This article may be too long to read and navigate comfortably. (November 2024) |
Joe Biden's tenure as the 46th president of the United States began with his inauguration on January 20, 2021.[1][2] Biden, a member of the Democratic Party who previously served as vice president for two terms under President Barack Obama from 2009 to 2017, took office after his victory in the 2020 presidential election over the incumbent president, Donald Trump of the Republican Party. Upon his inauguration, he became the oldest president in American history, breaking the record set by Ronald Reagan.[3] Biden entered office amid the COVID-19 pandemic, an economic crisis, and increased political polarization.[4] He withdrew his bid for a second term in the 2024 presidential election due to low popularity and concerns over his age and health.[5] He is to be succeeded by Trump in January 2025, who won the aforementioned election.
 | |
| Presidency of Joe Biden January 20, 2021 – present | |
| Cabinet | See list |
|---|---|
| Party | Democratic |
| Election | 2020 |
| Seat | White House |
| Official website | |
Day one actions of his presidency included restoring U.S. participation in the Paris Agreement, revoking the permit for the Keystone XL pipeline and halting funding for Trump's border wall.[6] On his second day, he issued a series of executive orders to reduce the impact of COVID-19, including invoking the Defense Production Act of 1950, and set an early goal of achieving one hundred million COVID-19 vaccinations in the United States in his first 100 days.[7] The first major legislation signed into law by Biden was the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021, a $1.9 trillion stimulus bill that temporarily established expanded unemployment insurance and sent $1,400 stimulus checks to most Americans in response to continued economic pressure from COVID-19.[8] He signed the bipartisan Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, a ten-year plan brokered by Biden alongside Democrats and Republicans in Congress to invest in American roads, bridges, public transit, ports and broadband access.[9]
Biden proposed a significant expansion of the U.S. social safety net through the Build Back Better Act, but those efforts, along with voting rights legislation, failed in Congress. In August 2022, Biden signed the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022, a domestic appropriations bill that included some of the provisions of the Build Back Better Act after the entire bill failed to pass. It included significant federal investment in climate and domestic clean energy production, tax credits for solar panels, electric cars and other home energy programs as well as a three-year extension of Affordable Care Act subsidies, an insulin price cap, and a provision allowing Medicare to negotiate drug prices. In late 2022, Biden signed the Respect for Marriage Act, which repealed the Defense of Marriage Act and codified same-sex and interracial marriage in the United States. Other domestic legislation signed during his term included the Bipartisan Safer Communities Act, the first major federal gun control law in nearly three decades;[10] the CHIPS and Science Act, bolstering the semiconductor and manufacturing industry; the Honoring our PACT Act, expanding health care for US veterans; the Electoral Count Reform and Presidential Transition Improvement Act; and the Juneteenth National Independence Day Act, making Juneteenth a federal holiday in the United States. He appointed Ketanji Brown Jackson to the U.S. Supreme Court—the first Black woman to serve on the court. In response to the debt-ceiling crisis of 2023, Biden negotiated and signed the Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023, which restrains federal spending for fiscal years 2024 and 2025, implements minor changes to SNAP and TANF, includes energy permitting reform, claws back some IRS funding and unspent money for COVID-19, and suspends the debt ceiling to January 1, 2025.[11] He established the American Climate Corps and created the first ever White House Office of Gun Violence Prevention. On September 26, 2023, Biden visited a United Auto Workers picket line during the 2023 United Auto Workers strike, making him the first US president to visit one. Biden also rigorously enforced antitrust laws by appointing Lina Khan to head the FTC.[12]
The foreign policy goal of the Biden administration is to restore the US to a "position of trusted leadership" among global democracies in order to address the challenges posed by Russia and China. Biden signed AUKUS, an international security alliance together with Australia and the United Kingdom. He supported the expansion of NATO with the additions of Finland and Sweden. Biden approved a raid which led to the death of Abu Ibrahim al-Hashimi al-Qurashi, the leader of the Islamic State, and approved a drone strike which killed Ayman Al Zawahiri, leader of Al-Qaeda. He completed the withdrawal of U.S. military forces from Afghanistan, declaring an end to nation-building efforts and shifting U.S. foreign policy toward strategic competition with China and, to a lesser extent, Russia.[13][14][15] However, during the withdrawal, the Afghan government collapsed and the Taliban seized control, leading to Biden receiving bipartisan criticism. He responded to the Russian invasion of Ukraine by imposing sanctions on Russia as well as providing Ukraine with over $100 billion in combined military, economic, and humanitarian aid.[16][17] During the Israel–Hamas war, Biden condemned the actions of Hamas and other Palestinian militants as terrorism and announced American military support for Israel; he also sent humanitarian aid to the Gaza Strip and brokered a four-day temporary pause and hostage exchange. Biden negotiated and oversaw the 2024 Ankara prisoner exchange, the largest prisoner exchange since the end of the Cold War, involving the release of twenty-six individuals, including American journalist Evan Gershkovich and former United States Marine Paul Whelan.
Biden began his term with over 50% approval ratings; however, these fell significantly after the withdrawal from Afghanistan,[18] and remained low as the country experienced high inflation and rising gas prices, even as they would eventually reduce over his presidency.[19][20] His age and mental fitness remained a frequent subject of discussion throughout his presidency, ultimately culminating in his late decision to not seek re-election.[21] Despite this, Biden oversaw the strongest economic recovery of any G7 nation post COVID-19 and one of the strongest economic recoveries in United States history, breaking a 70-year record for low unemployment,[22] and the creation of over 16 million new jobs, the most of any single term president.[23]
2020 election
Joe Biden officially announced his candidacy for the nomination of the Democratic Party in the 2020 presidential election on April 25, 2019, having previously sought the Democratic nomination in 1988 and 2008, being unsuccessful both times.[24] In June 2020, Biden clinched the nomination by winning a majority of the delegates to become the presumptive nominee for the Democratic Party following the party's presidential primaries. Biden selected Senator Kamala Harris of California as his running mate, and they were officially nominated as the Democratic ticket at the 2020 Democratic National Convention.
On November 7, four days after the Election Day, Biden was projected to have won Pennsylvania (a flip from the previous presidential election), thereby receiving enough electoral votes to secure the presidency. Biden have defeated the incumbent Republican president Donald Trump, becoming president-elect of the United States[25][26][27][28][29] with 306 of the total 538 electoral votes and 51.3% of the popular votes. The Trump campaign launched at least 63 lawsuits against the results,[30] especially in the battleground states of Arizona, Georgia, Michigan, Nevada, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin, raising unevidenced claims of widespread voter fraud that were subsequently dismissed by courts.[31][32] In the concurrent congressional elections, Democrats retained a narrow majority in the House of Representatives and narrowly took control of the Senate, leaving the partisan balance in the Senate at fifty Democrats and fifty Republicans.
Transition period, inauguration, and first 100 days
.jpg)
Though Biden was generally acknowledged as the winner,[26][27][28][29] General Services Administration head Emily W. Murphy initially refused to begin the transition to the president-elect, thereby denying funds and office space to his team.[33][34] On November 23, after Michigan certified its results, Murphy issued the letter of ascertainment, granting the Biden transition team access to federal funds and resources for an orderly transition.[35]
Two days after becoming the projected winner of the 2020 election, Biden announced the formation of a task force to advise him on the COVID-19 pandemic during the transition, co-chaired by former Surgeon General Vivek Murthy, former FDA commissioner David A. Kessler, and Yale University's Marcella Nunez-Smith.[36]
On January 5, 2021, the Democratic Party won control of the United States Senate, effective January 20, as a result of electoral victories in Georgia by Jon Ossoff in a runoff election for a six-year term and Raphael Warnock in a special runoff election for a two-year term.[37][38] President-elect Biden had supported and campaigned for both candidates prior to the runoff elections on January 5.[39][40]
On January 6, a mob of thousands of Trump supporters violently stormed the Capitol in the hope of overturning Biden's election, forcing Congress to evacuate during the counting of the Electoral College votes.[41][42] More than 26,000 National Guard members were deployed to the capital for the inauguration, with thousands remaining into the spring.[43]
On January 20, 2021, Biden was sworn in by U.S. Chief Justice John Roberts as the 46th president of the United States, completing the oath of office at 11:49 am EST, eleven minutes before the legal start of his term.[44][45]
Inaugural address
Biden's inaugural speech laid out his vision to unite the nation, prefaced by the various impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, economic strife, climate change, political polarization, and racial injustice.[46] Biden called for an end to the "uncivil war" of political, demographic, and ideological American cultures through a greater embrace of diversity.[47] He cited the American Civil War, Great Depression, world wars, and September 11 attacks as moments in American history where citizens' "better angels" prevailed, saying that the unity, the solution, must again be invoked to rise from the "cascading" crises of the present; this unity, he proclaimed, exists in the "common objects" that define America: "opportunity, liberty, dignity, respect, honor, and ... truth."[48][49] He explicitly decried white supremacy and nativism, calling them an "ugly reality" of American life he vows to defeat that clouds the "American ideal" set out in the U.S. Declaration of Independence — that all Americans are equal.[47][49][50] Biden pledged that the U.S. would "engage with the world once again", "repair our alliances", and act as a "trusted partner for peace and security".[51] Near the conclusion of his speech, Biden held a moment of silence for those who died in the COVID-19 pandemic.[48] Quoting the Gene Scheer composition "American Anthem",[52] he implored Americans to consider their legacy in answering the "call of history" to protect "democracy, hope, truth, and justice", "secure liberty", and make America a "beacon to the world", insisting that generations of their descendants would judge them on their actions.[48]
Administration
Biden was inaugurated alongside Kamala Harris, the first woman, first African American, and first Asian American vice president.[53]
On November 11, 2020, Biden selected Ron Klain, who served as his vice presidential chief of staff, to serve as his White House chief of staff.[54] Biden chose Jen Psaki, deputy White House press secretary and U.S. Department of State spokesperson during the presidency of Barack Obama, as his White House press secretary. Psaki announced, and has held, daily press briefings for White House reporters. On March 25, 2021, Biden held his first solo press conference after 64 days in office,[55] unlike his most recent predecessors (back to Herbert Hoover in 1929), who all held their first solo press conferences within 33 days of taking office.[56][57]
On November 17, 2020, Biden announced that he had selected Mike Donilon as senior advisor and Steve Ricchetti as counselor.[58] Jen O'Malley Dillon, who had served as campaign manager for Biden's successful presidential campaign, was named as deputy chief of staff.[59]
Cabinet
Biden selected Antony Blinken to be secretary of state, Linda Thomas-Greenfield as ambassador to the United Nations, and Jake Sullivan as national security advisor.[60][61]
On November 23, 2020, Biden announced Alejandro Mayorkas to be his choice for Secretary of Homeland Security and Avril Haines as Director of National Intelligence.[62] Throughout December and January, Biden continued to select cabinet members, including Marty Walsh, the then current mayor of Boston, as his Secretary of Labor.[63][64]
Biden altered his cabinet structure, elevating the chair of the Council of Economic Advisers, director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy, and ambassador to the United Nations as cabinet-level positions.[65][66][67] Biden removed the director of the Central Intelligence Agency from his official cabinet at the onset of his presidency, but he restored it to the cabinet in 2023.[68][69]
While administering the oath of office to hundreds of White House officials through video conferencing, Biden called for more civility in politics, saying: "If you ever work with me and I hear you treat another colleague with disrespect, talk down to someone, I promise you I will fire you on the spot. ... No ifs, ands, or buts."[70]
Judicial appointments
As of September 25, 2024[update], the United States Senate has confirmed 213 Article III judges nominated by Biden: one associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, 44 judges for the United States courts of appeals, 166 judges for the United States district courts and two judges for the United States Court of International Trade.
United States Supreme Court nominations
.jpg)
Domestic affairs
Health care
Biden strongly campaigned for the presidency on the public option, a policy that, if enacted into law, would have offered Americans a choice between maintaining their private healthcare insurance or buying into Medicare. The idea was viewed as a compromise between the progressive and moderate flanks of the Democratic Party. The Biden campaign described the public option as a "plan to protect and build on ObamaCare".[84]
However, shortly before taking office in January 2021, Biden's team abruptly dropped the proposal, frustrating many online progressives who already viewed the public option healthcare proposal as a failure to fight the status quo.[85]
The Biden administration rescinded work requirements for Medicaid recipients.[86] The administration opened a special enrollment period for the Affordable Care Act as well as extending the normal enrollment period, citing the COVID-19 pandemic.[87][88] The administration provided larger premium subsidies.[89]
In August 2022, President Biden signed into law the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022. The law allocates $64 billion[90] for a three-year expansion of Affordable Care Act subsidies originally expanded under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 and $265 billion[citation needed] for prescription drug price reform to lower prices, including providing Medicare the authority to negotiate the prices for certain drugs with pharmaceutical companies.[91]
That same month, Biden signed into law the Honoring our PACT Act of 2022, which expands federal health care access, services, and funding for veterans who were exposed to toxic substances during their service, including toxic smoke from burn pits.[92]
Opioid epidemic
Drug overdoses killed 106,699 in the United States in 2021.[93] Opioids were involved in 80,411 overdose deaths in 2021, up from around 10,000 in 1999.[94]
In June 2023, U.S. federal prosecutors announced criminal indictments of fentanyl precursor producers in China.[95] In October 2023, OFAC sanctioned a China-based network of fentanyl manufacturers and distributors.[96][97] In 2023, the Biden administration announced a crackdown on Mexican drug cartels smuggling fentanyl into the United States.[98]
Rahul Gupta led White House efforts to combat the opioid epidemic.[99]
COVID-19 pandemic
.jpg)
On January 20, 2021, his first day as president, Biden implemented a federal mask mandate, requiring the use of masks and social distancing in all federal buildings, on federal lands, and by federal employees and contractors.[100][101][6] Biden also signed an executive order that reversed the withdrawal of the U.S. from the World Health Organization (WHO), making Dr. Anthony Fauci the head of the delegation to the WHO.[101] On January 21, the administration released a 200-page document titled "National Strategy for the COVID-19 Response and Pandemic Preparedness".[102][103] That same day, Biden invoked the Defense Production Act to speed up the vaccination process and ensure the availability of glass vials, syringes, and other vaccine supplies at the federal level.[104][105] In justifying his use of the act, Biden said: "And when I say wartime, people kind of look at me like 'wartime?' Well, as I said last night, 400,000 Americans have died. That's more than have died in all of World War II. 400,000. This is a wartime undertaking."[106] Biden established the White House COVID-19 Response Team, a White House Office dedicated to coordinating a unified federal government response.[107]
According to a report by Reuters, in mid-2021 the Biden administration ended a military-run propaganda campaign to spread disinformation about the Sinovac Chinese COVID-19 vaccine which had begun in 2020 during the Trump administration.[108] The campaign was described as "payback" for COVID-19 disinformation by China directed against the U.S.[109] Primarily targeting people in the Philippines, the campaign used fake social media accounts to spread disinformation, including that the Sinovac vaccine contained pork-derived ingredients and was therefore haram under Islamic law.[108]
On January 21, 2021, Biden signed ten executive orders pertaining to the COVID-19 pandemic.[110] In order to meet his vaccination goal of a hundred million shots in his first 100 days in office, Biden signed an executive order increasing needed supplies.[7][111] Biden signed an order on January 21 that directed FEMA to offer full reimbursements to states for the cost of using their own National Guard personnel and emergency supplies such as Personal Protective Equipment in schools.[7][112] On January 24, 2021, Biden reinstated a travel ban imposed by President Trump on Brazil, United Kingdom, Ireland, South Africa, and 26 other European countries.[113][114][115] The travel ban prevents non-U.S. citizens living in the prospective countries from entering the U.S.[116] Biden implemented a face mask requirement on nearly all forms of public transportation and inside of transportation hubs; previously, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) had recommended that such a policy be enacted but it was blocked by the Trump administration, under which the CDC issued strong, albeit non-binding recommendations for mask use in these settings.[117]
In mid-March 2021, Biden dismissed a request by the European Union to export unused COVID-19 vaccines from AstraZeneca out of the U.S. even though the manufacturer endorsed it and vowed to resupply the doses. The rationale for this decision, which contributed to low European vaccination rates, was that the U.S. had to be "over-supplied and over-prepared", according to White House press secretary Jen Psaki.[118] Whereas the U.S. exported no vaccines, the European Union exported 77 million doses to the world from December 2020 to March 2021.[119] Eventually, the U.S. reversed course and gave vaccine doses from AstraZeneca to Mexico, Canada, and Japan by the end of March.[120]
On May 6, 2021, the Biden administration announced that it supports waiving patent protections on existing COVID-19 vaccines so that other countries can produce generic variants, after weeks of pressure from the international community.[121] On 7 May, French president Emmanuel Macron called on the U.S. "to put an end to export bans not only on vaccines but on vaccine ingredients, which prevent production."[122]
On May 26, 2021, Biden ordered U.S. intelligence agencies to increase their investigations into the origin of the virus, after reports that researchers at the Wuhan Institute of Virology became ill a month before the pandemic began.[123]
In July 2021, amid a slowing of the COVID-19 vaccination rate in the country and the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant, Biden said that the U.S. has "a pandemic for those who haven't gotten the vaccination" and that it was therefore "gigantically important" for Americans to be vaccinated, touting the vaccines' effectiveness against hospitalizations and deaths from COVID-19.[124] He also criticized the prevalence of COVID-19 misinformation on social media, saying it was "killing people".[125]
Despite months of vaccine availability and incentives, by September many Americans continued to resist vaccination amid rising cases in several states, hampering prospects towards herd immunity. On September 9, Biden stated, "We've been patient. But our patience is wearing thin, and your refusal has cost all of us." That day he issued an executive order directing businesses with more than 100 employees to require vaccination of their workers or weekly testing, affecting about 80 million Americans. The order also required the roughly 17 million employees of health facilities receiving federal Medicare or Medicaid to be vaccinated.[126] Many Republicans asserted Biden's order was an unconstitutional overreach of federal authority, and some Republican governors said they would sue to block it.[127]
The Biden administration responded to the global spread of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in December 2021 by advocating response by the states instead of the federal government.[128] Throughout the surge, the Biden administration has been criticized for a lack of COVID-19 tests, exacerbating the spread of the Omicron variant. When questioned about the apparent shortage of tests, Jen Psaki replied, "Should we just send one to every American? Then what happens if every American has one test? How much does that cost and what happens after that?",[129] causing backlash.[130] The Biden administration responded by promising an increased supply of at-home tests later in 2022.[131]
In the midst of an all-time high of new COVID-19 cases,[132] the Centers for Disease Control revised their guidelines, recommending five days of quarantine rather than ten without requiring a negative COVID-19 test.[133] This move was criticized by health experts who worry that without rapid testing, COVID-positive people may unknowingly spread COVID-19 in workplaces under the recommended CDC guidelines. Others criticize the CDC for implementing this change after lobbying by Delta Airlines, leading to social media backlash against the federal government.[134]
Cancer research
.jpg)
Biden gave a speech at the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum on September 12, 2022, the 60th anniversary of Kennedy's We Choose to Go to the Moon speech, promoting his administration's revival of the Beau Biden Cancer Moonshot, including the new Advanced Research Projects Agency for Health.[135]
Economy
The New Republic praised Biden's economic record in July 2024, highlighting record low unemployment leading to a growth in wages at the lower end of the wage distribution as workers had more bargaining power. While inflation was painful, it has returned near its pre-pandemic rate and was similar to peer countries, though the U.S. has grown faster than its peers.[136] The expansion of the Affordable Care Act, the child tax credit, $1400 stimulus checks, and the expansion of SNAP benefits also boosted balance sheets for low and middle-income Americans.[136] New business formation rose 30% from pre-pandemic levels, and was notably strong among women.[136] Biden also signed three major pieces of longer-term economic legislation to repair infrastructure like roads, bridges and water pipes, boost semiconductor investment, and expand green energy.[136]
In February 2024, the total federal government debt grew to $34.4 trillion after having grown by approximately $1 trillion in both of two separate 100-day periods since the previous June.[137]
Build Back Better Plan
The Build Back Better Plan was a proposed framework of public investment in social, infrastructural, and environmental programs. It was eventually divided into three parts. The American Rescue Plan was focused on COVID-19 pandemic relief, and was passed and signed into law in March 2021 as the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021. The second part called for investment in infrastructure and addressing climate change, and was called the American Jobs Plan. Elements of the American Jobs Plan were the basis for the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, signed into law in November 2021. The third part, the American Families Plan, proposed investment in social policies, such as paid parental leave. The American Families Plan was merged with elements of the American Jobs Plan to form the Build Back Better Act, introduced in September 2021. This passed the House of Representatives, but failed to pass the Senate. Continued negations led to the a new proposal, the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 which included proposals addressing climate change, healthcare, and tax reform proposals while excluding Build Back Better's social safety net proposals. This was passed and signed into law in August 2022.
