Serbia — Србија — Srbija
Panoramic view of Belgrade and the confluence of the Sava River and the Danube
Flag of Serbia Coat of Arms of Serbia
Serbia Republic of Serbia , is a landlocked country at the crossroads of Southeast and Central Europe , located in the Balkans and the Pannonian Plain . It borders Hungary to the north, Romania to the northeast, Bulgaria to the southeast, North Macedonia to the south, Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina to the west, and Montenegro to the southwest. Serbia claims a border with Albania through the disputed territory of Kosovo . Serbia has about 6.6 million inhabitants, excluding Kosovo. Its capital Belgrade is also the largest city .
Continuously inhabited since the Paleolithic Age, the territory of modern-day Serbia faced Slavic migrations in the 6th century. Several regional states were founded in the early Middle Ages and were at times recognised as tributaries to the Byzantine , Frankish and Hungarian kingdoms. The Serbian Kingdom obtained recognition by the Holy See and Constantinople in 1217, reaching its territorial apex in 1346 as the Serbian Empire . By the mid-16th century, the Ottomans annexed the entirety of modern-day Serbia; their rule was at times interrupted by the Habsburg Empire , which began expanding towards Central Serbia from the end of the 17th century while maintaining a foothold in Vojvodina . In the early 19th century, the Serbian Revolution established the nation-state as the region's first constitutional monarchy , which subsequently expanded its territory. In 1918, in the aftermath of World War I , the Kingdom of Serbia united with the former Habsburg crownland of Vojvodina ; later in the same year it joined with other South Slavic nations in the foundation of Yugoslavia , which existed in various political formations until the Yugoslav Wars of the 1990s. During the breakup of Yugoslavia , Serbia formed a union with Montenegro , which was peacefully dissolved in 2006, restoring Serbia's independence as a sovereign state for the first time since 1918. In 2008, representatives of the Assembly of Kosovo unilaterally declared independence , with mixed responses from the international community while Serbia continues to claim it as part of its own sovereign territory .
Serbia is an upper-middle income economy and provides universal health care and free primary and secondary education to its citizens. It is a unitary parliamentary constitutional republic , member of the UN , CoE , OSCE , PfP , BSEC , CEFTA , and is acceding to the WTO . Since 2014, the country has been negotiating its EU accession , with the possibility of joining the European Union by 2030. Serbia formally adheres to the policy of military neutrality . (Full article...
Paja Jovanović , Migration of the Serbs (Seoba Srba ), c. 1896 , oil on canvas, 126 by 190 centimetres (50 by 75 in), Pančevo MuseumSeoba Srba Migration of the Serbs oil paintings by the Serbian artist Paja Jovanović that depict Serbs , led by Archbishop Arsenije III , fleeing Old Serbia during the Great Serb Migration of 1690–91. The first was commissioned in 1895 by Georgije Branković , the Patriarch of Karlovci , to be displayed at the following year's Budapest Millennium Exhibition. In the view of the Serbian clergy, it would serve to legitimize Serb claims to religious autonomy and partial self-administration in Austria-Hungary by upholding the contention that Serbs left their homeland at the behest of the Holy Roman Emperor to protect the Habsburg monarchy 's borders.
Measuring 380 by 580 centimetres (150 by 230 in), the first painting was completed in 1896 , and presented to Patriarch Georgije later that year. Dissatisfied, the Patriarch asked Jovanović to adjust his work to conform with the Church's view of the migration. Though Jovanović made the changes relatively quickly, he could not render them in time for the painting to be displayed in Budapest, and it therefore had to be unveiled at the Archbishop's palace in Sremski Karlovci . Jovanović went on to complete a total of four versions of the painting, three of which survive. The first version is on display at the patriarchate building of the Serbian Orthodox Church in Belgrade , the second at the Pančevo Museum, and the fourth at Princess Ljubica's Residence , in Belgrade. Migration of the Serbs holds iconic status in Serbian popular culture, and several authors repute it to be one of Jovanović's finest achievements. (Full article...
Population statistics of Serbia (2011 census)
Serbia 7,186,862
Belgrade region 1,659,440
Vojvodina region 1,931,809
Šumadija and West Serbia region 2,031,697
South and East Serbia region 1,563,916
Kosovo and Metohija n/a See more...
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Belgrade Novi Sad - 335,701Niš - 257,867Kragujevac - 177,468Leskovac - 143,962Subotica - 140,358Kruševac - 127,429Kraljevo - 124,554Zrenjanin - 122,714Pančevo - 122,252Šabac - 115,347Čačak - 114,809Smederevo - 107,528Sombor - 97,263Valjevo - 95,631
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