Balkania, otherwise known as the Balkan Federation, was the name of a hypothetical confederacy proposed as an independent successor state to the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in the Balkans, suggested by the Kosovo Albanian politician and human rights defender Adem Demaçi in 1996.[1][2]
Intended as an alternative, peaceful resolution to the Serbo–Albanian ethnic conflict, it would have transformed the rump third Yugoslavia into a confederation consisting of the democratic Republics of Kosovo, Serbia, and Montenegro.[1][2][3][4] The proposal became moot when the Republic of Montenegro declared its independence from FR Yugoslavia in 2006, and after the still disputed Republic of Kosovo declared its independence as well in 2008.
Another confederation with the same name, "Balkania", was proposed during the Interwar period by the Romanian historian Victor Papacostea in 1936, in order to solve regional conflicts between Bulgaria and Romania.[5]
Notes and references
editReferences:
- ^ a b c Koinova, Maria (2013). "International Agents, Self-Reinforcement of Conflict Dynamics, and Processes of Change". Ethnonationalist Conflict in Postcommunist States: Varieties of Governance in Bulgaria, Macedonia, and Kosovo. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 114–117. ISBN 9780812245226. JSTOR j.ctt3fhscq.8. LCCN 2013012707.
- ^ a b c Janjić, Dusan; Lalaj, Anna; Pula, Besnik (2013). "Kosovo under the Milošević Regime". In Ingrao, Charles; Emmert, Thomas A. (eds.). Confronting the Yugoslav Controversies: A Scholars' Initiative. Central European Studies. West Lafayette, Indiana: Purdue University Press. pp. 293–295. doi:10.2307/j.ctt6wq753.13. ISBN 9781612492285. LCCN 2012029231.
- ^ Demaci in Belgrade
- ^ Interview: Adem Demaci, the best known Albanian political prisoner in the former Yugoslavia
- ^ Nyagulov, Blagovest (2012). "Ideas of federation and personal union with regard to Bulgaria and Romania". Bulgarian Historical Review (3–4). Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences: 36–61. ISSN 0204-8906.
See also
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- Agreement on the path to normalization between Kosovo and Serbia (2023)
- Albania–Kosovo relations
- Albania–Serbia relations
- Albania–Yugoslavia relations
- Balkan Federation
- Balkan Wars (1912–1913)
- Balkanization
- Foreign relations of Albania
- Foreign relations of Serbia
- Kosovo–Serbia relations
- Open Balkan
- Yugoslav Wars (1991–2001)
- Dayton Agreement (1995)
- International sanctions against FR Yugoslavia (1991–2000)
- Kosovo War (1998–1999)
- NATO bombing of Yugoslavia (1999)
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