Consumer price reductions
The administration also pursued lower drug prices by allowing Medicare to negotiate the prices it pays and capping the price of insulin.[136]
In 2024, Biden pushed to limit junk fees through the FTC, FCC and CFPB.[138]
Biden took antitrust more seriously than presidents in recent memory, as seen by the work of Lina Khan at the FTC,[136] a historic court victory against Google's search monopoly, and a lawsuit to break-up Live Nation and Ticketmaster.[138]
American Rescue Plan Act of 2021
On January 14, 2021, Biden revealed a $1.9 trillion stimulus bill, the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021.[139] The plan includes $1 trillion in direct aid, including $1,400 per-person checks, for working Americans, and would provide for direct housing and nutrition assistance, expanding access to safe and reliable childcare and affordable healthcare, increasing the minimum wage, extending unemployment insurance, and giving families with kids and childless workers an emergency boost this year.[140][141] It would also expand the eligibility of these checks to adult dependents who have been left out of previous rounds of relief.[140][141][139] The plan additionally includes $440 billion in community support, providing $350 billion of community support to first responders while the rest goes to grants for small businesses and transit agencies; $400 billion for a national vaccination plan and school reopenings; and $10 billion for information technology, modernizing federal cybersecurity infrastructure.[139][141] In her first press briefing, press secretary Psaki said the plan was likely to change as negotiations continued, with the provision to increase the minimum wage later being excluded from the relief plan.[142] Biden signed the Plan into law on March 11, 2021, passing through both chambers of Congress with a party-line vote.[143][144]
The plan invokes the Defense Production Act of 1950 to ensure the production of personal protective equipment, glass vials, syringes, and other supplies exceeds the demand.[140] It allows partners of states to create vaccine centers in stadiums, convention centers and pharmacies.[104] The federal government would identify communities that have been hit hardest by COVID-19, and ensure the vaccine does not reach them at an unfair pace.[141][140][104] In addition, the plan would launch a national campaign to educate Americans about the vaccine and COVID-19, targeting misinformation related to the pandemic.[104] Vaccines would also be freely available to all citizens regardless of immigration status.[140] In Biden's plan, he would issue a national testing strategy that attempts to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 by increasing laboratory capacity and expanding testing. The plan would also develop new treatments for COVID-19.[140][139][141][104]
American Families Plan
On 28 April, during Biden's speech to Congress he unveiled the American Families Plan, a roughly $1.8 trillion proposal to significantly increase federal spending in areas related to childcare, paid leave, pre-kindergarten, community college, and healthcare.[145][146] It is considered to be the third part of Biden's "Build Back Better" agenda (the first being the American Rescue Plan and the second being the American Jobs Plan).[147] The bill was effectively merged with climate change and other provisions that didn't make it into the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, for a total $3.5 trillion Build Back Better Act. However, the bill did not have Republican support, and Democrats struggled to win the support of Senator Joe Manchin of West Virginia to pass it on a party-line vote through budget reconciliation, even as the price was lowered to $2.2 trillion.[148] After the bill ultimately failed to match his envisioned cost, Manchin publicly rejected it, dooming its passage.[149]
Labor
On January 22, 2021, Biden signed an executive order that removed schedule F, overturning a number of Trump's policies that limited the collective bargaining power of federal unions.[150][151] Biden's executive order also promotes a $15 minimum wage for federal workers and repeals three of Trump's executive orders which made the employee discipline process stricter and restricted union representatives' access to office space. As well as promoting a $15 minimum wage, Biden's executive order increases the amount of money going to the families of children who are missing meals because of school closures due to the pandemic by 15%.[152] The repealing of Trump's three executive orders comes as the orders were used to transfer civil servants and career scientists and replace them with employees friendly to the Trump administration.[153]
On inauguration day 2021, Biden fired pro-business Peter Robb, then general counsel of the National Labor Relations Board,[154] replacing him with pro-union Jennifer Abruzzo in February 2021.[155] Biden's NLRB has pursued action against Starbucks' and Amazon's alleged anti-union activities.[156] On August 24, 2023, the NLRB reinstated Obama-era policies regarding union elections, speeding up the timeline by removing restrictions such as resolving litigation before holding an election.[157]
In late 2022, Biden signed a bill forcing an agreement between union workers and rail companies in order to prevent a strike, earning him criticism from progressives and rail workers.[158][159][160] Afterwards, Biden pressured the rail companies to offer paid sick leave to workers, which had been a key demand in the original planned strike.[161] More than 60% of rail workers had sick leave agreements in June 2023.[162]
On the 2023 United Auto Workers strike, Biden repeated union leader Shawn Fain's motto "record profits, record contracts" and expressed support for the workers in negotiations.[163] Biden assigned two White House officials to aid in negotiation efforts, senior adviser Gene Sperling and acting Labor Secretary Julie Su.[164] On September 26, Biden joined striking UAW workers on the picket line in Michigan, becoming the first president to do so.[165]
Biden became the first US president to run for election with a unionized campaign staff for his 2024 election run.[166]
The Biden administration helped to resolve the 2024 United States port strike.[167]
Banking
After the Collapse of Silicon Valley Bank in 2023, Biden expressed opposition to a bailout that was borne by taxpayers.[168] He also claimed that the partial roll-back of Dodd-Frank regulations contributed to the bank failures.[169]
Domestic manufacturing
Biden signed an executive order intended to support domestic manufacturers by increasing a federal preference for purchasing goods made wholly or partly in the U.S. Using the broad term "Made in America laws", the executive order's stated goal is to strengthen "all statutes, regulations, rules, and Executive Orders relating to Federal financial assistance awards or Federal procurement, including those that refer to 'Buy America' or 'Buy American.'"[170][171]
On August 9, 2022, Biden actively promoted and signed into law the CHIPS and Science Act, which authorized $52 billion for domestic semiconductor research and manufacturing.[172] On August 16, 2022, Biden signed the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 into law, which included provisions to support the domestic production of solar panels, wind turbines, and other infrastructure.[173] Due to incentives from the CHIPS and Science Act, Micron Technology will invest billions in new semiconductor manufacturing in New York.[174]
Trade
The Wall Street Journal reported that instead of negotiating access to Chinese markets for large American financial-service firms and pharmaceutical companies, the Biden administration may focus on trade policies that boost exports or domestic jobs. U.S. Trade Representative Katherine Tai said the administration wants a "worker-centered trade policy".[175][176] U.S. Secretary of Commerce Gina Raimondo aggressively enforced trade rules to combat unfair practices by China.[177]
In March 2021, in her first interview since taking office, U.S. Trade Representative Katherine Tai told The Wall Street Journal the U.S. would not lift tariffs on Chinese imports (implemented under the Trump administration as urged by Peter Navarro) in the near future, despite lobbying efforts from "free traders" including former U.S. Secretary of Treasury Hank Paulson and the Business Roundtable, a big-business group in the U.S., that pressed for tariff repeal.[178]
In 2021, the U.S. suspended its diplomatic trade engagement with Myanmar after a rise in violence perpetrated by the Burmese military against anti-coup protesters.[179]
In May 2024, the Biden administration raised tariffs on Chinese imports, including a doubling for solar cells; tripling for lithium-ion electric vehicle batteries; and increases for steel, aluminum, and medical equipment. This marks the first time that critical minerals, including rare earth magnets—key components in electric and hybrid vehicles—have been specifically included in the tariffs.[180] China produces and refines over 90 percent of the world's rare earth material.[181] The tariff increases will be phased in over a period of three years.[182]
Infrastructure
As a part of the Build Back Better Plan, the Biden administration aimed for massive spending on the nation's infrastructure on the order of $2 trillion.[183] Several of the physical infrastructure provisions featured in the proposal were included in the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act. Biden signed the Act into law on November 15, 2021.[184]
This final version included approximately $1.2 trillion in spending, with $550 billion being newly authorized spending on top of what Congress was planning to authorize regularly.[185] The bill included $7.5 billion for electric vehicle charging.[186] As of March 2024, seven charging stations with a total of 38 spots for charging vehicles had been built.[186]
Inflation
Longer-term variables that preceded the pandemic and contributed to the rise in inflation include structural housing shortages,[187][188][189] impacts of climate change on food, energy and home insurance prices,[190][191][192] as well as the size of government debt and deficits.[193][194][195]
In the midst of recovery from COVID-19, inflation rose to the highest rate in forty years peaking at 9.1% in 2022, with many other major global economies reaching similar level.[196][197][198][199][200] Biden stated during his first State of the Union Address on March 1, 2022, that addressing inflation was his "top priority", while touting an anti-inflation plan that he said would address ocean shipping costs and prescription drug prices.[201]
The 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine resulted in increases in food and energy prices.[202][203]
At the end of 2023, the U.S. Census Bureau found that without housing inflation, inflation would have been just 1.8%, instead of 3.2%.[204] Katy O'Donnell of Politico argued that housing shortages, caused by artificial scarcity driven by NIMBYism, had been the single-biggest contributor to inflation.[205] Freddie Mac estimated that the housing shortage surged 52% between 2018 and 2020.[204] Between 2020 and 2023 climate-change exacerbated home insurance premiums in the U.S. by 33%.[190] July 2024 data showed that inflation had dropped to 2.9%, with rising rents and childcare costs as the main drivers.[206]
Most economists surveyed by the WSJ in July 2024 found that inflation would be worse under a second Trump administration compared to a second Biden term, due in part to tariffs, a crack down on illegal immigration, and larger deficits.[207]
Taxation
Biden changed the practice of IRS agents disproportionately auditing lower-income Americans.[208]
Finance officials from 130 countries agreed on July 1, 2021, to plans for a new international taxation policy. All the major economies agreed to pass national laws that would require corporations to pay at least 15% income tax in the countries they operate. This new policy would end the practice of locating world headquarters in small countries with very low taxation rates. Governments hope to recoup some of the lost revenue, estimated at $100 billion to $240 billion each year. The new system was promoted by the Biden administration and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Secretary-General Mathias Cormann of the OECD said: "This historic package will ensure that large multinational companies pay their fair share of tax everywhere."[209]
Energy, environment, and climate
.jpg)
General
During his first week in office, Biden established the position of White House National Climate Advisor, appointing environmental health and air quality expert Gina McCarthy to the role. Biden also created the position of U.S. Special Presidential Envoy for Climate, appointing former secretary of state John Kerry.[210]
On January 20, 2021, Biden signed an executive order rejoining the U.S. to the Paris Agreement.[211][212] With the U.S. rejoining the agreement, countries responsible for two-thirds of the global greenhouse gas emissions would make pledges of becoming carbon neutral, while without United States it is only half.[213] On the same day, Biden also issued an executive order that cancelled the construction of the Keystone XL pipeline, an extension of the Keystone Pipeline. The pipeline was heavily criticized by environmental and Native American activists and groups.[214][215] This order also directed agencies to review and reverse more than 100 actions made by Trump on the environment.[101]
On March 27, 2021, Biden invited more than forty world leaders for a climate summit.[216]
In August 2022, Biden signed the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 into law, a domestic spending bill born out of continued negotiations on the Build Back Better Act after its collapse that fulfilled some of its initial provisions. The bill included significant federal investment in domestic clean energy production, combating climate change, and healthcare; it aims to reduce U.S. carbon emissions by 40% from peak 2005 levels by 2030, included a three-year extension of Affordable Care Act subsidies, and empowered Medicare to begin negotiating lower prescription drug costs for the first time.[6]
In May 2022, the White House Council on Environmental Quality released a report in which it describes how Biden's administration followed the around 200 recommendations of the White House Environmental Justice Advisory Council. The full report has around 150 pages. The report summarizes many of the steps taken by the administration on environmental issues. Among others, it mentions significant achievements in the domains of energy efficiency, weatherization, transit-oriented development, walking, cycling, mixed-use development, cooperation with Indigenous peoples of the Americas.[217]
In April 2024 Biden delivered $20 billion to eight environmental NGOs. The aim is to reduce the country's CO2 emissions by 40 million tonnes per year with the money, while giving 70% of the benefits to low income communities.[218][219] In the same month, the American Climate Corps is expected to begin function with several hundred members. The tasks will probably be "things like installing solar panels, restoring vulnerable habitats, and fire hazard prevention." Biden plans increase the number of participants to 20,000 during the first year and then 50,000 more will be added each year by 2031. However, this plan is opposed by Republicans.[220]
In May 2024, the administration announced guidelines around carbon markets. They push for increased verifiability from suppliers and transparency from buyers. The guidelines are not binding or enforceable.[221]
Oil, gas extraction and transportation
On January 21, 2021, the Biden administration issued a 60-day ban on oil and gas leases and permits on federal land and waters.[222] On January 27, 2021, Biden signed a number of executive orders aimed at combating climate change,[223] one of them setting climate change as a key consideration for U.S. national security and foreign policy.[224] In an attempt to encourage U.S. membership to the Kigali Amendment, an international agreement aimed to reduce the production of hydrofluorocarbons, Biden's executive order directed the U.S. Department of State to submit the Kigali Amendment to the Senate.[225][226]
.jpg)
In March 2021, 21 Republican state attorneys general of 21 states sued the Biden administration for revoking the Keystone XL pipeline permit. The suit claims Biden's executive order exceeded his authority.[227][228]
In May 2021, the EPA rolled back a Trump administration rule that prohibited the EPA from using certain studies.[229][230] The previous rule, which made it more difficult to use major scientific studies to justify pollution reduction policies,[231] had already been invalidated by a federal court.[232]
On June 1, 2021, Secretary of the Interior Deb Haaland suspended all oil and gas drilling leases in Alaska's Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, pending further review of their environmental impacts.[233]
In January 2021, Biden had issued a 60-day ban on oil and gas leases and permits on federal land and waters. A group of Republican state attorneys general successfully obtained a decision in federal court to lift the moratorium. The Biden administration appealed the decision but agreed to continue with the sales, and in September 2021 held the largest federal gas and oil lease auction in U.S. history, selling leases to extract 1.7 million acres in the Gulf of Mexico. The areas that were purchased by oil companies can be expected to produce around 4.2 trillion cubic feet of natural gas and 1.12 billion barrels of oil over the next 50 years. The administration has also proposed another round of gas and oil lease sales in 2022, in Colorado, Montana, Wyoming, and other western states.[234][235][236]
The Biden administration supported the Line 3 pipeline, which transports oil from Canada's oil sands region.[237]
In November 2021, a closely watched Interior Department report on federal oil and gas lease policy, ordered by Biden, was completed. The report recommended increasing the 12.5% federal royalty rate for oil and gas drilling, which had not been raised by a century, and was significantly lower than rates charged for leasing on state and private land. The report also recommended an increase in the bond rates that drilling companies are required to pay for future cleanup efforts before beginning extraction at new sites, and recommended that leases be focused on sites with "moderate to high potential" for production in proximity to existing fossil-fuel infrastructure.[236] The report stopped short of banning the leasing program, which generates billions of dollars for the federal government, but reformed its terms to be less favorable for industry; environmental groups praised the reforms, but also said they were insufficient to address the U.S. contribution to the climate crisis.[236]
In 2021, the Biden administration proposed a 20-year ban on oil and gas drilling around Chaco Culture National Historical Park, a site in northwestern New Mexico that contain important Ancestral Puebloan sites.[238]
Environmental science
In May 2021, the EPA rolled back a Trump administration rule that prohibited the EPA from using certain studies.[229][230] The previous rule, which made it more difficult to use major scientific studies to justify pollution reduction policies,[231] had already been invalidated by a federal court.[232]
Renewable energy
The Biden administration set a goal of achieving 30 gigawatts of offshore wind energy generated in the U.S. by 2030 (sufficient to provide electricity to about 10 million homes). In 2021, the Biden administration approved the South Fork Wind project, a major (130 MW, 12-turbine) commercial offshore wind power project located southeast of Rhode Island's Block Island and east of New York's Montauk Point, the wind farm is projected to provide electricity to proved 70,000 Long Island homes. The project is the country's second large-scale offshore wind project (after a similar wind-power development in Massachusetts).[239][240]
Nature conservation
The U.S. is part of the 30 by 30 initiative which aims to preserve 30% of the global land and sea territory by 2030. For the U.S. to accomplish its part, Biden launched a campaign called "America the Beautiful". The campaign seeks to work in cooperation with indigenous people and farmers, as well as better serve disadvantaged communities.[241]
In November 2021, Biden promised to end and reverse deforestation and land degradation by 2030,[242] joining more than 100 other global leaders in the COP26 climate summit's first major agreement.[243][244]
According to a report from the Center for American Progress during the first 3 years of his presidency Biden broke several records in conservation, which is "a proven defense against the changing climate". In 2023 alone he turned 12.5 million acres into protected areas and made 200 agreements with indigenous people about co-management of the protected areas.[245][246] He advanced a proposal to ban logging in old growth forests from 2025 which is also important for the climate.[247]
Electoral and ethical reform
In response to what Biden describes as the growing influence of special interests and gerrymandering in elections, he has pledged to seek electoral and government ethics reforms.[248] Biden supported the For the People Act and the John Lewis Voting Rights Act.[249][250] In January 2022, he endorsed a change to senate filibuster rules after they both failed to invoke cloture.[251] However, the rules change failed when two Democratic senators joined Senate Republicans in opposing it.[252]
Known for his generally bipartisan tone, Biden avoided directly referring to his predecessor during his first year in office.[253] Beginning in 2022, Biden condemned Trump and Trumpism in stronger terms; he likened the "MAGA philosophy" to "semi-fascism" and, in a 2022 speech outside Independence Hall in Philadelphia, said the "extreme ideology" of Trump, and a Republican Party dominated by him, "threatens the very foundation of our republic." Biden specifically condemned Trump and "MAGA Republicans" for promoting authoritarian leaders, using violent rhetoric, refusing to disavow political violence, and refusing to acknowledge election losses.[253][254] Biden suggested that the 2022 United States elections could be illegitimate if federal laws are not passed to combat enacted voter-suppression legislation from state legislatures.[255][256][257]
After the attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election, Biden called for reforms to the 1887 Electoral Count Act to clarify the roles of Congress and the vice president in certifying electoral votes. The Electoral Count Reform and Presidential Transition Improvement Act of 2022 raised the threshold for objections to electoral votes, clarified that the vice president cannot decertify electoral votes, and modified the process for which electors are certified. It was included as part of the 2023 Consolidated Appropriations Act.[258]
Housing
Due to ongoing decreases in housing affordability exacerbated by the pandemic, inflation, and snarls in the global supply chain, Biden launched the Housing Supply Action Plan on May 16, 2022, to increase housing supply and construction through executive initiatives, administrative deregulation and funding from the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act. Due to the statutory limits upon federal intervention in housing policy, the plan relied heavily upon partnerships with willing municipal governments and the private sector to reform zoning and permitting laws and secure construction supply, issuing financial incentives to municipal governments for cooperation with the plan, issuing financial support to renters, landlords and first-time homeowners, and disincentivizing large institutional investors from acquiring government-owned or funded home properties.[259] Biden also called upon Congress to pass an Unlocking Possibilities Program to allow HUD to issue grants to states and localities to help reform permitting for affordable housing, as well as further mortgage assistance for first-time homebuyers.[260]
