effects make to the overall production and
(b) the artistry, skill and fidelity with which the visual illusions are achieved.
Filmmakers
editA number of filmmakers have had their movies honored for their achievements in visual effects; i.e., six by director James Cameron (who began his career in Hollywood as an effects technician), five films produced by George Pal, five by director/producer George Lucas, four by directors Richard Fleischer, Steven Spielberg and Peter Jackson, three by directors Robert Zemeckis and Christopher Nolan, and two by directors Clarence Brown, Cecil B. DeMille, Mark Robson, Ridley Scott, Robert Stevenson and Denis Villeneuve.
Only two directors have won in the same category: Four time Best Director nominee Stanley Kubrick's only Oscar win for 1968's 2001: A Space Odyssey, and Japanese filmmaker Takashi Yamazaki's first Oscar win for 2023's Godzilla Minus One.[7][10] The credits for 2001 list four effects contributors, including Douglas Trumbull. However, according to the rules of the Academy in effect at the time, only three persons could be nominated for their work on a single film, which would have resulted in the omission of either Trumbull, Tom Howard, Con Pederson or Wally Veevers. Ultimately, it was Kubrick's name that was submitted as a nominee in this category, resulting in his winning the award, which many consider a slight to the four men whose work contributed to the film's success.[11]
Engineering Effects Award
editThe table below display the Oscar nominees for Best Engineering Effects.
1920s
edit| Year | Film | Nominees |
|---|---|---|
| 1927–28 (1st) |
Wings | Roy Pomeroy |
| Ralph Hammeras (photographic) [note 1] | ||
| Nugent Slaughter (photographic) [note 2] | ||
Special Effects Awards
editThe tables below display the Oscar nominees for Best Special Effects including the recipients of the Special Achievement Awards.
1930s
edit| Year | Film | Nominees |
|---|---|---|
| 1938 (11th) |
Spawn of the North [note 3] | For outstanding achievement in creating Special Photographic and Sound Effects in the Paramount production Spawn of the North. Special Effects by Gordon Jennings, assisted by Jan Domela, Dev Jennings, Irmin Roberts and Art Smith. Transparencies by Farciot Edouart, assisted by Loyal Griggs. Sound Effects by Loren Ryder, assisted by Harry Mills, Louis Mesenkop and Walter Oberst. |
| 1939 (12th) [note 4] |
The Rains Came | Fred Sersen (photographic); E. H. Hansen (sound) |
| Gone with the Wind | Jack Cosgrove (photographic); Fred Albin and Arthur Johns (sound) | |
| Only Angels Have Wings | Roy Davidson (photographic); Edwin C. Hahn (sound) | |
| The Private Lives of Elizabeth and Essex | Byron Haskin (photographic); Nathan Levinson (sound) | |
| Topper Takes a Trip | Roy Seawright (photographic) | |
| Union Pacific | Farciot Edouart and Gordon Jennings (photographic); Loren Ryder (sound) | |
| The Wizard of Oz | A. Arnold Gillespie (photographic); Douglas Shearer (sound) |
1940s
edit1950s
edit1960s
edit| Year | Film | Nominees |
|---|---|---|
| 1960 (33rd) |
The Time Machine | Gene Warren and Tim Baar (visual) |
| The Last Voyage | Augie Lohman (visual) | |
| 1961 (34th) | ||
| The Guns of Navarone | Bill Warrington (visual); Vivian C. Greenham (audible) | |
| The Absent-Minded Professor | Robert A. Mattey and Eustace Lycett (visual) | |
| 1962 (35th) | ||
| The Longest Day | Robert MacDonald (visual); Jacques Maumont (audible) | |
| Mutiny on the Bounty | A. Arnold Gillespie (visual); Milo B. Lory (audible) |
Visual Effects Awards
editThe tables below display the Oscar nominees for Best Visual Effects including the recipients of the Special Achievement Awards.
