Wikipedia

Ambarawa Railway Museum

The Ambarawa Railway Museum (Indonesian: Museum Kereta Api Ambarawa, officially named Indonesian Railway Museum by the Indonesian Railway Company) is a museum located in Ambarawa in Central Java, Indonesia. The museum preserves around 21 steam locomotives and focuses on tourism train tours hauled by 3 operational steam engines (both are rack locomotives and a 4-4-0 two-cylinder compound steam engine) and a hydraulic diesel engine, using the remains of the closing of the 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) railway line.

Ambarawa Station

Stasiun Ambarawa
Kereta Api Indonesia
Front view of Indonesian Railway Museum (2019)
General information
LocationJl. Stasiun, Panjang, Ambarawa, Semarang Regency
Central Java
Indonesia
Coordinates7°15′56″S 110°24′05″E / 7.265424°S 110.401359°E / -7.265424; 110.401359
Elevation+474.40 m (1,556.4 ft)
Owned byKereta Api Indonesia
Operated byKereta Api Indonesia
Line(s)Kereta Api Indonesia Kedungjati–Secang
Platformssingle island platform
Tracks4
Construction
Structure typeGround
Parking Available
Accessible Available
Other information
Station codeABR • 3306[1]
ClassificationClass II[1]
History
Opened21 May 1873 (1873-05-21)[2]
Closed8 April 1976 (1976-04-08)[3]
Previous namesWillem I Station
Location
Ambarawa Station is located in Java
Ambarawa Station
Ambarawa Station
Location in Java
Indonesian Railway Museum, Ambarawa
Museum Kereta Api Ambarawa
Map
Interactive map
Established6 October 1976 (1976-10-06)[4]
LocationJl. Stasiun, Panjang, Ambarawa, Semarang Regency, Central Java, Indonesia
Coordinates7°15′56″S 110°24′05″E / 7.265424°S 110.401359°E / -7.265424; 110.401359
TypeRailway museum
OwnerKereta Api Indonesia

Museum building and location

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First view of Willem I station (now Ambarawa station) before being enlarged.

Ambarawa was a city that was used for military purposes during the Dutch colonial administration and not far from this station, there's Fort Willem I, known as Benteng Pendem by locals. This station was named Willem I because it was built in honor of the services of the King of the Netherlands William I. The colonial government of the Dutch East Indies under the command of Governor-General L. A. J. Baron Sloet van de Beele ordered the construction of a new railway station to facilitate the mobilization of Royal Netherlands East Indies Army (KNIL) troops from and to Semarang. On 21 May 1873, the Ambarawa railway station was built on a 127,500 m² land.[2] It was finished at the same time as the Kedungjati–Bringin–Tuntang–Ambarawa line by Nederlandsch-Indische Spoorweg Maatschappij (NIS).[3]

The station building consists of two main buildings for waiting room and the station master room.

The Willem I railway station was originally a transshipment point between the 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) gauge branch from Kedungjati to the northeast and the 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) gauge line onward towards Yogyakarta via Magelang to the south. It is still possible to see that the two sides of the station were built to accommodate different-sized trains.[5]

On 8 April 1976,[3] the Ambarawa railway station was officially converted into the Ambarawa Railway Museum by the governor of Central Java Province at that time Supardjo Rustam. The museum preserves the steam locomotives, which were then coming to the end of their useful lives when the 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) gauge railways of the Indonesian State Railway (the Perusahaan Negara Kereta Api, PNKA) was closed. These are parked in the open air next to the original station.[5]

In 2010, the building of Ambarawa Railway Museum was made a heritage building.[3][6]

Railway line

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The 1067mm line that connects Magelang station and Willem I station, the station that is now a museum.

The construction line between Ambarawa–Samarang (or called Semarang today) was a package with Samarang NIS–Gundih–Solo Balapan–Lempuyangan line. In 1869, after Gundih, the NIS continued the line to Bringin and ended at Ambarawa. Finally, Samarang–Vorstenlanden (now Surakarta and Jogjakarta) and Kedungjati to Ambarawa lines were completed on 21 May 1873.[7][8][9] After that, the NIS continued to build rack line to Secang with the line passing through the steep contours and difficult topography in the mountainous area. This line connected the Dutch East Indies military stronghold in Magelang city with Fort Willem I in Ambarawa, and it was finished on 1 February 1905.[10] The 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) gauge line towards Djocja Toegoe (Yogyakarta) (runs roughly south-west from Ambarawa) was of particular interest because it contained sections of rack railway between Jambu and Secang which have 6.5% gradient, the only such operation in Java. This line beyond Bedono closed in the early 1970s after it was damaged in an earthquake, but had already lost most of its passenger traffic to buses on the parallel road. The line from Kedungjati (runs east initially from Ambarawa) survived into the middle 1970s but saw very little traffic near the end, not least because it was far quicker to travel more directly by road to Semarang. The presence of the rack line meant that there was probably never much through traffic from Semarang to Yogyakarta.[5]