Through the Inflation Reduction Act, the Biden administration secured over $25 billion to invest in a variety of programs and tax credits that incentivize renovations and energy efficiency in housing through five federal agencies (HUD, IRS, DOE, DOT, EPA).[261][262]
Immigration
On January 20, 2021, the day Biden was inaugurated, he halted the construction of the U.S.–Mexico barrier[101] and ended a related national emergency declared by Trump in February 2018.[6] Biden issued a proclamation that ended the Trump travel ban imposed on predominantly Muslim countries in January 2017.[101][6] Biden also reaffirmed protections to recipients of Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA).[263] The same day, Biden sent a memorandum to the U.S. Department of State reinstating Deferred Enforced Departure for Liberians.[264][265]
On January 20, Biden proposed the U.S. Citizenship Act of 2021 which would enact broad changes to the immigration system.[266][267] It would provide an eight-year potential pathway for citizenship to eleven million immigrants living in the U.S. without a permanent legal status.[267][268] The bill would also make it easier for certain foreign workers to stay in the U.S.[269][270] In addition, it would deliver record budget allocations for the Department of Homeland Security to secure the border and $4 billion to El Salvador, Guatemala and Honduras to combat the root causes of their emigration.[271] If passed, it would also replace the word "alien" with "noncitizen" in U.S. immigration law.[272][273][274] Senate Majority Whip Dick Durbin called the bill "aspirational" and it was widely expected not to pass both houses of Congress without significant revision.[268][269][270]
Also on January 20, 2021, the Biden administration issued a moratorium on deportations from the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) for the first 100 days of his presidency.[275] On January 22, Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton sued the Biden administration for violating Biden's written pledge to cooperatively work with the state of Texas.[276] A federal judge in Texas subsequently issued a temporary restraining order barring the Biden administration from enforcing its moratorium, citing the lack of "any concrete, reasonable justification for a 100-day pause on deportations."[277]
On January 22, 2021, Biden had a call with Mexican president Andrés Manuel López Obrador. On the call, Biden and López Obrador spoke about immigration, where Biden spoke of reducing immigration from Mexico to the U.S. by targeting what Biden deemed as root causes.[278] According to an Associated Press report, López Obrador noted that Biden pledged $4 billion to "help development in Honduras, El Salvador and Guatemala — nations whose hardships have spawned tides of migration through Mexico toward the United States."[279]
According to a 2021 Politico report, Republicans expected prior to Biden taking office that there would be a border surge at the start of 2021 (due to seasonal patterns and regional crises) and coordinated to make it a central issue in the lead-up to the 2022 mid-term elections.[280] The number of migrants arriving in the U.S. from Central America had been rising since April 2020 due to ongoing violence, natural disasters, food insecurity, and poverty in the region.[281] In February 2021, the U.S. Border Patrol reported a 61% increase in encounters with unaccompanied children from the month before, the largest one-month percentage increase in encounters with unaccompanied children since U.S. Customs and Border Protection began recording data in 2010.[282][283]
Biden instructed the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) to focus on violent offenders of immigration laws rather than all offenders of immigration laws.[284][285]
In February 2021, it was reported that DHS agents who had been empowered by Trump to enact his anti-immigration policies were resisting and defying Biden's immigration policies.[284] The union representing ICE agents signaled that its agents would not accept reversals of Trump policies.[284]
In March 2021, the Biden administration granted temporary protected status to Venezuelans fleeing the country amidst the ongoing political and economic crisis.[286]
On March 24, 2021, Biden tasked Vice President Harris to reduce the number of unaccompanied minors and adult asylum seekers. She is also tasked with leading the negotiations with Mexico, Honduras, Guatemala, and El Salvador.[287][better source needed] The number of migrant families and unaccompanied children entering the U.S. from across the Southwest border steeply declined in August, September, and October 2021.[288]
On June 1, 2021, the DHS officially terminated the Trump-era "Remain in Mexico" policy, which mandated that all asylum seekers from Central America were to wait in Mexico pending their court cases; however, a health order from March 2020 allowed the border authorities to send migrants back for the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic have remained in place.[289][290] However, on August 14, 2021, a federal judge in Texas ordered the Biden administration to reimplement the policy; the Supreme Court placed a pause on the ruling to give the administration time for arguments.[291][292] On August 24, 2021, the Supreme Court ruled that the Biden administration must comply with the lower court's ruling to reinstate the policy.[293][294]
In fiscal year 2022, over one million immigrants (most of whom entered through family reunification) were granted legal residence,[295] up from 707,000 in 2020.[296] Up until 2022 during Biden's presidency, the number of unauthorized immigrants in the United States steadily rose.[297]
On October 5, 2023, Biden's administration said it will add sections to a border wall to stave off record migrant crossings from Mexico, carrying forward a signature policy of former president Donald Trump.[298][299] One of Biden's first actions after taking office in January 2021 was to issue a proclamation pledging that "no more American taxpayer dollars be diverted to construct a border wall" as well as a review of all resources that had already been committed. The administration said Thursday's action did not deviate from Biden's proclamation because money that was allocated during Trump's term in 2019 had to be spent now.[298] Former president Trump was quick to claim victory and demand an apology: "As I have stated often, over thousands of years, there are only two things that have consistently worked, wheels, and walls!" Trump wrote on social media. "Will Joe Biden apologize to me and America for taking so long to get moving...".[298] Mexico's President Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador called the move "a step backwards."[298]
On October 31, 2023, Homeland Security Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas testified before the Senate Homeland Security Committee that more than 600,000 people illegally made their way into the United States without being apprehended by border agents during the 2023 fiscal year.[300][301]
President Biden pledged to welcome 125,000 refugees in 2024.[302] The Biden administration considered accepting Palestinian refugees from the Gaza Strip.[303]
On March 29, 2024, in response to a class-action lawsuit filed by lawyers representing detained migrant children, the Biden administration argued in front of a federal court that it had no responsibility to feed and house migrant children that were waiting in Border Patrol camps along the U.S.-Mexico border.[304] This argument was rejected by Judge Dolly M. Gee, who ordered the administration to "expeditiously" house all detained migrant children.[305]
On June 4, 2024, President Biden issued a new executive order granting immigration officials the authority to deport certain asylum seekers without processing their claims. This measure targets migrants who enter the United States "without permission and against the law," making it easier for authorities to deport them.[306] Under the new order, if migrants express fear of returning to their home countries, they may be given an interview with an asylum officer. However, agents are no longer required to ask migrants if they have such fears.[307] As part of the new action, the Biden administration announced the closure of the South Texas Family Residential Center, the largest immigrant detention center in the United States. The primary reason cited for this decision was the high cost of operating the facility.[308]
2024 bipartisan border bill
Following months of negotiations, on February 4, 2024, a bipartisan group of senators released a 370-page bill intended to sharply reduce incentives for migrants to attempt border crossings. The bill included a "border emergency" provision that would automatically require the border to be closed if border encounters reached an average of 5,000 per day over several days. Trump, Speaker Mike Johnson and other Republicans falsely claimed the bill allowed 5,000 illegal border crossings per day.[310] In fact, the bill would end the practice of "catch and release" that allows migrants entry into the country while they await immigration hearings; instead, migrants would be detained pending hearings.[310] The plan included a tighter asylum application and approval process with speedy removal of migrants who do not qualify, the hiring of thousands more border patrol and asylum officers and an increase in detention capacity. The bill also provided for thousands of work visas for migrant spouses of U.S. citizens awaiting immigrant visas, and 250,000 new visas over five years for people seeking to work in the U.S. or join family members. It aimed to provide a pathway to citizenship for "Documented Dreamers," children who accompanied their parents on a work visa and who could lose their place in line for a green card at age 21.[311]
President Biden supported the bill, while Speaker Johnson said days before its release that it would be "dead on arrival" in the Republican-controlled House. Shortly after the proposal was announced, House majority leader Steve Scalise declared it would not be brought before the House for a vote. One negotiator, independent Arizona Senator Kyrsten Sinema, asserted the border would have been closed every day so far in 2024 if the bill had been law; Biden promised in January that he would immediately close the border if the bill was enacted. Lead Republican negotiator James Lankford of Oklahoma, among the most conservative Republican Senators, attempted to defend the bill throughout the weeks leading to the vote. Trump, the leading Republican candidate for president in 2024, publicly and privately pressured Republicans during the Senate negotiations to oppose the proposal. The National Border Patrol Council, a labor union representing some 18,000 border patrol officers, quickly endorsed the Senate bill. The union had endorsed Trump in 2020 and had been critical of Biden's policies.[312][313][314][315][316]
Senate Republicans swiftly turned against the bill upon its release, after Trump openly said he did not want Joe Biden to score a political win with the legislation.[317] On February 7, Senate Republicans blocked the proposal in a floor vote. Lankford said on the floor before the vote that a "popular commentator" had told him a month earlier, "'If you try to move a bill that solves the border crisis during this presidential year, I will do whatever I can to destroy you, because I do not want you to solve this during the presidential election.'" Two days before the vote, Trump told a radio host, "This is a very bad bill for his career."[318] The $118 billion package included $60 billion for the Ukrainian military and $14 billion for Israel.[319] Trump said at a rally days later, "We crushed crooked Joe Biden's disastrous open borders bill," while Biden said, "Every day between now and November, the American people are going to know that the only reason the border is not secure is Donald Trump and his MAGA Republican friends."[320]Separation of church and state
Biden, a practicing Catholic,[321] has taken a public position of dissent against the Church's position opposing free-choice in the abortion issue.[322] This has raised the question of whether his public office might allow him to influence the outcomes of current debates with the Church concerning abortion.[323] The Vatican has taken a mediating position concerning Biden's dissent by allowing him to take Communion in Rome while visiting the Pope.[322]
Social issues
During his early days in office, Biden focused on "advancing equity, civil rights, racial justice and equal opportunity." According to The New York Times, Biden's early actions in office focused on racial equality more than any president since Lyndon B. Johnson, who passed the Civil Rights Act of 1964.[324] On January 25, 2021, Biden signed an executive order that lifted the ban on transgender military service members.[325] This reversed a memorandum imposed by Trump.[326]
The Biden administration is seeking to put Harriet Tubman on the twenty-dollar bill.[327][328] This effort follows that of the Obama administration, which was blocked by Steven Mnuchin.[329] Press secretary Psaki said it was important that U.S. money and notes reflect the "history and diversity" of the country and that putting Tubman on the twenty-dollar bill would do so.[330]
On January 20, 2021, the Biden administration issued an Executive Order entitled Advancing Racial Equity and Support for Underserved Communities Through the Federal Government[331] increasing the federal government's anti-bias enforcement against government contractors. The intent is heightened investigations and audits by the Department of Justice as well as more detailed follow-up inquiries with government contractors, with an emphasis on combatting pay discrimination.[332] Also in January, Biden directed the U.S. Department of Justice to reduce their usage of private prisons and ordered the attorney general to not renew contracts with private prisons, citing the need to "reduce profit-based incentives" for the incarceration of racial minorities.[333][334][335]
Three days after the Atlanta spa shootings that killed 8 people, including 6 Asian women, Biden and Vice President Harris travelled to Atlanta. They spoke to Asian American and Pacific Islander advocates and leaders and condemned sexism, and racism against Asian Americans.[336]
Biden made Juneteenth (June 19) a federal holiday in 2021, celebrating the end of slavery in the U.S.[337] In March 2022, Biden signed the Emmett Till Antilynching Act into law. With the enactment of that legislation, lynching was made a federal hate crime for the first time in American history.[338]
In October 2022, Biden pardoned all past federal marijuana possession charges and announced an inquiry into whether cannabis should be removed from Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act.[339] In December 2022, Biden signed the Medical Marijuana and Cannabidiol Research Expansion Act which was the first standalone cannabis-related bill ever passed by the United States Congress.[340]
LGBT rights
The United States Department of Agriculture unveiled efforts in 2022 to prevent anti-LGBT discrimination in food programs, including school lunch programs, resulting in 20 lawsuits from 20 Republican attorneys general.[341]
In December 2022, Biden signed the Respect for Marriage Act, which repealed the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA), required states to recognize other states' marriage certificates for LGBT Americans, and ensured some religious liberties.[342] The bill came from a push from Democrats to codify same-sex marriage after the Dobbs decision, particularly Clarence Thomas's push to reconsider other precedents.[343]
In January 2023, the Biden administration released an "evidence agenda" for LGBTQI+ Americans to learn about "their experiences engaging with federal agencies and the disparities they face in their daily lives," as well as documenting how many LGBT people live in the United States.[344][345]
Abortion
In December 2021, the Biden administration ended a long-standing restriction on sales of abortion pills through the mail. This decision came amidst legal cases and Supreme Court decisions that jeopardized abortion access in the United States.[346]
After the U.S. Supreme Court overturned Roe v. Wade and Planned Parenthood v. Casey on June 24, 2022, in Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization, Biden addressed the nation in the Cross Hall of the White House.[347][348] He mentioned that "it's a sad day ... for the country" and "with Roe gone, ... The health and life of women in this nation are now at risk."[347][348] In addition, he attacked the Court saying "With this decision, the conservative majority of the Supreme Court shows how extreme it is" and "They have made the United States an outlier among developed nations in the world."[347][348] Regarding action, Biden stated that his administration will defend the right of women to seek an abortion in another state where abortion is legal and help protect a woman's access to contraception and abortion pills approved by the FDA.[347][348] He also called on Congress to codify Roe v. Wade, saying "No executive action ... can do that.".[347][348] But stated that if Congress did not have the votes to codify, that the voters would have to take action by "elect[ing] more senators and representatives who will codify a woman's right to choose into federal law."[347][348]
The Biden administration rejected the call from progressives[349] to allow abortions on federal land, with White House press secretary Karine Jean-Pierre saying, "in states where abortion is now illegal, women and providers who are not federal employees, as you look at the federal land, could be potentially – be prosecuted."[350]
During a press conference at the 2022 Madrid NATO Summit, Biden expressed support for providing an exception to the filibuster to codify Roe v. Wade.[351]
Criminal justice and crime rates
The Biden administration rescinded a Trump administration policy that curtailed the use of consent decrees that had been used by previous administrations in their investigations of misconduct in police departments.[352]
Biden proposed in his fiscal 2022 budget to more than double funding for the Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS) Hiring Program, which helps state and local governments to hire law enforcement officers.[353]
Despite perceptions, notably by Republicans and conservative media, of a "crime crisis" of soaring violent crime under Biden, FBI data indicated the violent crime rate had declined significantly during the president's first two years in office, after a spike in 2020 during the COVID pandemic. By 2022, the violent crime rate was near a 50-year low, and preliminary data released in early 2024 indicated continuing declines in 2023.[354][355][356][357]
As of July 1, 2024 violent crime was down and homicides were on pace to drop to 2015 levels by the end of the year.[358][359]
Gun control
In a national address in March 2021, after mass shootings in the Atlanta area and Boulder, Colorado, Biden advocated further gun regulations, such as a restored ban on assault weapons and a high-capacity magazine ban, as well as reinforcing preexisting background checks.[360][361]
After the Robb Elementary School shooting on May 24, 2022, President Biden addressed the nation.[362] The next week, he again called on Congress to pass an assault weapons and high-capacity magazine ban, as well as red flag laws and other legislation.[363][364] As a result of the shooting, the Bipartisan Safer Communities Act was eventually passed by Congress and signed into law. It marked the first federal gun safety law to have been enacted in 30 years.[365]
After the Colorado Springs nightclub shooting, Biden called again for an assault weapons ban.[366]
Space policy
The Biden administration reversed the Trump administration's method of using the National Space Council to coordinate commercial, civil, and military space policies, instead using the National Security Council to issue national security memoranda instead of the Space Council's space policy directives.[367] The Biden administration renewed the National Space Council, chaired by Vice President Harris,[368] "to assist the president in generating national space policies, strategies, and synchronizing America's space activities."[369] Harris held meetings with the leaders of five countries to discuss international cooperation on space issues.[368]
The Biden administration continued the Artemis program to send people back to the Moon.[368][370] The administration also emphasized the role of NASA in studying climate change.[368][371]
Biden appointed Bill Nelson, an astronaut and former U.S. senator, to the post of NASA administrator. Nelson was confirmed unanimously by the Senate in April 2021.[372]
In April 2021, as part of his first annual budget request, Biden proposed a $24.8 billion budget for NASA in 2022, a $1.5 billion increase on what Congress allocated to 2021.[371][373] The proposal includes funding for the Artemis program for a new crewed Moon landing mission.[373] The proposal also included a 12.5% increase for NASA's Earth Science Division, as well as a 22% increase for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, which operates a fleet of weather satellites; both measures aimed to use space tools to study and mitigate climate change.[371]
On December 1, 2021, Biden announced his new framework for US space policy, the United States Space Priorities Framework, which explains Biden's approach for commercial, civil, and military space activity.[374] There is a new emphasis on combating climate change and investing in STEM education.[374]
Supreme Court
On July 29, 2024, Biden announced a plan to reform the Supreme Court of the United States. The plan called for three major changes. The first was an amendment to the Constitution, the No One Is Above the Law Amendment, which would eliminate immunity for presidents. This would effectively reverse the Supreme Court's decision in Trump v. United States. Second, Biden laid out a plan for creating term limits for Supreme Court justices. Under his plan, every two years presidents would appoint justices to 18 year terms. Lastly, he pushed for "a binding code of conduct" to replace the Supreme Court's existing self-enforced ethics code.[375]
Foreign affairs
Defense
On January 22, 2021, Biden signed his first bill,[376] H.R. 335 into law, providing a waiver to the law preventing appointment of a Secretary of Defense who had been on active duty in the armed forces within the past seven years;[377] this was the third time such a waiver was granted by Congress. Retired army four-star general Lloyd Austin was confirmed by the Senate in a 93–2 vote that same day, making Austin the first African-American Defense Secretary.[378][376]
.jpg)
Austin said his number one priority was to assist COVID-19 relief efforts, pledging he would "quickly review the Department's contributions to COVID-19 relief efforts, ensuring that we're doing everything that we can to help distribute vaccines across the country and to vaccinate our troops and preserve readiness."[379]