1960s
edit1970s
edit1980s
edit1990s
edit2000s
edit2010s
edit2020s
editShortlisted finalists
editFinalists for Best Visual Effects are selected by the Visual Effects Branch Executive Committee. Beginning with a long list of up to 20 titles, the committee then advances ten films to the shortlist.[15] Prior to the 83rd Academy Awards, only fifteen films were long-listed, and only seven films were shortlisted.[16] The full membership of the Visual Effects Branch is invited to view excerpts and is provided with supporting information at a "bake-off" where balloting determines the five nominees. These are the additional films that presented at the bake-off.
Artists with multiple awards
editArtists with multiple nominations
editFranchises
editMultiple awards
edit
|
|
Multiple nominations
edit
|
|
|
Superlatives
editFor this Academy Award category, the following superlatives emerge:[55]
- Most awards: Dennis Muren – 8 awards (resulting from 15 nominations)
- Most nominations: Dennis Muren – 15 nominations (resulting in 8 awards)
- Most nominations without a win: Dan Sudick – 13 nominations
- Oldest winner: L. B. Abbott (68 years, 288 days) – Logan's Run (1976, Special Achievement Award)
- Oldest nominee: John Frazier (69 years, 115 days) – The Lone Ranger (2013)
- Youngest winner: Tatsuji Nojima (25 years, 149 days) – Godzilla Minus One (2023)
- Youngest nominee: Tatsuji Nojima (25 years, 102 days) – Godzilla Minus One (2023)
See also
editNotes
edit- ^ The nomination for Ralph Hammeras was not associated with any individual film.
- ^ According to the Academy's in-house records, the nomination for Nugent Slaughter was most often connected with The Jazz Singer. It is not considered an official nomination for that film.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m This was presented as a Special Achievement Award, not as a competitive Academy Award of Merit.
- ^ From 1939 until 1962, visual effects and sound effects artists competed in a combined Best Special Effects category.
- ^ When nominations were announced on February 9, 1942, Dive Bomber was nominated in place of The Sea Wolf. Both were Warner Bros. productions with photographic effects by Byron Haskin and sound effects by Nathan Levinson. By February 19, the Dive Bomber nomination was replaced with The Sea Wolf. The reason for the substitution is unknown.
- ^ In 1957, The Enemy Below won the Best Special Effects Oscar for audible effects by Walter Rossi. It was not cited for its visual effects.
- ^ A tie resulted in eight finalists.
References
edit- ^ "10 Movies that Should Have Won A VFX Oscar, But Didn't". Digital Trends. April 25, 2021. Retrieved May 27, 2024.
- ^ "Oscars: Nominated for Nothing". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved May 27, 2024.
- ^ Way, Jennifer (July 15, 2015). King Kong and Other Monstrous Apes. Rosen Publishing. p. 20. ISBN 978-1-4994-3539-9. Retrieved May 27, 2024.
- ^ "92nd Academy Awards of Merit" (PDF). Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived (PDF) from the original on April 24, 2019. Retrieved May 25, 2019.
- ^ Cohn, Lawrence (February 17, 1991). "Oscar Choices/Omissions Reflect Quirky Voting Rules". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on September 14, 2022. Retrieved May 25, 2019.
- ^ Kois, Dan (24 January 2017). "How Kubo and the Two Strings Landed a Surprise Visual Effects Oscar Nomination". Slate. Archived from the original on 21 February 2017. Retrieved 21 February 2017.
- ^ a b McGovern, Joe (March 11, 2024). "Godzilla Minus One Record: 1st Director to Win VFX Oscar Since Kubrick". TheWrap. Retrieved March 19, 2024.
- ^ "89TH ANNUAL ACADEMY AWARDS OF MERIT" (PDF). oscars.org. 2016. RULE TWENTY-TWO SPECIAL RULES FOR THE VISUAL EFFECTS AWARD. Archived (PDF) from the original on July 2, 2016.
Five productions shall be selected using reweighted range voting to become the nominations for final voting for the Visual Effects award.