Services

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The museum is open daily from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. in a week. Currently, there are 3 kinds of heritage tourism trains running, the excursion trains run on Ambarawa–Jambu–Bedono (mountainous rack line) pulled by B25 02 or B25 03 and Ambarawa–Tuntang (flat line) pulled by B51 12. While, the vintage train pulled by hydraulic-diesel D301 24 also on Ambarawa-Tuntang line, could be rented. The excursion trains are rented and can be booked around 2–3 weeks before departure, with an exceptional vintage train runs regularly (pulled by hydraulic-diesel D301 24) with the ticket price listed. Admission to the museum is divided into 3 categories :

1. For kids (3-12 years old) and students : Rp 10.000,00 (US$0.67)

2. Adults (local) and scholars : Rp 20.000 (US$1.34)

3. Foreigners : Rp 30.000 (US$2.01)[11]

Collection

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The museum has a collection of 26 steam locomotives from several railway companies of the former Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia) which were acquired by Djawatan Kereta Api (DKA) or Department of Railways of the Republic of Indonesia. Currently four locomotives are operational. Other collections of the museum include old telephones, Morse telegraph equipment, old bells and signals equipment, and some antique furniture.[5][12]

Operational

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Some of the operational steam locomotives are the two German-built, Esslingen B25 classes 0-4-2RT B25 02 and B25 03 (ex-NIS 232 and 233), which are from the original fleet of 5 supplied to the line more than 100 years ago (a third locomotive, the B25 01 (ex-NIS 231) is preserved as static display at a park in the town nearby). The 0-10-0RT E10 class, PNKA E10 60, which was originally locale to West Sumatra in the 1960s for coal transports, was brought to Java for repair and later returned again as excursion train at Sawahlunto, and a Mogul Hartmann 2-6-0T C1218 (ex-SS 457) which was restored to working order in 2006, but transferred to Solo to working as excursion train as the request of Surakarta city government, named Sepur Kluthuk Jaladara.[5] The museum also have a small diesel switcher D300 class 0-8-0D D300 23, previously based at Cepu, an old UH-295 crane from Semarang, and the restored Hanomag 4-4-0 two-cylinder compound DKA B51 12 (ex-SS Class 612) worked for excursion train on Ambarawa–Tuntang line.[3]

Class Unit
number 		Image Axles Builder Builder no. Year built Remarks
B25 02   0-4-2RT   Maschinenfabrik Esslingen 3243 1902
03   3244
B51 12   4-4-0   Hanomag 3866 1902
D300 23   0-8-0DH   Krupp 3719 1958
D301 24   4171 1962

Static display

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Reference[13][14][15]
Disclaimer: Photos shown below may not represent the current condition or layout.