On February 10, 2021, Biden visited the Pentagon for the first time as president.[380] In remarks to service members alongside Vice President Kamala Harris and Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin, Biden announced a U.S. Department of Defense-led China task force "to provide a baseline assessment of department policies, programs and processes in regard to the challenge China poses."[381]
On June 18, 2021, the administration removed eight MIM-104 Patriot anti-missile batteries from Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Kuwait, and Iraq, removed the THAAD anti-missile defense system from Saudi Arabia, and announced that most jet squadrons and hundreds of American troops would be withdrawn from the region. The changes come in light of both de-escalating tensions with Iran and the administration changing its focus on countering China.[382]
After taking office, Biden heavily restricted the use of armed drones and drone strikes.[383][384] After Biden's first year in office, drone strikes had hit a 20-year low and were heavily limited by the administration.[385][386]
.jpg)
In October 2023, President Biden asked Congress for nearly $106 billion in funding for Israel, Ukraine, countering China in the Indo-Pacific, and operations on the southern U.S. border.[387] Biden signed a record $886 billion defense spending bill into law on December 22, 2023.[388][389]
China
Biden has said the U.S. needs to "get tough" on China and build "a united front of U.S. allies and partners to confront China's abusive behaviors and human rights violations."[390] He described China as the "most serious competitor" that poses challenges on the "prosperity, security, and democratic values" of the U.S.[391]
Biden nominated Antony Blinken to serve as Secretary of State who took office on January 26, 2021.[392][393] During his nomination hearing, Blinken said that previous optimistic approaches to China were flawed,[394] and that Biden's predecessor, Donald Trump, "was right in taking a tougher approach to China" but he "disagree[s] very much with the way [Trump] went about it in a number of areas."[393] He endorsed former secretary of state Mike Pompeo's report that China is committing a genocide against Uyghur Muslims.[393]
.jpg)
In March 2021, Secretary of State Antony Blinken, National Security Advisor Jake Sullivan and other administration officials met with the Chinese Communist Party Politburo member Yang Jiechi, Chinese foreign minister Wang Yi, and other Chinese officials in Alaska with heated exchanges on China's human rights abuses, cyberattacks, its threats against Taiwan, its crackdown in Xinjiang and Hong Kong, and other issues of U.S. interest. The Chinese side countered: "The U.S. does not have the qualification to speak to China from a position of strength [and] does not serve as a model to others [and] China's development and strengthening is unstoppable."[395][396]
The Washington Post reported that the Biden administration got "a taste of China's 'wolf warrior' diplomacy" during the first meeting with its Chinese counterpart, which was "remarkably undiplomatic", adding "China's diplomats appeared more forceful than they had been in any public meeting during President Trump's term."[397] The Atlantic published an article saying that the Biden team "flushed Beijing's true intentions out into the open for the world to see", quoting a senior administration official's comment that it is "increasingly difficult to argue that we don't know what China wants."[398]
In April 2021, it was reported that the Biden administration was rallying U.S. allies in consideration of a boycott of the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing. The U.S. Department of State spokesman Ned Price told reporters that a joint boycott "is something that we certainly wish to discuss."[399]
In May 2021, the administration removed Chinese mobile manufacturer Xiaomi from the Chinese military blacklist, reversing the previous administration's decision.[400]
On June 3, 2021, Biden announced an executive order that would come into effect from August 2, and ban Americans from investing into 59 Chinese firms, including Huawei. Before it was announced, China said it would retaliate against it.[401]
In October 2021, Biden said he is concerned about Chinese hypersonic missiles, days after China tested a nuclear-capable hypersonic missile that circled the globe before speeding towards its target.[402]
In December 2021, a coalition of Jewish organizations, including the American Jewish Committee and the Rabbinical Assembly, issued an open letter to Biden urging additional action in response to what they describe as an Uyghur genocide.[403][404]
In late January and early February 2023, U.S. and Canadian defense officials were tracking a China-operated high-altitude balloon that had been seen hovering in North American airspace.[405] The balloon's first reported sighting was on February 1, 2023, when a commercial airliner reported flying in close proximity to it.[406] Biden ordered the U.S. Air Force to shoot down the balloon on February 4, on the possibility of it being a surveillance device, when it was spotted over territorial waters near South Carolina;[407] at 2:39 p.m. that day, the balloon was downed by an F-22 Raptor that had departed from Langley Air Force Base.[408] In response to the downing of the balloon, China admitted it belonged to them, but claimed the balloon was a weather device that had been blown off course.[409] Chinese officials accused the U.S. of indiscriminately using force against the civilian airship in violation of international law. The incident increased tensions between the U.S. and China.[410] On February 9, Biden stated that he did not believe that relations with China will be negatively affected by his decision to shoot down the balloon.[411] The incident did prompt Secretary Blinken to delay a diplomatic visit to Beijing.[412]
Taiwan
On 18 September 2022, it was reported by Reuters that "Joe Biden said U.S forces would defend Taiwan in the event of a Chinese invasion, his most explicit statement on the issue, drawing an angry response from China that said it sent the wrong signal to those seeking an independent Taiwan." The policy was stated in contrast to Biden's previous exclusion of boots-on-the-ground and planes-in-the-air for U.S. support for Ukraine in its current conflict with Russia.[413]
Cuba
This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (September 2024) |
Afghanistan
In February 2020, the Trump administration made a deal with the Taliban to completely withdraw U.S. forces by May 1, 2021.[414] In April 2021, President Biden formally announced that American troops would instead withdraw from Afghanistan by September 11, 2021, which would signal an end to the U.S.'s longest war.[415] According to Princeton professor Julian E. Zelizer, Biden "clearly learned a great deal from his time in the Obama presidency", and demonstrated that "he is a politician capable of learning and evolving, contrary to some of the skeptics in the primaries who thought he didn't understand how politics had changed." According to Washington Post journalist Steven Levingston, "Obama listened to military leaders who advised him that withdrawal would be a mistake. Biden, meanwhile, was the top administration official arguing for a much more limited role for American forces in Afghanistan. Later, Biden would go on to say that he could tell by Obama's 'body language' that he agreed with that assessment — even though he ultimately rejected it."[416]
Soon after the withdrawal of U.S. troops started, the Taliban launched an offensive against the Afghan government, quickly advancing in front of a collapsing Afghan Armed Forces.[417][418] President Biden defended the withdrawal, saying "I trust the capacity of the Afghan military, who is better trained, better equipped and ... more competent in terms of conducting war."[419]
By early July 2021, most of the American troops in Afghanistan were withdrawn.[414] Biden addressed the withdrawal, stating that: "The likelihood there's going to be the Taliban overrunning everything and owning the whole country is highly unlikely."[414] On August 15, amid an offensive by the Taliban, the Afghan government collapsed, Afghan president Ashraf Ghani fled the country and Kabul fell to the Taliban.[414][420] Biden reacted by ordering 6,000 American troops to assist in the evacuation of American personnel and Afghan allies.[421] He has been criticized over the manner of the American withdrawal.[420]
On August 16, Biden addressed the "messy" situation, taking responsibility for it ("the buck stops with me"), and admitting that the situation "unfolded more quickly than we had anticipated".[420][422] He defended his decision to withdraw, saying that Americans should not be "dying in a war that Afghan forces are not willing to fight for themselves", since the "Afghan military collapsed [against the Taliban], sometimes without trying to fight".[422][423] Biden partly attributed the lack of early evacuation of Afghan civilians to the Afghan government's opposition of a "mass exodus" which they thought would cause a "crisis of confidence".[423]
On August 26, a suicide attack was carried out by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant - Khorasan Province at the Hamid Karzai International Airport, killing more than 170 people, including at least 62 Afghan civilians, 13 US service members, two British nationals and the child of a third British national.[424][425] Biden made a public address after the attack, in which he honored the American service members who were killed, calling them "heroes" and saying they lost their lives "in the service of liberty", and stated that the US had evacuated more than 100,000 Americans, Afghans, and others. He expressed deep sorrow for the Afghan victims as well. Biden said to those who wished harm upon the US that "we will hunt you down and make you pay."[426][427] Biden received increasingly harsh criticism from both Republicans and Democrats in the US Congress, with Republicans calling for his resignation or for his impeachment.[428][429][430]
After the Taliban takeover of Afghanistan, the Biden administration froze about $9 billion in assets belonging to the Afghan central bank, blocking the Taliban from accessing these billions of dollars in reserves held in U.S. bank accounts.[431][432]
In February 2022, Biden signed an executive order that seeks to unfreeze approximately $3.5 billion of Afghan assets in the U.S. for the purpose of humanitarian assistance in Afghanistan.[433]
On July 31, 2022, Al-Qaida leader Ayman al-Zawahiri was killed in Kabul by an American drone strike approved by Biden.[434]
Africa
Biden hosted a three-day U.S.-Africa summit in Washington in December 2022, attended by 49 African national leaders.[435] The meeting was the first such summit since 2014.[435][436] The leaders of every African nation in good standing with the African Union (AU), except Eritrea, were invited to the summit.[436] The leaders of African nations not in good standing with the AU (mostly those who had come to power through military coups) were also not invited.[436]
At the summit, Biden announced U.S. support for the AU joining the G20 group of major economies, a long-sought goal for Africa.[437] The summit was part of a broader effort by the U.S. to rebuild U.S.-African relations and counter Chinese influence on the continent.[435] During the summit, the administration announced $800 million in new deals with Cisco Systems and Cybastion to combat cyberthreats targeting Africa, a bid to blunt the dominance of the Chinese firm Huawei in Africa.[438] The administration also signed a memorandum of understanding in support of the African Continental Free Trade Area to reduce trade barriers in Africa,[438] and committed $55 billion to Africa over the next three years, focused on preexisting U.S. initiatives,[438][435] such as the trade-focused Prosper Africa and Africa Growth and Opportunity Act, as well as the Power Africa initiative, which aims to increase connections of Africans to the electric grid.[435] The administration also emphasized initiatives in technology and cybersecurity, health, clean energy and the environment, and other areas.[438][436] Biden committed an additional $2 billion for emergency humanitarian aid and $11 billion for food security programs in Africa.[436] The administration also expanded ties with West Africa, including support for infrastructure improvements at the Benin seaport of Cotonou, a key part of the West African economy.[435][439] Biden appointed a longtime U.S. diplomat, Johnnie Carson, to coordinate implementation of U.S. actions following up the summit.[440]
During the 2022 summit, Biden and senior administration officials also met privately with six African leaders facing elections in 2023, pushing them to ensure free and fair elections in their nations.[440]
Senator Bob Menendez, the Democratic chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, has criticized the Biden administration for hesitating to impose sanctions on the governments of Sudan and Ethiopia, where many atrocities and war crimes were committed in the Tigray War.[441]
Armenian genocide
On April 24, 2021, the Biden administration declared that the Turkish killings of Armenians at the start of the 20th century were a genocide. He is the first U.S. president to ever officially recognize the Armenian genocide.[442]
Americans detained abroad
In July 2022, President Biden signed an executive order aimed at deterring the wrongful detention of Americans abroad.[443] According to an estimate by The James W. Foley Legacy Foundation, there are at least 67 U.S. citizens who are currently imprisoned abroad. The foundation further estimates that 90% of those are wrongly detained by foreign governments hostile to the U.S., including Venezuela, Russia, China, Iran, and others.[444] Dozens of families of Americans who are detained abroad say President Biden has failed to adequately address the crisis.[444] They formed a group called "Bring Our Families Home Campaign" to pressure Biden to do more.[445]
In September 2023, President Biden reached a deal to release five prisoners held by Iran. In exchange, $6 billion of frozen Iranian assets were released.[446] The U.S. said the unfrozen money would be held in restricted accounts so that it could only be spent on humanitarian goods such as food and medicine.[447]
In August 2024, President Biden reached a deal to secure the largest prisoner exchange since the Cold War.[448] The exchange included the release of Americans Evan Gershkovich, Paul Whelan, and Alsu Kurmasheva; thirteen others from Russia and Belarus; and Russians held by the U.S., Slovenia, Norway, Poland, and Germany.[449] Turkey and Estonia were also involved in the deal.[448] Biden stressed the importance of alliances on the world stage by describing the achievement as "a powerful example of why it’s vital to have friends in this world."[450]
Quad and the Indo-Pacific region
.jpg)
In March 2021, Biden held a virtual meeting with leaders of Japan, India and Australia, an alliance of countries known as the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue, or the Quad, that work together to address China's expansionism in the Indo-Pacific region.[451][452] A few days later, the administration officials, including secretary of state Antony Blinken and secretary of defense Lloyd Austin, met with U.S. allies in Asia and imposed sanctions on senior Chinese officials.[453][395] Austin also visited India to deepen the defense ties between the two countries.[452] In September 2021, Biden hosted the first in-person meeting of Quad at the White House.[454]
On May 23, 2022, Biden launched the Indo-Pacific Economic Framework for Prosperity (IPEF) to counter growing Chinese economic and political influence in the Indo-Pacific region. At the time of its launch, the IPEF had 12 partners including Australia, Brunei, India, Indonesia, Japan, South Korea, Malaysia, New Zealand, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.[455] In response, China described the proposed grouping as a "closed and exclusive club". National Security Adviser Jake Sullivan defended the IPEF by highlighting the diverse nature of the grouping's membership.[456][457] In November 2023, under pressure from Congressional Democrats, the Biden administration halted plans for the IPEF's trade component.[458][459]
In August 2022, the Biden administration announced that it will be hosting the US–Pacific Island Country Summit in September 2022 which will coincide with the week of the seventy-seventh session of the United Nations General Assembly.[460]
On August 18, 2023, Biden hosted Japanese prime minister Fumio Kishida and South Korean president Yoon Suk Yeol at Camp David. The meeting, amid a period of strained Japan–South Korea relations, resulted in the Camp David Principles relating to joint military exercises, preventing supply chain disruptions, and united criticism of North Korea, Russia, and China.[461]
Russia
On the day of Biden's inauguration, the Russian government urged the new U.S. administration to take a "more constructive" approach in talks over the extension of the 2010 New START treaty, the sole remaining agreement limiting the number of U.S. and Russian long-range nuclear warheads.[462] In Biden's first telephone call as president with Russian President Vladimir Putin, on January 26, 2021, Biden and Putin agreed to extend the New START treaty (which was set to expire in February 2021) by an additional five years.[463]
Biden and his administration condemned human rights violations by the Russian authorities, calling for the release of detained dissident and anti-corruption activist Alexei Navalny, his wife, and the thousands of Russians who had demonstrated in his support; the U.S. called for the unconditional release of Navalny and the protestors and a credible investigation into Navalny's poisoning.[464][465][466] On March 2, 2021, the U.S. and European Union imposed coordinated additional sanctions on Russian officials, as well as the FSB and GRU, over Navalny's poisoning and imprisonment. The State Department also expanded existing sanctions from the Chemical and Biological Weapons Control and Warfare Elimination Act that had been imposed after the poisoning of Skripal.[467] The Biden administration is also planning to impose sanctions against Russia because of the 2020 SolarWinds cyberespionage campaign, which compromised the computer systems of nine federal agencies.[468] Biden's national security adviser Jake Sullivan said the response "will include a mix of tools seen and unseen, and it will not simply be sanctions."[468][467]
The Biden administration's comprehensive review into Russian activities has included an examination of reports that the Russian government offered bounties to kill U.S. troops in Afghanistan.[469][470] The Biden administration said intelligence community has only "low to moderate" confidence in reports due to the fact that the bounty reports originated from "detainee reporting and because of the difficult operating environment in Afghanistan."[471][472] Biden called Russian president Vladimir Putin a "killer" in an ABC News interview, and said that Russia would pay a price for election meddling.[473]
On May 19, 2021, the Biden administration lifted CAATSA sanctions on the Nord Stream 2 pipeline project between Russia and Germany. Despite Biden's personal opposition to the project, the U.S. State Department says that it concluded that it was in the "U.S. national interest" to waive the sanctions.[474] Russian deputy foreign minister Sergei Ryabkov welcomed the move as "a chance for a gradual transition toward the normalization of our bilateral ties."[474]
On June 16, 2021, Biden met with Putin in Geneva, Switzerland. The two presidents discussed a number of topics, including stable policy on climate change, nuclear proliferation, and cybersecurity. Russia's activities regarding Ukraine, Alexei Navalny, Belarus, and nationals jailed in each other's countries. The summit was significantly shorter than expected, only lasting three and a half of the predicted five hours.[475] Putin praised Biden as a knowledgeable and shrewd negotiator the next day.[476][477]
In November 2021, Putin stated that an expansion of NATO's presence in Ukraine, especially the deployment of any long-range missiles capable of striking Russian cities or missile defense systems similar to those in Romania and Poland, would be a "red line" issue for Russia.[478][479] In December 2021, Putin asked President Joe Biden for legal guarantees that NATO wouldn't expand eastward or put "weapons systems that threaten us in close vicinity to Russian territory."[480] The U.S. and NATO have rejected Putin's demands.[481][482]
On February 24, 2022, Biden condemned Russia's invasion of Ukraine, saying Putin "chose this war" and calling him "the aggressor". He announced new sanctions against Russia.[483] On February 25, the White House announced the US would personally sanction Putin and foreign minister Sergey Lavrov.[484] On February 28, the Biden administration announced sanctions against Russia's central bank, prohibiting Americans from doing business with the bank and freezing the bank's assets.[485] On March 29, 2022, Biden appeared to heighten his condemnation concerning Putin made at the end of his NATO trip to Europe, stating that he makes "no apologies" for previously stating that "Putin cannot remain in power".[486] On April 12, he called the war a "genocide".[487] Biden criticized the Kremlin for "idle comments" on the possible use of nuclear weapons.[488]
.jpg)
On April 28, Biden asked Congress for an additional $33 billion to assist Ukraine, including $20 billion to provide weapons to Ukraine.[489] On May 10, the House passed legislation that would provide $40 billion in new aid to Ukraine.[490] The New York Times reported that the United States provided real-time battlefield targeting intelligence to Ukraine that helped Ukrainian forces kill Russian generals and sink the Russian warship Moskva.[491][492] The Biden administration has pledged to help the International Criminal Court (ICC) to prosecute Putin and others for war crimes committed during the invasion of Ukraine.[493][494]
On September 27, 2022, White House press secretary Karine Jean-Pierre encouraged Russian men fleeing their home country to avoid being drafted to apply for asylum in the United States.[495] In early 2023, the Biden administration resumed deportations of Russians who had fled Russia because of mobilization and political persecution.[496]
In January 2024, the Biden administration rejected Putin's proposal for a ceasefire in Ukraine. Biden's National Security Advisor Jake Sullivan informed Putin's foreign policy adviser Yuri Ushakov that the United States would not discuss a ceasefire without Ukraine's participation.[497][498]
On May 30, 2024, Biden gave Ukraine permission to strike targets inside Russia using American-supplied weapons.[499] Biden said "They are authorized to be used in proximity to the border. We are not authorizing strikes 200 miles into Russia."[500] On August 9, 2024, a convoy of Russian troops in the Kursk Oblast of Russia was destroyed in a strike by U.S.-supplied HIMARS rocket system in what Russian milbloggers described as one of the bloodiest attacks of the entire war.[501][502]
Ukraine
.jpg)
In February 2022, amid rising tensions between Ukraine and Russia, the Biden administration faced questions for its year-long failure to nominate an ambassador to Ukraine.[503]
The Russian invasion of Ukraine instigated significant and substantial support to Ukraine during the Biden presidency including two dozen military aid packages to assist them against the invasion. On 28 October 2022 the Pentagon announced the 24th presidential drawdown of materiel worth $275 million; the security assistance has totaled $18.5 billion to Ukraine since January 2021.[504] The aid includes 500 Excalibur precision-guided 155mm artillery rounds, 2000 155mm remote anti-armor mine systems, more than 1,300 anti-armor weapons, more than 2.75 million rounds of small arms ammunition, more HIMARS rockets, 125 Humvees, and four satellite communications antennas for Ukraine's command and control systems, as well as training for operation of the NASAMS units.[a] Two NASAMS units arrived in Ukraine on 7 November 2022.[504][505][b]
