Law enforcement in Belize is conducted by the Belize Police Department, the country’s national police force. It is headed by a Commissioner and is headquartered in Belmopan.
| Belize Police Department | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Common name | Belize Police |
| Abbreviation | BPD |
| Motto | Working in Partnership with the community for a safer Belize. |
| Agency overview | |
| Formed | 1886 |
| Employees | 1,255 |
| Jurisdictional structure | |
| Governing body | Ministry of Home Affairs |
| General nature | |
| Operational structure | |
| Headquarters | Belize City |
| Sworn members | 1,073 |
| Unsworn members | 141 |
| Elected officer responsible |
|
| Agency executive |
|
| Facilities | |
| Stations | Area Headquarters: 5
Division Headquarters: Stations: Recruiting Centres: |
| Website | |
| Official Site | |
History
editThe Belize Police Department is descended from the British Honduras Constabulary (BHC), and started by the burgess family which was established in 1886.[1] Constabulary personnel initially numbered 141 and were recruited in Barbados because local men showed no interest in enlisting.[1] The government assigned the early police the task of preserving law and order in the colony.[1] The Constabulary was at first a paramilitary force, but in 1902, it was made into a civil police force.[1]
The constabulary was reorganized after World War I, when soldiers returning from service abroad (as well as several Barbadians and Jamaicans[citation needed]) joined the force.[1] The force was reorganized again in 1957, when its first commissioner of police instituted modernizing reforms that resulted in the force's present form.[1] During the colonial period, expatriate officers filled all senior posts in the police.[1] But with self-government and then independence, more Belizeans assumed positions of authority.[1] The official name of the force was changed to the Belize National Police in 1973,[1] later the word Force was changed to fit the new vision of the police and it is now known as the Belize Police Department.[citation needed] In the early 1990s, the commissioner and all senior police officers were Belizeans.[1]
As of 1991, the force, which was part of the Ministry of Home Affairs, was the sole organization responsible for policing the country and for managing regular immigration matters.[1] A commissioner of police headed the force.[1] The governor general appointed the commissioner with the concurrence of the prime minister after consultation with the leader of the opposition.[1] The commissioner exercised operational and disciplinary control over the police force.[1]
As of the early 1990s, the police force had an authorized strength of approximately 500, a ratio of about three police to every 1,000 inhabitants.[1] Police operations were divided into three territorial divisions: Eastern, which included Belmopan and Belize City; Central; and Western.[1] The force had a small maritime element that operated six shallow-draft motorboats capable of patrolling coastal waters frequented by smugglers.[1]
The force was also divided into three operational branches: General Duties, Crime Investigation, and Tactical Service.[1] The Tactical Service, formed in 1978, assumed the nonmilitary responsibilities of its predecessor, the Police Special Force, which was incorporated into the Belize Defence Force (BDF).[1]
The police underwent training at the Police Training School in Belmopan.[1] In sixteen-week programs, recruits studied general police duties and procedures, criminal law, evidence, traffic management, and firearms.[1] Senior police officers attended a ten-week command course run by the British police in Britain.[1] There were a small number of women police in the force, and the first woman was promoted to the rank of inspector in 1989.[1] All personnel were subject to transfer anywhere in the country.[1]
Police performed their regular duties unarmed, although arms were issued for special duties or in cases of extreme necessity.
Officers' uniforms resembled those of British police forces.[1] Sergeants and lower ranks wore khaki shirts, blue serge trousers with a green seam on both sides, and dark blue peaked caps.[1] Some police investigators were not required to wear uniforms.[1]
During the 1980s, the large increase in drug trafficking greatly challenged the police.[1] Unfortunately, some personnel proved vulnerable to corruption by traffickers, and public confidence in the police suffered from charges of official collusion in the drug trade.[1] Public perceptions of the police also suffered from charges that police sometimes resorted to unnecessary force in their efforts to deal with escalating violent crime.[1] During the late 1980s, police leadership began to focus on both problems, expressing a willingness to pursue every allegation of malpractice and to rid the police of unworthy personnel.[1] Penalties for official violators of criminal statutes also increased.[1]
Strength
editOn 31 March 2008, the Belize Police Department maintained 1,073 sworn officers and 141 civilian employees.[2]
Organization
editThe Belize Police Department is headed by a Commissioner and is divided into two main branches, Operational and Administrative, headed by an Assistant Commissioner and the Deputy Commissioner, respectively, which contain the following units:[3]
- Headquarters, National Criminal Investigation Branch – Detective Branch
- Special Branch – handles national security matters
- Operations – which consists of the Anti-Drug Unit and Uniformed Operations, including the Gang Suppression Unit and the Mobile Interdiction Team.