- ^ [1] Archived September 14, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Goodfellow, Melanie (2024-03-11). "Record Number Of Non-English Language Movies Take Home Oscar Statuettes". Deadline. Retrieved 2024-03-11.
- ^ "1969 Winners and Nominees". Oscars. 4 October 2014. Archived from the original on 2016-09-10. Retrieved 2019-07-24.
- ^ "The Official Academy Awards Database". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on February 27, 2009. Retrieved January 18, 2018.
- ^ "Academy Awards 2017: Complete list of Oscar winners and nominees". Los Angeles Times. February 26, 2017. Archived from the original on February 28, 2017. Retrieved January 8, 2018.
- ^ Hipes, Patrick (January 23, 2018). "Oscar Nominations: 'The Shape Of Water' Leads Way With 13". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on January 24, 2018. Retrieved January 23, 2018.
- ^ "93rd Academy Award of Merit Rules" (PDF). Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 2, 2020. Retrieved May 3, 2020.
- ^ a b Knegt, Peter (December 10, 2010). "Oscars Announce Visual Effects Shortlist". IndieWire. Archived from the original on May 4, 2021. Retrieved May 4, 2021.
- ^ Turner, George (April 1985). "Academy Visual Effects Nominees". American Cinematographer.
- ^ Mavity, Will (January 22, 2017). "A History of Visual Effects Shortlists & Bake-Offs". Next Best Picture. Archived from the original on June 9, 2023. Retrieved May 4, 2020.
- ^ "Behind the Illusion". Variety. February 12, 1995. Archived from the original on July 25, 2020. Retrieved May 4, 2020.
- ^ Ebert, Roger (March 17, 1996). "Movie Answer Man (03/17/1996)". RogerEbert.com. Archived from the original on July 24, 2020. Retrieved May 4, 2020.
- ^ Hindes, Andrew (January 8, 1997). "7 pix set to vie for 3 Oscar f/x noms". Variety. Archived from the original on July 26, 2020. Retrieved May 4, 2020.
- ^ "Silicon Graphics' Oscar-winning performance". ITWeb. March 3, 1998. Archived from the original on July 24, 2020. Retrieved May 4, 2020.
- ^ Olson, Eric J. (February 4, 1999). "Seven pics make the cut in Oscar f/x nominee race". Variety. Archived from the original on July 26, 2020. Retrieved May 4, 2020.
- ^ Graser, Marc (January 12, 2000). "Seven pics make the cut in Oscar f/x nominee race". Variety. Archived from the original on July 25, 2020. Retrieved May 4, 2020.
- ^ Graser, Marc (January 10, 2001). "Acad taps 7 for f/x bake-off". Variety. Archived from the original on July 26, 2020. Retrieved May 4, 2020.
- ^ Graser, Marc (February 27, 2002). "Short list for Oscar f/x gets physical". Variety. Archived from the original on July 26, 2020. Retrieved May 4, 2020.
- ^ "Effective Work". Variety. January 20, 2003. Archived from the original on July 25, 2020. Retrieved May 4, 2020.
- ^ Graser, Marc (January 7, 2004). "Threepeat feat?". Variety. Archived from the original on July 26, 2020. Retrieved May 4, 2020.
- ^ "'Aviator' f/x flying high". Variety. December 19, 2004. Archived from the original on July 26, 2020. Retrieved May 4, 2020.
- ^ Chang, Justin (December 16, 2005). "Acad avoids 'Sin' as f/x race narrows to 7". Variety. Archived from the original on July 25, 2020. Retrieved May 4, 2020.
- ^ "Visual Effects Oscar contenders announced". Variety. December 15, 2006. Archived from the original on July 26, 2020. Retrieved May 4, 2020.
- ^ "Oscar's visual effects list set". Variety. January 4, 2008. Archived from the original on July 25, 2020. Retrieved May 4, 2020.
- ^ Kilday, Gregg (January 7, 2009). "Oscar's VFX shortlist". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on July 25, 2020. Retrieved May 4, 2020.