On February 20, 2023, four days before the one-year anniversary of the start of Russia's invasion of Ukraine, Biden visited Kyiv and met with President Volodymyr Zelenskyy and First Lady of Ukraine Olena Zelenska.[509] While there, Biden affirmed more military aid to Ukraine and denounced the war.[510] The trip was unannounced, and involved major security coordinations to ensure safety.[511]
In 2022, Congress approved more than $112 billion in aid to Ukraine. In October 2023, the Biden administration requested $61.4 billion more in aid for Ukraine for the year ahead.[512]
Europe
.jpg)
President Biden promised to repair "strained" relationships with European allies in contrast to his predecessor Trump. "An attack on one is an attack on all. That is our unshakeable vow," Biden said, referring to Article 5 of the North Atlantic Treaty (the mutual defense clause).[513] Biden pledged support for the European project and for Ukraine's sovereignty as well as the need for global cooperation on fighting the pandemic and climate change.[514]
.jpg)
U.S. relations with France deteriorated in September 2021 due to fallout from the AUKUS security pact between the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia, which aimed to counter Chinese power in the Indo-Pacific region. As part of the agreement, the U.S. agreed to provide nuclear-powered submarines to Australia. After entering into the agreement, the Australian government canceled an agreement that it had made with France for the provision of French conventionally powered submarines. The deal angered the French government, which recalled its ambassador to the U.S. (Philippe Étienne) as well as the ambassador to Australia. Amid the diplomatic row, the French Foreign Ministry contended that it had been subjected to "duplicity, disdain and lies"[515][516] and French foreign minister Jean-Yves Le Drian called the deal a "stab in the back".[517] In a conciliatory call a few days later, Biden and French president Emmanuel Macron agreed to reduce bilateral tensions, and the White House acknowledged the crisis could have been averted if there had been open consultations between allies.[518] A month later, Biden met Macron, telling him his administration was "clumsy" and that he was "under the impression that France had been informed long before" that France's deal with Australia was "not going through".[519]
In July 2024, the Biden administration announced its intention to deploy long-range missiles in Germany beginning in 2026. In response, Russian president Putin warned of a Cold War-style missile crisis and threatened to deploy long-range missiles within striking distance of the West.[520][521] US weapons in Germany would include SM-6 and Tomahawk cruise missiles and hypersonic weapons.[521] The United States' decision to deploy long-range missiles in Germany has been compared to the deployment of Pershing II launchers in Western Europe in 1979.[522][521] Critics say the move would trigger a new arms race.[523] According to Russian military analysts, it would be extremely difficult to distinguish between a conventionally armed missile and a missile carrying a nuclear warhead, and Russia could respond by deploying longer-range nuclear systems targeting Germany.[524]
Iran
The Biden administration has expressed interest in re-engaging with Iran on the Iran nuclear deal. Biden's predecessor, President Trump, withdrew from the deal in 2018, resulting in swift backlash from international community.[525][526] Secretary of State Antony Blinken said the U.S. would be interested in re-entering the agreement so long as Iran shows "strict compliance".[527] Blinken did not rule out a military intervention to stop Iran from obtaining nuclear weapons.[528][529]
On February 25, 2021, President Biden ordered retaliatory airstrikes on buildings in Syria that the Department of Defense said were used by Iranian-backed militias to carry out rocket attacks on U.S. targets in Iraq. The operation was the first known use of military force by the Biden administration.[530] The attacks prompted condemnation from many Democratic members of Congress. Senator Tim Kaine of Virginia questioned the administration's "legal justification for acting without coming to Congress." Representative Ro Khanna (D-CA) claimed that "the Administration should have sought Congressional authorization."[531]
In July 2022, Biden met with Israeli prime minister Yair Lapid to discuss the Iran nuclear deal and said that he continued to favor diplomacy. Lapid, however, expressed that only military threat would deter Iran from pursuing a nuclear program.[532]
Myanmar
On February 1, 2021, Biden condemned the Myanmar coup d'état and called for the release of detained officials. Biden also left open the door to re-imposing sanctions on the country, saying in a statement that "[t]he United States removed sanctions on Burma over the past decade based on progress toward democracy. The reversal of that progress will necessitate an immediate review of our sanction laws and authorities, followed by appropriate action."[533]
On March 5, 2021, Biden imposed sanctions on Myanmar's Ministry of Home Affairs and Ministry of Defence and certain junta conglomerates.[534] On March 22, 2021, Secretary of State Antony Blinken announced sanctions on several military generals in response to a violent crackdown on peaceful protests.[535]
Northern Ireland
.jpg)
Biden has reiterated his commitment to maintaining peace in Northern Ireland by resisting the possibility of a hard border as a result of Brexit. When asked by The Irish Times in March 2021 about comments made by Irish foreign minister Simon Coveney that the UK "cannot be trusted" on the Northern Ireland protocol, White House press secretary Jen Psaki said that "President Biden has been unequivocal about his support for the Good Friday Agreement." As part of his own Irish-American heritage, Psaki said that Biden "has a special place in his heart for the Irish", underpinning his commitment to Northern Ireland's peace.[536]
Saudi Arabia and Yemen
.jpg)
Biden ordered a halt in the arms sales to Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates which the Trump administration had previously agreed to.[538] Two years after Jamal Khashoggi's assassination, Avril Haines, the Director of National Intelligence under Biden's administration, announced that the intelligence report into the case against the Saudi government would be declassified. It was reported that Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman would be blamed for the murder, as was concluded by the CIA.[539]
On February 4, 2021, the Biden administration announced that the U.S. was ending its support for the Saudi-led bombing campaign in Yemen. President Biden in his first visit to the State Department as president said "this war has to end" and that the conflict has created "a humanitarian and strategic catastrophe".[540] However, the details of the end of American involvement in the war have yet to be released as of April 2021.[541]
In September 2021, Biden's national security adviser Jake Sullivan met in Saudi Arabia with Crown Prince Bin Salman to discuss the high oil prices.[542] The record-high energy prices were driven by a global surge in demand as the world quit the economic recession caused by COVID-19.[543][544] The Biden administration was pressed on potential oil deals with Saudi Arabia, Venezuela, and Iran that would have them increase their oil production.[545][546] However, so far, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates have declined requests from the US.[547][548]
As a presidential candidate, Joe Biden had vowed to make the Saudis "pay the price" and make them a "pariah" state, citing the Kingdom's involvement in the assassination of Jamal Khashoggi.[549] But, in June 2022, the White House confirmed that Biden was to visit Saudi Arabia and meet Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, during his Middle East trip in July.[550][551] The announcement came after inflation in the US rose to a 40-year high.[552] The Russian invasion of Ukraine also had an impact on the oil and gas prices in the US. Biden repeatedly appealed to the Saudis to increase oil production, but the Kingdom turned down such requests.[553] Biden's planned visit was seen as a move to seek Saudi assistance to ease the oil and gas prices at home.[550][554] However, human rights activists and Democratic lawmakers warned Biden that the visit could send signals to Saudi that their horrific human rights violations could be exempted.[550] Saudi dissidents living in the US said that as Saudi activists who were wronged by Prince Mohammed, they "feel betrayed by Biden".[553] Son of Saad Aljabri, Khalid AlJabri said Biden's meeting with MbS would be "equivalent of a presidential pardon for murder".[555] Democratic representative Adam Schiff also criticized the visit saying, "I wouldn't go. I wouldn't shake his hand. This is someone who butchered an American resident, cut him up into pieces and in the most terrible and premeditated way."[556]
On 10 July 2022, president Biden defended his trip to Saudi Arabia, saying humans rights were on his agenda.[557] In an op-ed, he wrote that he aims to "reorient and not rupture relations with a country that's been a strategic partner for 80 years", and that Saudi Arabia has helped to restore unity among the six countries of Gulf Cooperation Council and has fully supported the truce in the context of the Yemen war.[558]
Ahead of Biden's visit to Saudi Arabia, reports revealed that the Biden administration could possibly lift a ban on sales of Offensive weapons to Riyadh. However, U.S. national security adviser Jake Sullivan they were focused on a "real ceasefire", and on Saudi efforts to end the war.[559] After the meeting with Saudi officials, Biden announced that the Kingdom committed to extend the truce in Yemen.[560] On 2 August 2022, the State Department approved the potential sale of 300 MIM-104E Guidance Enhanced Missile-Tactical Ballistic Missiles (GEM-T) for the Patriot missile defense system to Saudi Arabia. It also approved support equipment, spares and technical support to the Arab nation. In addition, the State Department also approved the potential sale of 96 Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) missile defense system interceptors and support equipment to the UAE.[561][562] However, Human Rights Watch said the US should suspend sales of both offensive and defensive arms to Saudi Arabia and the UAE, which have used American weapons in unlawful airstrikes. HRW said a policy reversal by the US could lead to added rights violations in Yemen.[563]
United Arab Emirates
.jpg)
The U.S. authorities indicted Thomas J. Barrack Jr., an outside adviser to Donald Trump during and after the 2016 United States presidential election campaign. They alleged he acted as an unregistered foreign lobbyist for the United Arab Emirates. Barrack was also accused of obstruction of justice by giving false statements to the investigators.[564][565] He was found not guilty on all charges in November 2022.[566] The DOJ also prosecuted some men for funneling more than $3.5 million to Hillary Clinton from George Nader, the royal adviser of the UAE.[567]
While federal prosecutors accused the Emirates of interfering in American politics from both sides, the relations with the Arab nation during Biden's presidency didn't witness much of the expected changes. The UAE was seen escaping its blunder-filled history of relations with the US, despite Biden's repetitive criticism against the Emirates' human rights violations and its attempts of infiltrating the US politics.[568] Moreover, the Biden administration also permitted the arms sales of $23 billion to the UAE, which was initiated by Donald Trump and involved a transfer of sophisticated weaponry like the F-35 fighter jets.[569] The US Justice Department did not charge any Emirati in the case. However, Barrack's indictment identified three UAE officials who were hosts at his reception in the Gulf nation after Trump's 2016 elections, and two others who were involved. Amongst the hosts was Abu Dhabi Crown Prince Mohamed bin Zayed, the UAE's national security adviser Tahnoun bin Zayed and director of the Emirati intelligence service, Ali Mohammed Hammad Al Shamsi. The fourth Emirati official was Abdullah Khalifa Al Ghafli, who "tasked" Barrack to push Emirati interests with America. Another official was Yousef Al Otaiba, who asked to remain anonymous in discussions over private matters.[570] On 23 September 2024, the UAE president Mohammed bin Zayed visited the White House to hold meetings with President Biden and Kamala Harris. It marked the first ever meeting of an Emirati President to Washington. Biden and Harris met MbZ separately, focusing on future bilateral economic and technological relations. Prior to the meeting, Biden received a letter from the lawmakers to raise concerns with the UAE around its military support to RSF in Sudan. Appreciating Biden’s efforts towards the Sudan crisis, the lawmakers stated that the Emirati actions could become an obstruction. They urged Biden to address the concerns to Sheikh Mohammed and press the UAE to cease the support to RSF.[571][572][573]
Israel
.jpg)
Early on, the Biden administration addressed Trump's recognition of Jerusalem as the Israeli capital. The White House confirmed that the U.S. Embassy would remain in Jerusalem and it would continue to be recognized as the capital. The administration also expressed support for the Abraham Accords while wanting to expand on them, although it shied away from using that name, instead referring to it simply as "the normalization process".[574][575][576]
On 13 May 2021, in the aftermath of the Al-Aqsa mosque conflict, the Biden administration was accused of being indifferent towards the violent conflict between Israeli statehood and the Palestinian minority there. Critics on both sides identified the reaction by the White House as "lame and late".[577]
On 21 May 2021, a ceasefire was brokered between Israel and Hamas after eleven days of clashes. According to Biden, the US will be playing a key role to rebuild damaged infrastructure in the Gaza alongside the Palestinian authority.[578][579]
Israel–Hamas War
After the October 7 terrorist attack in Israel perpetrated by Hamas, Biden stated, "We stand with Israel" three days later and emphasized the US's role in potentially freeing American hostages in Gaza.[580]
On October 14, Biden condemned the murder of Wadea Al-Fayoume, a six-year-old Muslim boy in Chicago, by the boy's landlord. The murder was an alleged hate crime inspired by the conflict. Biden said, "There is no place in America for hate against anyone."[581][582]
During a speech at the Human Rights Campaign Dinner on October 15, a protestor chanted "let Gaza live" and "ceasefire now" to which Biden responded that he could not hear the protestor, but then later said "I get it. I'm not sure that's a good thing. No, I'm only joking."[583][584]
Biden's trip to Jordan to meet King Abdullah II, Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, and Mahmoud Abbas was "mutually" canceled on October 17 and indefinitely postponed.[585][586][587]
President Biden traveled to Tel Aviv, Israel on October 18 and met with Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, resulting in humanitarian aid being allowed into Gaza, including food, water, and medicine.[588] During the trip, Biden blamed the al-Ahli Arab Hospital explosion on "an errant rocket fired by a terrorist group in Gaza," citing US intelligence reports.[589][590] He also promised to ask congress for an "unprecedented support package for Israel’s defense," potentially tied to a bill with support for Ukraine, Taiwan, and the Southern Border.[591] Biden called on Congress to pass $14.3 billion in emergency military aid to Israel.[592] Israel already receives $3.8 billion a year in military aid.[593] Biden also announced that the US would send $100 million in humanitarian aid to Gaza and the West Bank.[594]
On November 1, after Jessica Rosenberg, a rabbi and activist from Jewish Voice for Peace, heckled Biden during a speech in Northfield, Minnesota calling for a ceasefire, Biden said, "I think we need a pause. A pause means give time to get the prisoners out."[595][596]
Starting November 9, Biden negotiated four-hour pauses for civilians to flee every day after his push for three-day pauses failed.[597] Starting on November 23, Israel agreed to a four-day ceasefire for north of Gaza for six hours a day and a complete ceasefire south of Gaza in exchange for hostages taken by Hamas. The deal was brokered by Qatar, Egypt, and the United States.[598][599][600]
Ian Bremmer, an American political scientist, stated the Biden administration's position unconditionally supporting Israel had left him as isolated on the world stage as Russia's president Vladimir Putin.[601] Biden has reportedly expressed frustration with Netanyahu's handling of the war, although this has not lead to a major shift in American policy.[602][603]
Congressional oversight on arms sales has been sidestepped by the Biden administration on two occasions in December 2023.[604] Usually the Arms Export Control Act would require the State Department, on behalf of the president, to provide U.S. Congress advance notification of government-to-government foreign military sales of defense equipment. But the secretary of state Antony Blinken certified the existence of an "emergency" and therefore the requirement was lifted twice which raised objections from lawmakers from the Democratic Party.[605]
In February 2024, the Biden administration warned the government of Israel against its announced advance against Rafah,[606] and NBC news reported that Biden "has been venting his frustration in recent private conversations, some of them with campaign donors, over his inability to persuade Israel to change its military tactics in the Gaza Strip".[602] On 16 February 2024, the Wall Street Journal reported that the administration is pushing for a cease-fire deal but on the other hand is preparing another delivery of bombs and other weapons and that the administration has to notify "congressional committee leaders who would need to approve the transfer."[607] On 20 February, the U.S. government vetoed a U.N. Security Council resolution demanding a cease-fire in Gaza.[608]
After the killing of Palestinian civilians receiving food aid on February 29, Biden expressed that the current level of aid flowing into Gaza was insufficient.[609] On March 3, US military began airdropping food aid into Gaza.[610] Some experts called the US airdrops performative and claimed they would do little to alleviate the food situation in Gaza.[611] In July 2024, following Biden's decision not to seek re-election, Palestinian advocacy groups stated they believed that the war would define Biden's presidential legacy.[612]
On July 10, 2024, the Biden administration resumed shipments of the 500-pound bombs to Israel, which were halted in May over concerns about the humanitarian impact of Israel's use of them in killing Palestinians in Gaza.[613]
On September 17, 2024, thousands of handheld pagers used by Hezbollah simultaneously exploded across Lebanon and Syria.[614] The attack came just a day after the Biden administration's special envoy Amos Hochstein visited Israel and warned Benjamin Netanyahu against provoking a major escalation in Lebanon.[615]
Palestine
.jpg)
During a July 2022 visit to Israel, Biden stressed the importance of keeping the two-state vision alive. He met with Palestinian National Authority President Mahmoud Abbas and announced a new aid package to the Palestinians.[616] During the administration of his predecessor Donald Trump, U.S. contributions to the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees had been defunded.[617] On the Israeli end, Prime Minister Yair Lapid reaffirmed his position on a two-state solution.[616]
Worldwide LGBT rights
On February 4, 2021, Biden issued a presidential memorandum for expanding protection of LGBT rights worldwide, which includes the possibility to impose financial sanctions.[618]
The US State Department released a statement on Intersex Awareness Day promoting LGBTQI+ rights around the globe, saying, "Intersex persons often face stigma and discrimination in accessing education, healthcare, and legal recognition, and are subjected to medically unnecessary surgeries. These harmful practices, which can cause lifelong negative physical and emotional consequences, are a medical form of so-called conversion therapy practices in that they seek to physically “convert” Intersex children into non-Intersex children."[619]
Biden announced he would be removing Uganda from the African Growth and Opportunity Act trade deal[620] over the country's anti-LGBT bill that included the death penalty for "aggravated homosexuality" and life-in-prison for identifying as LGBT.[621][622]
Investigations of Biden
Hur special counsel investigation
Biden's attorneys informed the National Archives Administration in November 2022 that classified documents from before Biden's presidency had been found at the Penn Biden Center. Days later Attorney General Garland tasked U.S. Attorney John R. Lausch Jr. with conducting an initial investigation.[623][624][625] On January 5, 2023, Lausch advised Garland that the assignment of a special counsel was warranted.[623][624][625] On January 12, Garland announced that he was appointing a special counsel to investigate "possible unauthorized removal and retention of classified documents or other records",[626][627] and appointed Robert K. Hur as special counsel.[628] Hur released his report on February 8, 2024, stating that the "evidence does not establish Mr. Biden's guilt beyond a reasonable doubt".[629] The report's final conclusion was that "no criminal charges are warranted in this matter" and that it would be "the same even if there was no policy against charging a sitting president".[630]
Congressional investigations
On September 12, 2023, Speaker McCarthy acceded to the right wing of the House Republican Conference and announced the launch of an impeachment inquiry into Biden.[631][632][633] McCarthy claimed that earlier findings of House investigations "paint a picture of corruption" involving Biden and his relatives.[634] Prior investigations have failed to find evidence of wrongdoing by the president.[c] The impeachment inquiry fizzled out by April 2024.[639]
Elections during the Biden presidency
| Senate leaders | House leaders | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Congress | Year | Majority | Minority | Speaker | Minority |
| 117th | 2021–2023 | Schumer[d] | McConnell | Pelosi | McCarthy |
| 118th | 2023 | Schumer | McConnell | McCarthy | Jeffries |
| 2023–2024 | Schumer | McConnell | Jeffries | ||
| 119th[f] | 2025 | Thune | Schumer | TBD | Jeffries |
| Congress | Senate | House |
|---|---|---|
| 117th[f] | 50[d] | 222 |
| 118th | 51 | 213 |
| 119th[f] | 47 | TBD |
2022 midterm elections
Despite Biden's low approvals, a red wave did not occur during the president's midterm as many had anticipated. Democrats expanded their narrow Senate majority while Republicans took control of the House of Representatives by a far smaller margin than expected.[640] This was largely attributed to a backlash against the Supreme Court's decision in Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization,[641] as well as the perceived extremeness of certain Republican candidates in competitive races.