- Uniformed operations consists of Community Policing, the Special Patrol Unit, and the National Traffic Branch.
- Eastern Division
- Management Services, which consists of the following:
- Internal Affairs
- National Prosecuting Branch
- Planning Unit and Inspections
- Personnel Officer
- Administration
- Chaplain, Welfare and Sports
- Police Information and Technology unit (PITU)
- Training Director
- Training Academic
Ranks
editThe Belize Police Department ranks are listed in descending order:
- Commissioner of Police
- Deputy Commissioner
- Assistant Commissioners
- Senior Superintendents
- Superintendents
- Assistant Superintendents
- Inspectors
- Sergeants
- Corporals
- Constables
Operations
edit- See article John McAfee
On 30 April 2012, the Belize Police raided John McAfee's property in Orange Walk Town, The raid was conducted by the Gang Suppression Unit. A GSU press release stated that McAfee was arrested for unlicensed drug manufacturing and possession of an unlicensed weapon.[4] He was released without charge.[5] In 2012, Belize police spokesman Raphael Martinez confirmed that he was not convicted nor charged but only suspected.[6]
On 12 November 2012, Belize police started a search for McAfee as a "person of interest" in connection to the murder of American expatriate Gregory Viant Faull. Faull was found dead of a gunshot wound on 11 November 2012, at his home on the island of Ambergris Caye, the largest island in Belize.[7][8] Faull was a neighbour of McAfee.[9] No one has yet been formally charged.[8] In a November 2012 interview with Wired,[10] McAfee said that he has always been afraid police would kill him and thus refused their routine questions; he has since been evading the Belizean authorities.[9] Belize's prime minister Dean Barrow called McAfee "extremely paranoid, even bonkers".[11] McAfee fled Belize when he was sought for questioning concerning the murder.[12][13][14]
See also
edit
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af Cooke, Melinda W. (1993). "The Belize National Police". In Merrill, Tim (ed.). Guyana and Belize: country studies (2nd ed.). Washington, D.C.: Federal Research Division, Library of Congress. pp. 303–305. ISBN 0-8444-0778-X. OCLC 28066032.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.{{cite encyclopedia}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link) - ^ "Belize Police Department". www.police.gov.bz.
- ^ "Belize Police Department". www.police.gov.bz.
- ^ Wise, Jeff. "Secrets, Schemes, and Lots of Guns: Inside John McAfee's Heart of Darkness".
- ^ Jones, Patrick E. (13 November 2012). "Belize police urge software founder to appear". Associated Press. Retrieved 26 December 2012.
- ^ UPDATE 2-Software pioneer McAfee says framed for murder in Belize, Reuters, 13 November 2012, archived from the original on 24 September 2015, retrieved 30 June 2017
- ^ Jeff Wise (12 November 2012), Exclusive: John McAfee Wanted for Murder, Gizmodo
- ^ a b Jeremy A. Kaplan, Alec Liu (12 November 2012), Exclusive: U.S. antivirus legend John McAfee wanted for murder in Belize, Fox News
- ^ a b Davis, Joshua Davis (12 November 2012), Murder Suspect John McAfee: I'm Innocent, Wired
- ^ Menchu, Sofia; Kriel, Lomi (6 December 2012). "Guatemala detains software guru McAfee, to expel him to Belize". Reuters.com. Archived from the original on 26 January 2016. Retrieved 26 December 2012.
- ^ Allen, Nick (15 November 2012). "John Mcafee is 'bonkers', says Belize prime minister". The Telegraph. London. Retrieved 15 November 2012.
- ^ Menchu, Sofia (6 December 2012). "Guatemala detains software guru McAfee, to expel him to Belize". Reuters. Archived from the original on 26 January 2016. Retrieved 26 December 2012.
- ^ "Fugitive McAfee seeks asylum in Guatemala". AFB. 15 November 2012. Archived from the original on 8 December 2012. Retrieved 5 December 2012.
- ^ "UPDATE 4-Guatemala detains software guru McAfee, to expel him to Belize". Reuters. 6 December 2012. Archived from the original on 10 January 2013. Retrieved 26 December 2012.
