Major General Alexander Hugh Gatehouse, DSO & Bar, MC & Bar (20 May 1895 – 21 August 1964) was a senior British Army officer who commanded the 10th Armoured Division during the North African campaign of the Second World War.
Alexander Gatehouse | |
|---|---|
| Nickname(s) | "Alec"[1] |
| Born | 20 May 1895 |
| Died | 21 August 1964 (aged 69) Sweden |
| Allegiance | United Kingdom |
| Service | British Army |
| Years of service | 1914–1947 |
| Rank | Major-General |
| Service number | 5979 |
| Unit | Northumberland Fusiliers Royal Tank Corps |
| Commands | 1st Armoured Division (1942) 10th Armoured Division (1942) 4th Armoured Brigade (1941–42) Mechanisation Experimental Establishment (1933–37) |
| Battles / wars | First World War Second World War |
| Awards | Distinguished Service Order & Bar Military Cross & Bar Mentioned in Despatches |
Military career
editGatehouse joined the British Army and, after graduating from the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, was commissioned as a second lieutenant into the Northumberland Fusiliers in October 1914 and fought in the First World War.[2][3] He was promoted to lieutenant in May 1915.[4] He was awarded the Military Cross (MC) in September 1918, the citation for which reads:
For conspicuous gallantry and devotion to duty while commanding a composite company of twenty Lewis guns. Under heavy enemy attacks his courage and cheerfulness inspired his men and caused them to hold on to a difficult position under very trying circumstances.[5]
In November 1918, with only a few days left in the war, Gatehouse was awarded a Bar to his MC. The Bar's citation stated the following:
For conspicuous gallantry in command of a company of fourteen tanks. He followed close behind, as they proceeded into action, under heavy shell and machine-gun fire, and superintended their movements in the clearing of two enemy positions. During this time he was knocked down by a shell bursting beside him. In two subsequent actions he again displayed great courage, and the success of these tanks was in great measure due to his skill and judgment.[6]
After the war Gatehouse transferred to the Royal Tank Corps (later the Royal Tank Regiment) in 1931.[2] He was appointed commandant of the Mechanisation Experimental Establishment at Farnborough in 1933.[2]
Gatehouse served in the Second World War as deputy commander of the 7th Armoured Brigade in the Western Desert from 1940, as commander of the 4th Armoured Brigade in the Western Desert from April 1941 and as General Officer Commanding 10th Armoured Division from June 1942.[2][7] His permanent rank was advanced to colonel on 6 November 1940, with seniority backdated to 1 July,[8] and he was awarded the Distinguished Service Order in December 1941 and a Bar to the award in January 1942.[9][10] Having led the 10th Armoured Division at the Battle of Alam el Halfa in September 1942 and then the Second Battle of El Alamein in October 1942,[11] he became major general in charge of administration at Washington D.C. at the end of the year, and military attaché in Moscow in 1944 before retiring in 1947.[2]
Family
editIn 1920 Gatehouse married Helen Williams;[12] they had one son, Sir Robert Alexander Gatehouse, a Judge of the Queen's Bench Division of the High Court).[13]
References
edit- ^ Mead 2007, p. 161.
- ^ a b c d e Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives
- ^ "No. 28920". The London Gazette (Supplement). 29 September 1914. p. 7777.
- ^ "No. 29310". The London Gazette. 28 September 1915. p. 9553.
- ^ "No. 30901". The London Gazette (Supplement). 13 September 1918. p. 10953.
- ^ "No. 30997". The London Gazette (Supplement). 5 November 1918. p. 13138.
- ^ Generals.dk
- ^ "No. 35021". The London Gazette (Supplement). 20 December 1940. p. 7203.
- ^ "No. 35396". The London Gazette. 26 December 1941. p. 7333.
- ^ "No. 35422". The London Gazette (Supplement). 20 January 1942. p. 329.
- ^ "The 8th Army at El Alamein, October 1942". Archived from the original on 14 May 2012. Retrieved 11 November 2011.
- ^ Heraldry on line
- ^ Obituary: Sir Robert Gatehouse The Telegraph, 8 November 2002
Bibliography
edit- Mead, Richard (2007). Churchill's Lions: A Biographical Guide to the Key British Generals of World War II. Stroud: Spellmount. ISBN 978-1-86227-431-0.
- Smart, Nick (2005). Biographical Dictionary of British Generals of the Second World War. Barnesley: Pen & Sword. ISBN 1844150496.