It was the first midterm election since 1986 in which the party of the incumbent president achieved a net gain in governorships, and the first since 1934 in which the president's party didn't lose any state legislative chambers or incumbent senators.[642]
Many pundits had failed to predict the Democrats' resilient performance; Simon Rosenberg was one exception.[643] Polls for the election cycle were the most accurate since 1998, though Republican-aligned pollsters such as the Trafalgar Group had a notable polling miss.[644][645]
The results drew praise from the Democratic Party,[646] and Biden celebrated the results as a strong day for democracy.[647]
2024 elections
Initial Biden campaign and withdrawal
After speculation Biden would not seek re-election due to his advanced age and poor job approval,[648] Biden officially announced his reelection campaign for the Democratic nomination in the 2024 presidential election on April 25, 2023.[649] He became the presumptive Democratic party nominee on March 12, 2024, facing no effective challengers in the primaries.[650] Following what was widely viewed as a lackluster performance in the first presidential debate against presumptive Republican nominee Donald Trump and numerous age and health concerns, Biden faced repeated calls to suspend his candidacy. On July 21, 2024, Biden announced in a post on X (formerly known as Twitter) that he was suspending his campaign. He stated that "while it has been my intention to seek re-election, I believe it is in the best interest of my party and the country for me to stand down and to focus solely on fulfilling my duties as President for the remainder of my term", and endorsed Vice President Kamala Harris in his stead.[651]
General election and transition period
.jpg)
Following the attempted assassination of his then-opponent and then-presumptive Republican nominee former president Donald Trump, Biden condemned the shooting and, in an Oval Office address the next day, spoke about the "need for to lower the temperature" of its political rhetoric.[652]
Biden defended his record as president at the Democratic National Convention and advocated for the election of Harris in one of the last speeches of his presidency.[653] The convention was largely portrayed as an honoring of his political legacy.[654] In the general election, Harris was defeated by Trump. Some Democrats attributed Harris' loss to Biden's unpopularity on issues such as the economy.[655] In the concurrent congressional elections, Republicans also retained control of their majorities in the House of Representatives and won control of the Senate.
Approval ratings and image
Very early in Biden's presidency, opinion polls found that Biden's approval ratings were steadier than Trump's, with an average approval rating of 55% and an average disapproval rate of 39%.[656] Biden's early approval ratings have been more polarized than Trump's, with 98% of Democrats, 61% of independents and 11% of Republicans approving of Biden's presidency in February 2021, a party gap of 87%.[657] Around the end of his first hundred days in office, Biden's approval rating was higher than Trump's but was the third worst since the presidency of Harry Truman; only Trump and Gerald Ford scored lower.[658][659]
After the fall of Kabul and the surge of COVID-19 cases due to the Delta variant in July and August 2021, Biden's approval rating began to steadily decline, from a high of 52.7% approval on July 26, 2021, to 45.9% approval by September 3, 2021, according to FiveThirtyEight.[660][661] While the White House emphasized COVID-19 as causing his low approval rating,[662] inflation, the highest in nearly 40 years,[663][664] has also been described as a cause.[665][666] Biden's lowest approval rating on record comes from a Quinnipiac University poll in July 2022, which showed just 31% of respondents approving of his performance as president.[667]
By the one-year anniversary of Biden's presidency on January 20, 2022, Gallup recorded the average approval rating for Biden's first year as 49%, which was the second-lowest first-year average approval rating for any American president since World War II; only Trump's first-year average of 38.4% was lower.[668][669] Gallup further noted that there was greater political polarization in Biden's approval ratings than any other first-year president in modern history, with 91% of Democrats supporting Biden while just 8% of Republicans supported him, resulting in a party gap of 83%. The only other year of any presidency that saw greater polarization was Trump's final year in office.[668][670] The July 2022 Gallup survey saw Biden's sixth quarter approval rating of 40%, the lowest sixth quarter rating of any president in modern history dating back to Dwight Eisenhower.[671] Until April 23, according to figures compiled by FiveThirtyEight, Biden's approval rating stood at 42.3 percent, a slight improvement from the sub-40 percent level reached in the summer of 2022, but still well below the peak of 53 percent when he began his presidency in January 2021.[672]
An October 30, 2023 poll by the Arab American Institute, support for Biden among Arab Americans dropped from 59% in 2020 to 17%.[673][674] The drop in support has been attributed to the administration's handling of the 2023 Israel–Hamas War.[675][676]
According to Gallup, in July 2024, Biden's approval rating dropped to 36%, the lowest of his presidency, prior to his decision to end his re-election campaign; his highest approval rating dated back to 57% in April 2021.[677][678]
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Media appearances
Biden has been interviewed for several news outlets and appeared on several late-night talk shows throughout his presidency.
In December 2021, Biden appeared on The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon where they discussed "his Build Back Better Plan, the importance of his bipartisan friendship with the late Sen. Bob Dole, rejecting extremism and getting Americans vaccinated against COVID-19."[679]
In June 2022, Biden appeared on Jimmy Kimmel Live! where he discussed "27 school shootings in America in 2022, why he believes nothing has been done so far about gun violence, an overwhelming amount of Americans supporting background checks, meeting with families after the tragic events in Uvalde, Texas, the idea of passing an Executive Order, the strides made in regard to Climate Change, Joe Manchin & Kyrsten Sinema's voting record, housing, food and gas prices being very high and what he intends to do about inflation, the negative impact that the pandemic has had on families and the need for mental health care, being optimistic about this generation of young people, changes in the press, his process for flushing documents down the toilets, what his intentions are if Roe v Wade does in fact get overturned, and his hopes for America."[680]
In July 2022, comedian and host of The Late Late Show, James Corden, visited the White House and spoke with Biden, Jen Psaki, and White House custodian staff. He also gave a fake press briefing in the James S. Brady Press Briefing Room.[681]
Biden has also been interviewed by Drew Barrymore, Jake Tapper, Jonathan Capehart, Yonit Levi, George Stephanopoulos, David Muir, Scott Pelley, Lester Holt, and Norah O'Donnell, for The Drew Barrymore Show,[682] CNN,[683] MSNBC,[684] Channel 12 in Israel,[685] ABC News,[686][687] 60 Minutes,[688] NBC,[689] and CBS News,[690] as well as a solo interview by Heather Cox Richardson[691] and Brian Tyler Cohen.[692] Notably, Biden has not sat down with Fox News, despite its popularity in the United States.[693]
News outlets have criticized Biden for only doing a limited amount of interviews during his tenure. Biden participated in 23 interviews in his first 100 days, compared to 95 for Donald Trump, 187 for Barack Obama, 60 for George W. Bush, 64 for Bill Clinton, 70 for George H. W. Bush, and 78 for Ronald Reagan.[694]
External link
- OPEN LETTER FROM AMERICAN MEDICAL PROFESSIONALS WHO SERVED IN GAZA (Gaza Healthcare Volunteers, October 2, 2024)
Notes
- ^ The first NASAMS is coming to Ukraine (17 October 2022), now that NASAMS training is nearly complete.
- ^ As of 16 November 2022 the NASAMS had a 100% kill rate against their targets.[506][507][508]
- ^ Attributed to multiple sources:[635][636][637][638]
- ^ a b After two runoff elections, of Democrats Jon Ossoff and Raphael Warnock in Georgia, there were 50 Republicans and 50 Democrats (including 2 independents who caucus with the Democrats) in the Senate. Both Ossoff (Georgia's class 2 seat) and Warnock (Georgia's class 3 seat) were seated on January 20, 2021. With Democratic vice president Kamala Harris casting tie-breaking votes, the Democrats also have held a majority in the Senate since January 20, 2021.
- ^ Kevin McCarthy was removed as Speaker of the House on October 3, 2023. Patrick McHenry acted as Speaker pro tempore from October 3, 2023 to October 25, 2023. Mike Johnson was elected to replace McCarthy as Speaker of the House on October 25, 2023.
- ^ a b c 17 days of the 117th Congress (January 3, 2021 – January 19, 2021) took place under President Trump, with Republicans also holding the Senate until January 20th. 17 days of the 119th Congress (January 3, 2025 – January 19, 2025) will take place under President Biden until Trump's second inauguration.
- ^ Democratic seats at the start of each session of Congress. Independents caucusing with the Democratic Party (Senators Bernie Sanders, Angus King, Joe Manchin, and Kyrsten Sinema) are counted as Democrats for the purposes of this table. Throughout Biden's presidency, there were a total of 100 Senate seats in 435 House seats, so a Democratic majority in the Senate required 50 seats (since Democratic vice president Kamala Harris could provide the tie-breaking vote), and a Democratic majority in the House required 218 seats (assuming no vacancies).
References
- ^ Martin, Jonathan; Burns, Alexander (November 7, 2020). "Biden Wins Presidency, Ending Four Tumultuous Years Under Trump". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on November 7, 2020. Retrieved November 7, 2020.
- ^ "When is inauguration day 2021?: Here's when president-elect Joe Biden will take office". Pennlive. November 7, 2020. Archived from the original on January 9, 2021. Retrieved November 7, 2020.
- ^ Peter, Josh (November 5, 2020). "Joe Biden will become the oldest president in American history, a title previously held by Ronald Reagan". USA Today. Retrieved October 6, 2024.
- ^ Farley, Robert; Gore, D'Angelo; Jackson, Brooks (January 20, 2021). "Fact Check: What President Biden Inherits". NBC Bay Area. Archived from the original on March 3, 2021. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ Shear, Michael; Rogers, Katie; Entous, Adam (August 15, 2024). "He Still Thought He Could Win: Inside Biden's Decision to Drop Out". The New York Times. Retrieved October 6, 2024.
- ^ a b c d e Everett, Burgess (July 27, 2022). "Manchin and Schumer announce deal that includes energy, taxes". Politico. Archived from the original on March 15, 2023. Retrieved July 27, 2022.
- ^ a b c Klein, Betsy; Stracqualursi, Veronica; Sullivan, Kate (January 22, 2021). "Biden unveils Covid-19 plan based on 'science not politics' as he signs new initiatives". CNN. Archived from the original on January 21, 2021. Retrieved January 22, 2021.
- ^ Segers, Grace (March 12, 2021). "Biden signs $1.9 trillion American Rescue Plan into law". CBS News. Archived from the original on March 16, 2021. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ Shalal, Andrea; Holland, Steve (November 16, 2021). "Biden signs $1 trillion infrastructure bill into law". Reuters. Archived from the original on November 16, 2021. Retrieved November 16, 2021.
- ^ Cochrane, Emily; Kanno-Youngs, Zolan (June 25, 2022). "Biden Signs Gun Bill Into Law, Ending Years of Stalemate". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved July 16, 2024.
- ^ Shear, Michael D. (June 3, 2023). "Biden Signs Fiscal Responsibility Act in End to Debt Limit Crisis". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on June 3, 2023. Retrieved June 3, 2023.
- ^ McCabe, David; Kang, Cecilia (June 15, 2021). "Biden Names Lina Khan, a Big-Tech Critic, as F.T.C. Chair". The New York Times. Retrieved August 30, 2024.
- ^ Michael D. Shear and Jim Tankersley (October 7, 2021). "Biden Defends Afghan Pullout and Declares an End to Nation-Building". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 28, 2021.
- ^ Tyler Pager; Natasha Bertran (January 29, 2021). "White House shifts from Middle East quagmires to a showdown with China". Politico. Archived from the original on September 24, 2021. Retrieved November 20, 2021.
- ^ Josh Lederman (November 3, 2021). "At global summits, Biden seeks to leverage China's absence". NBC News. Archived from the original on November 16, 2021. Retrieved November 20, 2021.
- ^ "Biden Signs $1.7 Trillion Funding Bill That Includes Ukraine Aid". Bloomberg.com. December 29, 2022. Archived from the original on January 12, 2023. Retrieved December 31, 2022.
- ^ Cancian, Mark F. (November 18, 2022). "Aid to Ukraine Explained in Six Charts". www.csis.org. Archived from the original on January 1, 2023. Retrieved December 31, 2022.
- ^ Montanaro, Domenico (September 2, 2021). "Biden's Approval Rating Hits A New Low After The Afghanistan Withdrawal". NPR. Archived from the original on October 27, 2021. Retrieved September 20, 2023.
- ^ "Biden under pressure as US inflation hits 8.6%, highest in 40 years". France24. June 6, 2022. Archived from the original on August 16, 2022. Retrieved August 12, 2022.
- ^ "What's Behind Biden's Record-Low Approval Rating?". FiveThirtyEight. July 14, 2022. Archived from the original on August 24, 2022. Retrieved August 12, 2022.
- ^ Quay, Grayson; Coleman, Theara (July 14, 2022). "The newly-resurfaced debate on Biden's age and mental fitness". The Week. Archived from the original on August 24, 2022. Retrieved August 12, 2022.
- ^ "The Biggest Success Story the Country Doesn't Know About". The New Republic. ISSN 0028-6583. Retrieved August 3, 2024.
- ^ Tankersley, Jim (June 7, 2024). "Biden Has a Historically Strong Job Market. It May Not Be Enough". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved August 3, 2024.
- ^ Cohn, Nate (July 16, 2020). "One Year From Election, Trump Trails Biden but Leads Warren in Battlegrounds". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on November 28, 2019. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
- ^ "Biden wins White House, vowing new direction for divided US". Associated Press News. November 7, 2020. Archived from the original on January 5, 2021. Retrieved November 7, 2020.
- ^ a b Epstein, Jennifer (November 10, 2020). "Biden Transition Team Calls on Federal Agency to Declare Winner". Bloomberg. Archived from the original on November 18, 2020. Retrieved November 18, 2020.
Biden was declared the winner by media organizations after securing enough electoral votes.
- ^ a b Budryk, Zack (November 9, 2020). "Biden campaign pushes GSA chief to approve transition". The Hill. Archived from the original on November 19, 2020. Retrieved November 18, 2020.
Major media outlets projected Biden as the president-elect Saturday.
- ^ a b Levin, Bess (November 16, 2020). "THE TRUMP APPOINTEE BLOCKING BIDEN'S TRANSITION IS REPORTEDLY TRYING TO LINE UP A NEW JOB FOR 2021". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on November 17, 2020. Retrieved November 18, 2020.
But 13 days after the 2020 election and more than a week after all major media outlets called the race for Joe Biden, with Trump having absolutely no chance of getting a second term, Murphy has refused to acknowledge that Biden won, making it that much more difficult for the president-elect and his team to get a head start on crucial matters like a pandemic that has killed more than 245,000 people in the U.S. so far and stands to kill a lot more if no one does anything about it until January 2021.
- ^ a b Young, Robin (November 9, 2020). "In Unprecedented Move, Key Federal Agency Hesitates On Declaring Biden Winner". WBUR-FM. Archived from the original on November 9, 2020. Retrieved November 18, 2020.
The answer is no, and I think you rightly note that this is different than what occurred in 2000 [in the Al Gore vs. George W. Bush race], there is a consensus certainly on the media side and with the states that are at play.
- ^ Sherman, Amy; Valverde, Miriam (January 8, 2021). "Joe Biden is right that more than 60 of Trump's election lawsuits lacked merit". PolitiFact. Archived from the original on February 26, 2021. Retrieved December 21, 2021.
- ^ Voreacos, David; Stohr, Greg; Niquette, Mark (November 9, 2020). "Trump's Legal Blitz Isn't Contesting Enough Votes to Win". Bloomberg.com. Archived from the original on November 27, 2020. Retrieved November 15, 2020.
- ^ "US election 2020: What legal challenges is Trump planning?". BBC News. November 13, 2020. Archived from the original on December 6, 2020. Retrieved November 15, 2020.
- ^ Rein, Lisa; O'Connell, Jonathan; Dawsey, Josh (November 8, 2020). "A little-known Trump appointee is in charge of handing transition resources to Biden – and she isn't budging". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Archived from the original on November 9, 2020. Retrieved November 9, 2020.
- ^ Collinson, Stephen (November 11, 2020). "Alarm grows over Trump administration acting 'more akin to a dictatorship' as he denies election defeat". CNN. Archived from the original on November 11, 2020. Retrieved November 11, 2020.
- ^ Daly, Matthew; Jalonick, Mary Clare (November 23, 2020). "GSA ascertains Joe Biden is 'apparent winner' of election, clears way for the transition from Trump administration to formally begin". The Baltimore Sun. Archived from the original on November 23, 2020. Retrieved November 23, 2020.
- ^ Mucha, Sarah; Bradner, Eric (November 9, 2020). "Biden transition team announces coronavirus advisers, including whistleblower Rick Bright". CNN. Archived from the original on February 9, 2021. Retrieved November 12, 2020.
- ^ Dennis, Steven T.; House, Billy; Flatley, Daniel (January 6, 2021). "Democrats Win U.S. Senate as Ossoff Tops Perdue in Georgia Sweep". Bloomberg.com. Archived from the original on January 28, 2021. Retrieved April 6, 2021.
- ^ Walsh, Deirdre; Snell, Kelsey (January 6, 2021). "Democrats Take Control Of Senate With Twin Georgia Victories". NPR. Archived from the original on October 6, 2022. Retrieved April 6, 2021.
- ^ Wise, Alana (January 4, 2021). "'The Power Is Literally In Your Hands': Biden Urges Georgians To Vote Tuesday". NPR. Archived from the original on March 3, 2021. Retrieved April 6, 2021.
- ^ Sullivan, Kate (December 17, 2020). "Biden appears in campaign ad for Georgia's Jon Ossoff and Raphael Warnock". CNN. Archived from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved April 6, 2021.
- ^ Lucas, Ryan (January 6, 2022). "Where the Jan. 6 insurrection investigation stands, one year later". NPR. Archived from the original on January 6, 2022. Retrieved June 28, 2023.
- ^ Tan, Rebecca; Jamison, Peter; Leonnig, Carol D.; Flynn, Meagan; Cox, John Woodrow (January 6, 2021). "Trump supporters storm U.S. Capitol, with one woman killed and tear gas fired". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on January 6, 2021. Retrieved March 10, 2021.
- ^ Helsel, Phil; Gains, Mosheh (March 9, 2021). "Defense secretary extends National Guard presence in D.C." NBC News. Archived from the original on March 11, 2021. Retrieved March 11, 2021.
- ^ Baker, Peter (January 20, 2021). "Biden Inaugurated as the 46th President Amid a Cascade of Crises". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 28, 2021. Retrieved January 20, 2021.
- ^ Firozi, Paulina; Bellware, Kim (January 20, 2020). "Biden became president at noon despite taking oath early, constitutional experts say". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on October 14, 2022. Retrieved January 20, 2021.
- ^ Ashraf, Khalil (December 15, 2020). "Biden to take oath outside Capitol amid virus restrictions". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on January 14, 2021. Retrieved December 16, 2020.
- ^ a b Baker, Peter; Astor, Maggie; Kaplan, Thomas (January 20, 2021). "Inauguration Live Updates: President Biden Arrives at the White House". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 20, 2021. Retrieved January 20, 2021.
- ^ a b c Thrush, Glenn (January 20, 2021). "President Biden's Full Inauguration Speech, Annotated". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 21, 2021. Retrieved January 22, 2021.
- ^ a b "'This Is America's Day': Biden's Inaugural Address, Annotated". NPR. January 20, 2021. Archived from the original on January 20, 2021. Retrieved January 20, 2021.
- ^ Lemire, Jonathan; Miller, Zeke; Jaffe, Alexandria (January 20, 2021). "Biden takes the helm as president: 'Democracy has prevailed'". Associated Press. Archived from the original on January 20, 2021. Retrieved January 20, 2021.
- ^ Korecki, Natasha (January 20, 2021). "Biden pledges, once more, to lead America away from dystopia". Politico. Archived from the original on January 21, 2021. Retrieved January 21, 2021.
- ^ Yoo, Noah (January 20, 2021). "President Biden Quotes From "American Anthem," His "Favorite Song," in Inaugural Address". Pitchfork. Archived from the original on January 20, 2021. Retrieved January 22, 2021.