Class Unit
number 		Image Axles Builder Builder no. Year built Remarks
B20 14   0-4-0Tr   Beyer, Peacock and Company 4634 1905
B22 20   0-4-2T   Sächsische Maschinenfabrik 2568 1900
B27 11   0-4-2T   Sächsische Maschinenfabrik 3757 1914
B52 10   0-4-0   Sächsische Maschinenfabrik 3484 1911
C11 40   2-6-0T   Sächsische Maschinenfabrik 1759 1891
C12 40   2-6-0T   Sächsische Maschinenfabrik 2736 1902
C15 07   0-6-0T   Werkspoor 17 1900
C16 03   0-6-0T   Sächsische Maschinenfabrik 2718 1901
C17 04   0-6-0T   Sächsische Maschinenfabrik 2773 1902
C18 01   0-6-0T   Sächsische Maschinenfabrik 3160 1908
C20 01   0-6-2T   Sächsische Maschinenfabrik 2792 1902
C24 07   2-6-2T   Werkspoor 216 1908
C27 28   4-6-4T   Werkspoor 472 1920
C28 21   4-6-4T   Henschel & Son 18175 1921
C51 01   4-6-0   Beyer, Peacock and Company 5593 1912
C54 17   4-6-0   Beyer, Peacock and Company 6122 1922
D10 07   0-8-0T   Sächsische Maschinenfabrik 3804 1914
D51 06   2-8-2   Sächsische Maschinenfabrik 4135 1920
F10 02   2-12-2T   Hanomag 6814 1913
BB10 12   0-4-4-2T   Sächsische Maschinenfabrik 3902 1906
CC50 29   2-6-6-0   Swiss Locomotive and Machine Works 3253 1928
BB200 08   A1A-A1A   EMD 22434 1957 Stored at Tuntang station.[16]
CC200 15   Co-2-Co   GE–ALCO 31918 1953
DD55 12   B-B   Fuji Heavy Industries n/a 1974 Stored at Tuntang station.[16]
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  •  
    B25 02 (ex-NIS Class 232), one of the three locomotives that are still active.
  •  
    CC5029 (ex-SS1629), one of the 2-6-6-0 "Denver" type mallet locomotive which preserved as static display, during colonial time it also known as Bergkoningin (Queen of the Mountains), because it was used in the mountainous line in West Java. Later it was known as Si Gombar (The Monster} due to its huge size.
  •  
    Krupp Diesel hydraulic D301 24 was shunting at Ambarawa station
  •  
    A General Electric diesel electric CC 200 15 as the first generation of diesel–electric engine preserved by Indonesian Railway Preservation Society (IRPS) at Ambarawa.


See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b Buku Informasi Direktorat Jenderal Perkeretaapian 2014 (PDF) (in Indonesian). Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 January 2020.
  2. ^ a b Rob Dickinson (2010). "About the Ambarawa Railway Museum". internationalsteam.co.uk. Retrieved 8 January 2010.
  3. ^ a b c d e "142 Tahun Stasiun Ambarawa – Wisata Sejarah Kereta Api Indonesia". heritage.kereta-api.co.id, PT Kereta Api Indonesia (in Indonesian). Kompas. 23 May 2015. p. 12.
  4. ^ "Museum Kereta Api Ambarawa" (in Indonesian). museumindonesia.com. 2009. Retrieved 7 September 2016.
  5. ^ a b c d e Rob Dickinson (2010). "The Ambarawa Railway Museum". internationalsteam.co.uk. Retrieved 8 January 2010.
  6. ^ Under Peraturan Menteri Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata Nomor PM.57/PW.007/MKP/2010
  7. ^ Schetskaart van de spoorweg Samarang-Vorstenlanden door de Raad van Beheer der Nederlandsch-Indische Spoorweg-Maatschappij aan de Heeren leden van de Staten-Generaal aangeboden. 1869.
  8. ^ Banck, J.E. (1869). Geschiedenis van het Nederlandsch-Indische Spoorweg Maatschappij. M.J. Fisser.
  9. ^ Perquin, B.L.M.C. (1921). Nederlandsch Indische staatsspooren tramwegen. Bureau Industria.
  10. ^ Archiv Für Eisenbahnwesen. Vol. 58. 1935.
  11. ^ Heritage, KAI. "Indonesian Railway Museum (Ambarawa)" (in English and Indonesian).
  12. ^ Wisata, KAI. "Museum Ambarawa" (in Indonesian).
  13. ^ Dickinson, Rob. "Locomotives of the Ambarawa Railway Museum". internationalsteam.co.uk. Retrieved 11 March 2024.
  14. ^ Krishnamurti, Indra (6 December 2004). "Steam Locomotive Roster, Page 1". Keretapi.
  15. ^ Krishnamurti, Indra (6 December 2004). "Diesel Locomotive Roster". Keretapi.
  16. ^ a b "PERAWATAN LOKOMOTIF DIESEL KUNO". antarafoto.com. 4 October 2017. Retrieved 11 March 2024.

Literature

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  • Lenzi, Iola (2004). Museums of Southeast Asia. Singapore: Archipelago Press. p. 200. ISBN 981-4068-96-9.
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7°15′56″S 110°24′05″E / 7.265424°S 110.401359°E / -7.265424; 110.401359

Preceding station   Kereta Api Indonesia   Following station
Tuntang
towards Kedungjati 		  Kedungjati–Secang   Jambu
towards Secang
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