- ^ Kilday, Gregg (January 6, 2010). "Seven films on Oscar's visual effects shortlist". Reuters. Archived from the original on May 18, 2022. Retrieved May 4, 2020.
- ^ The Deadline Team (January 9, 2011). "OSCARS: 15 Feature Films On VFX Shortlist". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on April 16, 2021. Retrieved March 27, 2021.
- ^ Chitwood, Adam (January 4, 2012). "Visual Effects Oscar Category Narrowed Down to 10 Choices". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on July 24, 2020. Retrieved May 3, 2020.
- ^ Hammond, Pete (November 29, 2012). "Oscars: Visual Effects Finalists Named". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on July 24, 2020. Retrieved May 3, 2020.
- ^ "10 Contenders Remain in VFX Oscar Race". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. December 5, 2013. Archived from the original on December 10, 2013. Retrieved May 3, 2020.
- ^ "10 Contenders Remain in VFX Oscar Race". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. December 5, 2014. Archived from the original on July 4, 2023. Retrieved May 3, 2020.
- ^ "'Star Wars: The Force Awakens' and 'Jurassic World' Among Shortlist for 2016 VFX Oscar". Collider. December 8, 2015. Archived from the original on December 12, 2015. Retrieved January 29, 2021.
- ^ "10 Contenders Remain in VFX Oscar Race". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. December 21, 2015. Archived from the original on May 5, 2020. Retrieved May 3, 2020.
- ^ "20 Contenders Advance in VFX Oscar Race". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. 2 December 2016. Archived from the original on 7 July 2020. Retrieved July 7, 2020.
- ^ "10 Contenders Remain in VFX Oscar Race". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. December 16, 2016. Archived from the original on May 4, 2020. Retrieved May 3, 2020.
- ^ "20 Contenders Advance in VFX Oscar Race". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. 4 December 2017. Archived from the original on 7 July 2020. Retrieved July 7, 2020.
- ^ Erbland, Kate (December 18, 2017). "Oscars 2018: Academy Shortlist Names Contenders for Visual Effects, Including 'Star Wars: The Last Jedi' and 'Dunkirk'". IndieWire. Archived from the original on May 6, 2020. Retrieved May 3, 2020.
- ^ "20 Contenders Advance in VFX Oscar Race". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. 3 December 2018. Archived from the original on 7 July 2020. Retrieved July 6, 2020.
- ^ "91st Oscar Shortlists". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. 14 December 2018. Archived from the original on 1 January 2019. Retrieved May 3, 2020.
- ^ "20 Contenders Advance in VFX Oscar Race". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. 3 December 2019. Archived from the original on 7 July 2020. Retrieved July 6, 2020.
- ^ "92nd Oscar Shortlists". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. 10 December 2019. Archived from the original on 17 December 2019. Retrieved May 3, 2020.
- ^ "93rd Oscar Shortlists". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. 5 February 2021. Archived from the original on 10 February 2021. Retrieved December 21, 2021.
- ^ "94th Oscar Shortlists". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. 20 December 2021. Archived from the original on 29 December 2021. Retrieved December 21, 2021.
- ^ Giardina, Carolyn (21 December 2022). "Oscars: Shortlists for 95th Academy Awards Unveiled". THR. Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on 24 January 2023. Retrieved 21 December 2022.
- ^ Emily Garbutt (December 8, 2023). "Oppenheimer misses out on the Best Visual Effects Oscar shortlist – but Ant-Man and the Wasp: Quantumania makes it through". gamesradar. Archived from the original on January 6, 2024. Retrieved February 8, 2024.
- ^ Davis, Clayton (21 December 2023). "Oscar Shortlists Announced for 10 Categories: 'Barbie' Leads the Way". Variety. Archived from the original on 22 December 2023. Retrieved 21 December 2023.
- ^ "Academy Award Statistics". Archived from the original on March 1, 2009.