- ^ "Kamala Harris becomes first female, first black and first Asian-American VP". BBC News. January 20, 2021. Archived from the original on March 22, 2021. Retrieved March 21, 2021.
- ^ Shear, Michael D.; Glueck, Katie; Haberman, Maggie; Kaplan, Thomas (November 12, 2020). "Biden Names Ron Klain as White House Chief of Staff". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved November 12, 2020.
- ^ Chaggaris, Steve; Roberts, William (March 25, 2021). "What Joe Biden said in his first presidential press conference". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on June 29, 2021. Retrieved July 6, 2021.
- ^ Wooley, John; Peters, Gerhard (n.d.). "Days from Taking Office to First News Conference". The American Presidency Project. University of California, Santa Barbara. Archived from the original on March 25, 2021. Retrieved March 4, 2021.
- ^ Stelter, Brian (March 3, 2021). "White House reporters clamor for press conference as Biden waits longer than predecessors". CNN. Archived from the original on March 15, 2021. Retrieved March 4, 2021.
- ^ Sullivan, Sean (November 17, 2020). "Biden builds White House team and tries to show dangers of Trump's intransigence". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on November 20, 2020. Retrieved November 21, 2020.
- ^ Lerer, Lisa (November 17, 2020). "Jennifer O'Malley Dillon, Biden's Campaign Manager, Will Tackle Another Difficult Job". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 10, 2021. Retrieved November 21, 2020.
- ^ Jakes, Lara (November 22, 2020). "Biden Chooses Antony Blinken, Defender of Global Alliances, as Secretary of State". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 23, 2020. Retrieved November 22, 2020.
- ^ Linskey, Annie (November 22, 2020). "Biden to nominate Antony Blinken as secretary of state, Linda Thomas-Greenfield as U.N. ambassador". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on November 23, 2020. Retrieved November 22, 2020.
- ^ Crowley, Michael (November 23, 2020). "Biden Will Nominate First Woman to Lead Intelligence, First Latino to Run Homeland Security". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 23, 2020. Retrieved November 23, 2020.
- ^ "All of President-elect Joe Biden's Cabinet Nominees". New York. January 19, 2021. Archived from the original on December 15, 2020. Retrieved July 6, 2021.
- ^ Cathey, Libby; Crawford, Shannon K.; Deliso, Meredith (March 22, 2021). "President Joe Biden's top-level appointees and Cabinet picks". ABC News. Archived from the original on July 8, 2021. Retrieved July 6, 2021.
- ^ Zimmer, Carl (January 16, 2021). "Biden to Elevate Science Adviser to His Cabinet". The New York Times. Archived from the original on February 6, 2021. Retrieved October 14, 2022.
- ^ Falk, Pamela (November 20, 2020). "Will Biden tap a U.N. ambassador to "reclaim America's leading position"?". CBS News. Archived from the original on January 26, 2021. Retrieved October 14, 2022.
- ^ Johnson, Martin (December 1, 2020). "Biden elevates Economic Advisers chair to Cabinet". The Hill. Archived from the original on December 15, 2020. Retrieved October 14, 2022.
- ^ Lee, Matthew (January 11, 2021). "Biden chooses veteran diplomat Burns as CIA director". Associated Press. Archived from the original on February 26, 2021. Retrieved October 14, 2022.
- ^ Shear, Michael D. (July 21, 2023). "Biden Elevates C.I.A. Director to Become a Member of the Cabinet". The New York Times. Archived from the original on August 10, 2023. Retrieved August 9, 2023.
- ^ Aggarwal, Mayank (January 21, 2021). "Biden tells staff he will 'fire them on the spot' if they show disrespect to colleagues". The Independent. Archived from the original on February 13, 2021. Retrieved January 21, 2021.
- ^ Williams, Pete (January 26, 2022). "Justice Stephen Breyer to retire from Supreme Court, paving way for Biden appointment". NBC News. Retrieved January 26, 2022.
- ^ Shear, Michael D. (January 27, 2022). "Live Updates: Biden Vows to Name Supreme Court Nominee by End of February". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 27, 2022.
- ^ Cordes, Nancy; O'Keefe, Ed (February 23, 2022). "Biden has interviewed his top three Supreme Court candidates". www.cbsnews.com. Retrieved February 24, 2022.
- ^ de Vogue, Ariane; Biskupic, Joan; Raju, Manu (February 22, 2022). "Biden has met with at least three potential Supreme Court nominees". CNN. Retrieved February 25, 2022.
- ^ Gambino, Lauren (February 25, 2022). "Biden nominates Ketanji Brown Jackson to become first Black woman on supreme court". the Guardian. Retrieved February 25, 2022.
- ^ Rogers, Katie (February 25, 2022). "Live Updates: Biden Picks Ketanji Brown Jackson for Supreme Court". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 25, 2022.
- ^ Jake Tapper; Ariane de Vogue; Jeff Zeleny; Betsy Klein (February 25, 2022). "Biden to nominate Ketanji Brown Jackson to be first Black woman to sit on Supreme Court". CNN. Retrieved February 25, 2022.
- ^ Chasmar, Jessica (February 21, 2022). "Biden to nominate Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson to Supreme Court". Fox News. Retrieved February 25, 2022.
- ^ "Senate confirms Ketanji Brown Jackson to Supreme Court in historic vote". NBC News. Retrieved April 26, 2022.
- ^ Fritze, John (March 6, 2022). "Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson would add another Protestant voice to heavily Catholic Supreme Court". Yahoo! News. Retrieved June 30, 2022.
- ^ de Vogue, Ariane (June 30, 2022). "Ketanji Brown Jackson to join a Supreme Court in turmoil". CNN. Retrieved June 30, 2022.
- ^ "WATCH LIVE: Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson sworn in as first Black woman on Supreme Court". PBS NewsHour. June 30, 2022. Retrieved June 30, 2022.
- ^ "Ketanji Brown Jackson sworn in as first Black woman on US top court". BBC. June 30, 2022. Retrieved July 1, 2022.
- ^ "Biden's health care plan". JoeBiden.com. Joe Biden's presidential campaign of 2020. Archived from the original on August 17, 2021. Retrieved August 7, 2021.
- ^ "Joe Biden Lifted His Health Care Plan From Insurance Industry Lobbyists". Jacobin. January 19, 2021. Archived from the original on March 5, 2021. Retrieved August 17, 2021.
- ^ Spangler, Todd. "Biden administration pulls plug on Medicaid work requirements in Michigan". Detroit Free Press. Archived from the original on April 10, 2021. Retrieved April 10, 2021.
- ^ Tami Luhby and Jeremy Diamond (March 23, 2021). "Biden administration announces extension of Affordable Care Act special enrollment by three months". CNN. Archived from the original on April 10, 2021. Retrieved April 10, 2021.
- ^ Armour, Stephanie (March 23, 2021). "Biden Administration Extends Enrollment Period for Affordable Care Act". The Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Archived from the original on April 10, 2021. Retrieved April 10, 2021.
- ^ Harwood, Analysis by John (April 11, 2021). "Analysis: Biden strengthens Obama's legacy while seeking his own". CNN. Archived from the original on April 11, 2021. Retrieved April 11, 2021.
- ^ Romm, Tony (August 7, 2022). "Senate approves Inflation Reduction Act, clinching long-delayed health and climate bill". The Washington Post. Retrieved October 25, 2024.
- ^ Alltucker, Ken. "Biden administration says Medicare negotiated price discounts on 10 prescription drugs". USA TODAY. Retrieved August 17, 2024.
Under President Joe Biden's 2022 climate and health legislation called the Inflation Reduction Act, Medicare was empowered to negotiate prices with pharmaceutical companies on a limited number of medications.
- ^ Megerian, Chris (August 10, 2022). "Biden signs 'burn pits' help for vets; a personal win, too". Associated Press. Archived from the original on September 3, 2022. Retrieved September 2, 2022.
- ^ "Nearly 107,000 drug overdoses, COVID deaths, push US life expectancy to lowest in 25 years". USA Today. December 22, 2022. Archived from the original on May 27, 2024. Retrieved March 13, 2024.
- ^ "Opioid Deaths Could Hit 165,000 Annually Without Intervention, Biden Official Warns". Forbes. June 7, 2023. Archived from the original on March 13, 2024. Retrieved March 13, 2024.
- ^ Lynch, Sarah N.; Cohen, Luc; Lynch, Sarah N.; Cohen, Luc (June 23, 2023). "US files first-ever charges against Chinese fentanyl manufacturers". Reuters. Archived from the original on June 24, 2023. Retrieved March 13, 2024.
- ^ Goudsward, Andrew; Psaledakis, Daphne (October 3, 2023). "US takes action against Chinese companies, people tied to fentanyl". Reuters. Archived from the original on October 4, 2023. Retrieved March 13, 2024.
- ^ "U.S. Presses China to Stop Flow of Fentanyl". The New York Times. November 15, 2023. Archived from the original on March 13, 2024. Retrieved March 13, 2024.
- ^ "Mexican cartel targeted by Biden administration in multiple fentanyl indictments". Colorado Newsline. April 14, 2023. Archived from the original on March 13, 2024. Retrieved March 13, 2024.
- ^ "Biden's top man on the opioid epidemic has created a 'toxic' office environment". Politico. February 16, 2024. Archived from the original on March 13, 2024. Retrieved March 13, 2024.
- ^ Biden, Joseph R. (January 21, 2021). "Executive Order on Protecting the Federal Workforce and Requiring Mask-Wearing". White House. Archived from the original on February 10, 2023. Retrieved January 21, 2021.
- ^ a b c d e Bradner, Eric; Klein, Betsy (January 20, 2021). "Biden targets Trump's legacy with first-day executive actions". CNN. Archived from the original on February 7, 2021. Retrieved January 20, 2021.
- ^ Stolberg, Sheryl Gay (January 21, 2021). "Live Updates: Biden Set to Unveil Covid Response Plan". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 21, 2021. Retrieved January 21, 2021.
- ^ Biden, Joseph R. (January 21, 2021). "National Strategy for the COVID-19 Response and Pandemic Preparedness" (PDF). The White House. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 21, 2021. Retrieved January 21, 2021.
- ^ a b c d e "Biden's COVID-19 plan: Masks, testing, more vaccine supplies". Associated Press. January 21, 2021. Archived from the original on January 21, 2021. Retrieved January 21, 2021.
- ^ "Biden signs executive orders on COVID-19 response, authorizes broader use of Defense Production Act to speed vaccine". The Philadelphia Inquirer. January 21, 2021. Archived from the original on January 29, 2021. Retrieved January 21, 2021.
- ^ Vogt, Adrienne (January 21, 2021). "Biden on Covid-19 plan: "This is a wartime undertaking"". CNN. Archived from the original on January 21, 2021. Retrieved January 21, 2021.
- ^ Collins, Kaitlan; Sullivan, Kate (July 1, 2021). "White House to deploy response teams focused on combating Delta variant of Covid-19". CNN. Archived from the original on July 8, 2021. Retrieved July 6, 2021.
- ^ a b Bing, Chris; Schechtman, Joel (June 14, 2024). "Pentagon Ran Secret Anti-Vax Campaign to Undermine China during Pandemic". Reuters.
- ^ Toropin, Konstantin (June 14, 2024). "Pentagon Stands by Secret Anti-Vaccination Disinformation Campaign in Philippines After Reuters Report". Military.com. Archived from the original on June 14, 2024. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
- ^ "Biden signs 10 executive orders to tackle Covid-19". BBC News. January 21, 2021. Archived from the original on February 17, 2021. Retrieved January 21, 2021.
- ^ Allegretti, Aubrey (January 21, 2021). "COVID-19: US president Joe Biden signs 10 executive orders to curb spread of coronavirus". Sky News. Archived from the original on January 28, 2021. Retrieved January 21, 2021.
- ^ Stolberg, Sheryl Gay (January 21, 2021). "Biden Unveils a National Pandemic Response That Trump Resisted". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 28, 2021. Retrieved January 21, 2021.
- ^ O'Donnell, Kelly (January 24, 2021). "Biden to reinstate Covid travel restrictions Trump rescinded, impose new ban on South Africa". NBC News. Archived from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved January 25, 2021.
- ^ Diaz, Jaclyn (January 25, 2021). "Biden To Implement Travel Restrictions To Combat New Coronavirus Variants". NPR. Archived from the original on January 25, 2021. Retrieved January 25, 2021.
- ^ Saenz, Arlette; LeBlanc, Paul (January 24, 2021). "Biden to reinstate Covid-19-related travel restrictions lifted by Trump". CNN. Archived from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved January 25, 2021.
- ^ Shepardson, David (January 24, 2021). "Biden to impose South Africa travel ban to combat new COVID-19 variant". Reuters. Archived from the original on January 25, 2021. Retrieved January 25, 2021.
- ^ Belkin, Douglas (January 30, 2021). "CDC to Require Masks on All Forms of Public Transportation". The Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Archived from the original on January 30, 2021. Retrieved January 30, 2021.
- ^ "Biden Rebuffs EU, AstraZeneca and Says U.S. Will Keep Its Doses". March 13, 2021. Archived from the original on March 23, 2021. Retrieved April 9, 2021.
- ^ "EU exported 77 million COVID-19 vaccines since December Commission". Reuters. March 25, 2021. Archived from the original on March 26, 2021. Retrieved March 27, 2021.
- ^ "Blocked by the EU's export ban, Japan got its first AstraZeneca vaccines from the US instead". Yahoo! Sports. April 1, 2021. Archived from the original on January 10, 2023. Retrieved April 4, 2021.
- ^ "Biden administration supports waiving patent protections for Covid vaccines to raise global production". NBC News. May 5, 2021. Archived from the original on July 16, 2021. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ "Covid: Macron calls on US to drop vaccine export bans". BBC. May 8, 2021. Archived from the original on June 11, 2021. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ "Biden orders review of US intelligence on origins of coronavirus". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on June 1, 2021. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ Jaffe, Alexandra; Madhani, Aamer (July 22, 2021). "Biden says getting COVID-19 vaccine 'gigantically important'". Associated Press. Archived from the original on July 30, 2021. Retrieved July 23, 2021.
- ^ "Covid misinformation on Facebook is killing people - Biden". BBC News. July 17, 2021. Archived from the original on July 22, 2021. Retrieved July 23, 2021.
- ^ "Sweeping new vaccine mandates for 100 million Americans". AP NEWS. September 9, 2021. Archived from the original on September 21, 2021. Retrieved September 10, 2021.
- ^ "Biden tells legal challengers to 'have at it' after announcing vaccine mandate". The Week. September 10, 2021. Archived from the original on September 21, 2021. Retrieved September 11, 2021.
- ^ Franck, Thomas (December 27, 2021). "Biden says Covid surge needs to be solved at state level, vows full federal support". CNBC. Archived from the original on December 30, 2021. Retrieved December 30, 2021.
- ^ "Psaki on Covid tests: 'Should we just send one to every American?'". Politico. December 21, 2021. Archived from the original on December 30, 2021. Retrieved December 30, 2021.
- ^ Seddiq, Oma (December 21, 2021). "Psaki responds to criticism over her dismissal of sending Americans COVID-19 tests". Business Insider. Archived from the original on December 30, 2021. Retrieved December 30, 2021.
- ^ Liptak, Kevin (December 27, 2021). "Biden concedes not enough has been done to expand Covid-19 testing capacity: 'We have more work to do'". CNN. Archived from the original on December 30, 2021. Retrieved December 30, 2021.
- ^ "Coronavirus in the U.S.: Latest Map and Case Count". The New York Times. The New York Times. December 30, 2021. Archived from the original on June 9, 2022. Retrieved December 30, 2021.
- ^ "CDC Updates and Shortens Recommended Isolation and Quarantine Period for General Population". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Press release). December 27, 2021. Archived from the original on December 31, 2021. Retrieved December 30, 2021.
- ^ Foody, Katie; Miller, Zeke. "CDC move to shorten COVID isolation causes confusion and doubt". No. 28 December 2021. Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on December 30, 2021. Retrieved December 30, 2021.
- ^ Jessica Bartlett (September 12, 2022). "Channeling JFK in Boston visit, Biden breathes new life into cancer 'moonshot'". The Boston Globe. Archived from the original on September 14, 2022. Retrieved September 14, 2022.
- ^ a b c d e f Baker, Dean (July 29, 2024). "The Biggest Success Story the Country Doesn't Know About". The New Republic. ISSN 0028-6583. Retrieved August 2, 2024.
- ^ Fox, Michelle (March 1, 2024). "The U.S. national debt is rising by $1 trillion about every 100 days". CNBC.
- ^ a b Narea, Nicole (August 13, 2024). "Biden wants to free you from all those subscriptions you meant to cancel but didn't". Vox. Retrieved August 14, 2024.
- ^ a b c d Alonso-Zaldivar, Ricardo; Barrow, Bill (January 14, 2021). "Biden unveils $1.9T plan to stem COVID-19 and steady economy". Associated Press. Archived from the original on January 20, 2021. Retrieved January 21, 2021.
- ^ a b c d e f "President-elect Biden Announces American Rescue Plan" (PDF). The White House. January 14, 2021. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 23, 2021. Retrieved January 21, 2021.
- ^ a b c d e Dodge, Garen E.; Sholinsky, Susan Gross (January 19, 2021). "What's in President-Elect Biden's COVID-19 American Rescue Plan?". The National Law Review. Archived from the original on January 20, 2021. Retrieved January 21, 2021.
- ^ The White House (January 21, 2021). "01/20/21: Press Briefing by Press Secretary Jen Psaki". YouTube. Archived from the original on February 6, 2021. Retrieved January 21, 2021.
- ^ Montanaro, Domenico (March 13, 2021). "The COVID-19 Relief Bill Passed. What's Biden's Next Big Move?". NPR. Archived from the original on March 16, 2021. Retrieved March 15, 2021.
- ^ Pramuk, Jacob (March 11, 2021). "Biden signs $1.9 trillion Covid relief bill, clearing way for stimulus checks, vaccine aid". CNBC. Archived from the original on February 10, 2023. Retrieved March 17, 2021.
- ^ Stein, Jeff (April 24, 2021). "White House's new $1.8 trillion 'families plan' reflects ambitions — and limits — of Biden presidency". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on April 26, 2021. Retrieved April 25, 2021.
- ^ Stein, Jeff; Pager, Tyler (April 19, 2021). "White House closes in on 'families plan' spending proposal centered on child care, pre-K, paid leave". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on April 20, 2021. Retrieved April 25, 2021.
- ^ Tankersley, Jim (April 22, 2021). "Biden Will Seek Tax Increase on Rich to Fund Child Care and Education". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 28, 2021.
- ^ "Biden sets $1.9 - $2.2 trillion price range for social safety net bill in call with House progressives". CBS News. October 5, 2021. Archived from the original on October 23, 2021. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
- ^ Seipel, Arnie (December 19, 2021). "Joe Manchin says he won't support President Biden's Build Back Better plan". NPR. Archived from the original on April 11, 2022. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
- ^ Wagner, Erich (January 22, 2021). "Biden to Sign Executive Order Killing Schedule F, Restoring Collective Bargaining Rights". Government Executive. Archived from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved January 22, 2021.
- ^ Ogrysko, Nicole (January 22, 2021). "Biden to repeal Schedule F, overturn Trump workforce policies with new executive order". Federal News Network. Archived from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved January 22, 2021.
- ^ Boak, Josh (January 22, 2021). "Biden's executive actions for economic relief at a glance". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on January 30, 2021. Retrieved January 22, 2021.
- ^ Lienhard, Kelly (January 22, 2021). "Biden Axes Trump's EO That Made It Easier To Fire Career Scientists". Inside Health Policy. Archived from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved January 22, 2021.
- ^ Williams, Alex Gangitano and Jordan (January 21, 2021). "Biden fires Trump-era NLRB counsel". The Hill. Archived from the original on August 30, 2023. Retrieved August 30, 2023.
- ^ "The NLRB Welcomes Jennifer Abruzzo as General Counsel". National Labor Relations Board. Archived from the original on August 30, 2023. Retrieved August 30, 2023.
- ^ Niedzwiadek, Nick (May 9, 2022). "NLRB stretches its wings under Biden's appointees". POLITICO. Archived from the original on August 30, 2023. Retrieved August 30, 2023.
- ^ Wiessner, Daniel (August 24, 2023). "NLRB restores Obama-era rule speeding up union election process". Reuters. Archived from the original on August 30, 2023. Retrieved August 30, 2023.
- ^ "Why 'Union Joe' Made it Illegal for Rail Workers to Strike". Time. December 2, 2022. Archived from the original on August 30, 2023. Retrieved August 30, 2023.
- ^ Hsu, Andrea. "Some rail workers say Biden "turned his back on us" in deal to avert rail strike". NPR. Archived from the original on August 30, 2023. Retrieved August 30, 2023.
- ^ White, Ben (November 29, 2022). "Inside Biden's decision to halt a rail strike". POLITICO. Archived from the original on August 30, 2023. Retrieved August 30, 2023.
- ^ Bose, Nandita (February 9, 2023). "White House renews pressure on railroads over paid sick leave". Reuters. Archived from the original on November 24, 2023. Retrieved September 20, 2023.
- ^ Shepardson, David (June 6, 2023). "Most unionized US rail workers now have new sick leave". Reuters. Archived from the original on September 24, 2023. Retrieved September 20, 2023.
- ^ "UAW strike: Biden says striking car workers deserve 'fair share'". BBC News. September 15, 2023. Archived from the original on September 15, 2023. Retrieved September 20, 2023.
- ^ "MSN". www.msn.com. Archived from the original on January 31, 2019. Retrieved September 20, 2023.
- ^ "Biden visits the picket line in Michigan to show solidarity with striking UAW". CNN. September 26, 2023. Archived from the original on September 26, 2023. Retrieved September 26, 2023.
- ^ Weissert, Will; Miller •, Zeke (March 23, 2023). "Pro-Labor? Biden Aims to Prove It With Unionized 2024 Staff". NBC Los Angeles. Archived from the original on August 30, 2023. Retrieved August 30, 2023.
- ^ Stein, Jeff; Duncan, Ian; Gurley, Lauren Kaori (October 4, 2024). "How Biden helped end a port strike that threatened Democrats in November". The Washington Post. Retrieved November 5, 2024.
- ^ Cathey, Libby (March 13, 2023). "Amid crisis, Biden tells Americans 'banking system is safe'". ABC News. Archived from the original on March 14, 2023. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
- ^ Hunnicutt, Trevor (March 13, 2023). "Biden vows new bank rules after SVB collapse, cites Trump rollback". Reuters. Archived from the original on March 14, 2023. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
- ^ Biden, Joseph R. Jr. (January 25, 2021). "Executive Order on Ensuring the Future Is Made in All of America by All of America's Workers". The White House. Archived from the original on January 25, 2021. Retrieved January 29, 2021.
- ^ Lobosco, Katie (January 25, 2021). "Biden signs executive order aimed at strengthening American manufacturing". CNN. Archived from the original on January 28, 2021. Retrieved January 29, 2021.
- ^ Johnson, Lamar (August 9, 2022). "Biden ends slog on semiconductor bill with signature". POLITICO. Archived from the original on June 21, 2023. Retrieved August 9, 2022.
- ^ Shivaram, Deepa (August 12, 2022). "Democrats passed a major climate, health and tax bill. Here's what's in it". NPR. Archived from the original on September 2, 2022. Retrieved September 2, 2022.
- ^ Lohr, Steve (October 4, 2022). "Micron Pledges Up to $100 Billion for Semiconductor Factory in New York". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on October 6, 2022. Retrieved November 8, 2022.
- ^ Davis, Bob (January 24, 2021). "Biden Team Promises New Look in Trade Policy". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on January 25, 2021. Retrieved January 26, 2021.
- ^ Allen-Ebrahimian, Bethany (January 26, 2021). "Biden set his sights on China". Axios. Archived from the original on January 26, 2021. Retrieved January 26, 2021.
- ^ Swanson, Ana (January 26, 2021). "Biden's Commerce Pick Vows to Combat China and Climate Change". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 26, 2021. Retrieved January 26, 2021.
- ^ Davis, Bob; Hayashi, Yuka (March 28, 2021). "New Trade Representative Says U.S. Isn't Ready to Lift China Tariffs". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on March 28, 2021. Retrieved March 29, 2021.
- ^ Klein, Betsy. "US suspends all diplomatic trade engagement with Myanmar after weekend of violence against pro-democracy protesters". CNN. Archived from the original on March 29, 2021. Retrieved March 30, 2021.
- ^ Su, Annie (May 15, 2024). "US to impose 25% import tariffs on Chinese rare earth magnets in 2026". Fastmarkets. Retrieved June 20, 2024.
- ^ Treadgold, Tim. "Rinehart's New Attack On China's Rare Earth Dominance". Forbes. Retrieved June 20, 2024.
- ^ Boak, Josh; Hussein, Fatima; Wiseman, Paul; Tang, Didi (May 14, 2024). "Biden hikes tariffs on Chinese EVs, solar cells, steel, aluminum — and snipes at Trump". AP News. Archived from the original on May 16, 2024. Retrieved May 16, 2024.
- ^ Schwartz, Brian (January 21, 2021). "Joe Biden's business allies discuss ways to pay for infrastructure plan, including a carbon tax". CNBC. Archived from the original on February 15, 2021. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ "Biden signs infrastructure bill, marking victory in hard-fought legislative battle". NBC News. November 15, 2021. Archived from the original on November 15, 2021. Retrieved November 18, 2021.
- ^ Sprunt, Barbara; Kim, Caitlyn; Shivaram, Deepa (November 6, 2021). "Biden says final passage of $1 trillion infrastructure plan is a big step forward". NPR. Archived from the original on January 21, 2022. Retrieved November 14, 2021.
- ^ a b Osaka, Shannon (March 28, 2024). "Biden's $7.5 Billion Investment in EV Charging has Only Produced 7 Stations in Two Years". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on May 12, 2024. Retrieved May 5, 2024.
- ^ Derby, Michael S. (September 27, 2022). "Fed's Harker says housing shortage a key inflation driver". Reuters.
- ^ O'Donnell, Katy; Guida, Victoria (November 10, 2021). "Biden's next inflation threat: The rent is too damn high". Politico.
Housing costs just posted one of their largest monthly gains in decades, and many economists expect them to loom large in inflation figures over the next year heading into the 2022 midterm elections. It's not just economists — the Federal Reserve Bank of New York said in research released Monday that Americans on average expect rents to rise 10.1 percent over the next year, the highest reading in the survey's history.
- ^ Bahney, Bryan Mena, Anna (March 8, 2024). "Biden says he can fix America's housing affordability crisis. Will it work? | CNN Business". CNN. Retrieved July 24, 2024.
Fed Chair Jerome Powell in testimony this week said a growing housing shortage is likely to result in continued housing inflation.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ a b Becker, William S. (July 22, 2024). "Opinion: Climate inflation is eating your paycheck — and it's only going to get worse". The Hill. Retrieved July 24, 2024.
- ^ "How is climate change affecting food prices and inflation?". Al Jazeera. July 11, 2024. Retrieved July 24, 2024.
- ^ Borenstein, Seth (March 21, 2024). "Higher temperatures mean higher food and other prices. A new study links climate shocks to inflation". AP News. Retrieved July 24, 2024.
- ^ Ip, Greg (November 2, 2022). "To Solve Inflation, First Solve Deficits, This Theory Advises". WSJ.
- ^ Schneider, Howard; Slobin, Sarah (June 25, 2024). "The Trump Biden Rematch". Reuters. Retrieved July 26, 2024.
- ^ Chancellor, Edward (April 14, 2023). "A flawed but useful economic model for a bleak age". Reuters.
- ^ Ivanova, Irina (February 10, 2022). "U.S. inflation in January surged at fastest rate in 40 years". CBS News. Archived from the original on March 9, 2022. Retrieved February 12, 2023.
- ^ Arnold, Martin (March 10, 2022). "German inflation hits 40-year high as ECB president warns of 'supply shock'". Financial Times. Archived from the original on July 13, 2022. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
- ^ Smith, Elliot (June 22, 2022). "UK inflation hits new 40-year high of 9.1% as food and energy price surge persists". CNBC. Archived from the original on July 25, 2022. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
- ^ Cole, Wayne (April 27, 2022). "Australian inflation hits 20-yr high, May rate rise seen in play". Reuters. Archived from the original on July 13, 2022. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
- ^ Ayres, Marcella (May 11, 2022). "Brazil's inflation hits highest for April in 26 years, +12.1% in 12 months". Reuters. Archived from the original on July 13, 2022. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
- ^ Smialek, Jeanna (March 2022). "Biden Says Fighting Inflation Is 'Top Priority' as Prices Bite Consumers". The New York Times. Archived from the original on March 9, 2022. Retrieved March 8, 2022.
- ^ "Biden's 'posturing' on Russian oil risks wider conflict: Analysts" Archived March 9, 2022, at the Wayback Machine aljazeera.com. Retrieved 8 March 2022.
- ^ Suleymanova, Radmilla (March 8, 2022). "Biden's 'posturing' on Russian oil risks wider conflict: Analysts". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on March 9, 2022. Retrieved March 8, 2022.
- ^ a b Boak, Josh (March 15, 2024). "Why are so many voters frustrated by the US economy? It's home prices". AP News. Retrieved July 24, 2024.
- ^ O'Donnell, Katy (March 18, 2022). "The main driver of inflation isn't what you think it is". Politico.
But when it comes to the single biggest driver of runaway prices, Washington's hands are mostly tied. Skyrocketing housing costs may create even bigger problems for the administration going forward than oil and food price spikes, which are the result of sudden and unforeseen — but probably temporary — events. That's because there's no clear end in sight for shelter inflation.
- ^ Narea, Nicole (August 14, 2024). "The inflation crisis appears to be over. What happens next?". Vox. Retrieved August 14, 2024.
- ^ Kiernan, Paul; DeBarros, Anthony (July 11, 2024). "Economists Say Inflation Would Be Worse Under Trump Than Biden". The Wall Street Journal.
Conducted July 5–9...of the 50 who answered questions about Trump and Biden 56% said inflation would be higher under another Trump term than a Biden term, versus 16% who said the opposite...Fifty-one percent of economists anticipate larger federal budget deficits under a Trump presidency, compared to 22% under Biden.
- ^ Hager, Eli (November 2, 2024). "Trump Says He'll Fight for Working-Class Americans. His First Presidency Suggests He Won't". ProPublica. Retrieved November 4, 2024.
- ^ Davidson, Kate; Hannon, Paul (July 1, 2021). "U.S. Wins International Backing for Global Minimum Tax". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on July 4, 2021. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ "Executive Order on Tackling the Climate Crisis at Home and Abroad". The White House. January 27, 2021. Archived from the original on March 18, 2023. Retrieved February 5, 2021.
- ^ Sommer, Lauren (January 20, 2021). "Biden Moves Quickly On Climate Change, Reversing Trump Rollbacks". NPR. Archived from the original on February 12, 2021. Retrieved January 20, 2021.
- ^ Volcovici, Valerie; Hunnicutt, Trevor (January 20, 2021). "Biden set to rejoin Paris climate accord, impose curbs on U.S. oil industry Author of the article". Financial Times. Archived from the original on February 5, 2021. Retrieved January 20, 2021.
- ^ "Secretary-General welcomes US return to Paris Agreement on Climate Change". UN News. United Nations. January 20, 2021. Archived from the original on February 2, 2021. Retrieved January 22, 2021.
- ^ Rice, Doyle. "Biden is taking bold action on climate change and the environment: Here's what we know about the Paris Agreement and the Keystone XL". USA Today. Archived from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved January 22, 2021.
- ^ Ferguson, Danielle. "South Dakota tribes applaud cancellation of Keystone XL Pipeline, Thune decries 'bad decision'". Argus Leader. Archived from the original on February 17, 2021. Retrieved January 22, 2021.
- ^ "Biden invites Russia, China to first global climate talks". AP News. March 27, 2021. Archived from the original on March 27, 2021. Retrieved March 30, 2021.
- ^ "Biden-Harris Administration Outlines Historic Progress on Environmental Justice in Report Submitted to Congress". The White House. May 23, 2022. Archived from the original on May 31, 2022. Retrieved May 30, 2022.
- ^ Joselow, Maxine (April 4, 2024). "America's new high-risk, high-reward $20 billion climate push". Washington Post. Archived from the original on April 8, 2024. Retrieved April 7, 2024.
- ^ "EPA head Regan defends $20B green bank: 'I feel really good about this program'". ABC News. April 5, 2024. Archived from the original on April 7, 2024. Retrieved April 7, 2024.
- ^ HULLINGER, JESSICA. "Want to get a job as one of Biden's 20,000 climate workers? Here's what you need to know". Fast Company. Archived from the original on April 7, 2024. Retrieved April 7, 2024.
- ^ Magazine, Undark (July 17, 2024). "Will Burying Biomass Underground Curb Climate Change?". Undark Magazine. Retrieved July 24, 2024.
- ^ Brown, Matthew (January 22, 2021). "Biden halts oil and gas leases, permits on US land and water". Associated Press. Archived from the original on January 23, 2021. Retrieved January 24, 2021.
- ^ Quinn, Melissa (January 28, 2021). "'It's time to act': Biden rolls out new actions on climate change". CBS News. Archived from the original on February 11, 2021. Retrieved January 29, 2021.
- ^ Ebbs, Stephanie; Kolinovsky, Sarah (January 27, 2021). "Biden says tackling climate change will create jobs, bring economic recovery". ABC News. Archived from the original on January 27, 2021. Retrieved January 28, 2021.
- ^ Waldman, Scott. "Five Things in Biden's Climate Day Orders That Flew Under the Radar". Scientific American. Archived from the original on January 29, 2021. Retrieved January 29, 2021.
- ^ Hillbrand, Alex; Doniger, David (January 27, 2021). "Biden Announces Move to Ratify Kigali Amendment on HFCs". NRDC. Archived from the original on January 29, 2021. Retrieved January 29, 2021.
- ^ Quinn, Melissa (March 18, 2021). "21 states sue Biden for revoking Keystone XL pipeline permit". CBS News. Archived from the original on March 18, 2021. Retrieved March 19, 2021.
- ^ Josh Lederman (March 17, 2021). "21 Republican-led states sue Biden over Keystone XL rejection". NBC News. Archived from the original on July 20, 2021. Retrieved May 27, 2024.
- ^ a b Zarrin Ahmed (May 26, 2021). "EPA ends secret science studies rule". UPI. Archived from the original on May 31, 2021. Retrieved May 29, 2021.
- ^ a b Frazin, Rachel (May 26, 2021). "EPA officially nixes Trump 'secret science' rule". The Hill. Archived from the original on May 31, 2021. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ a b Warren Cornwall (January 6, 2021). "Trump's new rule restricting EPA's use of certain science could have short life". Science Magazine. Archived from the original on February 1, 2022. Retrieved June 30, 2022.
- ^ a b Rachel Frazen (February 1, 2021). "Court tosses Trump EPAs Secret Science Rule". The Hill. Archived from the original on May 27, 2021. Retrieved May 29, 2021.
- ^ Federman, Adam (June 2021). "Biden freezes oil leases in Alaska refuge pending new environmental review". Politico. Archived from the original on June 6, 2021. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ Dutton, Jack (November 15, 2021). "Biden Admin Set to Auction Off Over 80 Million Acres to Oil and Gas Drilling Companies". Newsweek. Archived from the original on November 23, 2021. Retrieved November 24, 2021.
- ^ "Companies bid $192 million in 1st Gulf oil sale under Biden". The Columbian. Archived from the original on November 25, 2021. Retrieved June 25, 2021.
- ^ a b c Matthew Daly (November 26, 2021). "Biden sets out oil, gas leasing reform, stops short of ban". Associated Press. Archived from the original on November 28, 2021. Retrieved May 27, 2024.
- ^ "Biden Administration Backs Oil Sands Pipeline Project". The New York Times. July 24, 2021. Archived from the original on December 28, 2021.
- ^ Joshua Partlow & Darryl Fears, Biden proposes 20-year drilling ban around Chaco Culture National Historical Park, a sacred tribal site Archived November 16, 2021, at the Wayback Machine, Washington Post (November 15, 2021).
- ^ Dartunorro Clark, Biden administration approves second major offshore wind project, to provide power to N.Y. Archived November 27, 2021, at the Wayback Machine, NBC News (November 24, 2021).
- ^ Dino Grandoni, Biden administration approves first offshore wind farm to supply power to New York Archived November 25, 2021, at the Wayback Machine, Washington Post (November 24, 2021).
- ^ Jones, Benji (May 7, 2021). "The Biden administration has a game-changing approach to nature conservation". Vox. Archived from the original on March 26, 2024. Retrieved March 26, 2024.
- ^ "Hoyer introduces $9B bill bolstering Biden's deforestation vow at COP26". The Hill. November 3, 2021. Archived from the original on November 6, 2021. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "COP26: World leaders promise to end deforestation by 2030". BBC News. November 2, 2021. Archived from the original on November 12, 2021. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Over 100 global leaders pledge to end deforestation by 2030". Reuters. November 3, 2021. Archived from the original on November 12, 2021. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ Zeno, Sam. "The Biden Administration Has Reached Conservation Records in 2023". Center for American Progress. Archived from the original on January 4, 2024. Retrieved January 2, 2024.
- ^ "Biden reached conservation records in 2023". Center for Western Priorities. December 21, 2023. Archived from the original on January 2, 2024. Retrieved January 2, 2024.
- ^ Aratani, Lauren (December 19, 2023). "Joe Biden plans to ban logging in US old-growth forests in 2025". The Guardian. Archived from the original on May 27, 2024. Retrieved January 2, 2024.
- ^ "Plan for a Government that Works For the People". Joe Biden for President: Official Campaign Website. Archived from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved January 23, 2021.
- ^ "Statement by President Biden on the John R. Lewis Voting Rights Advancement Act". November 3, 2021. Archived from the original on December 27, 2021. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
- ^ "Statement by President Joe Biden on the for the People Act". June 22, 2021. Archived from the original on November 6, 2021. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
- ^ "'Let the majority prevail': Biden backs filibuster change to pass voting rights in Atlanta speech". USA Today. Archived from the original on January 14, 2022. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
- ^ Clare Foran, Ali Zaslav and Ted Barrett (January 19, 2022). "Senate Democrats suffer defeat on voting rights after vote to change rules fails". CNN. Archived from the original on April 9, 2022. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ a b "Biden sounds newly strong alarm: Trumpism menaces democracy". AP NEWS. September 1, 2022. Archived from the original on November 3, 2022. Retrieved September 5, 2022.
- ^ Keith, Tamara (September 1, 2022). "Why Biden is reviving his 'soul of the nation' argument for the midterm elections". NPR. Archived from the original on November 2, 2022. Retrieved November 2, 2022.
- ^ "Biden questions if US midterm elections will be 'legit'". BBC News. January 20, 2022. Archived from the original on January 20, 2022. Retrieved January 20, 2022.
- ^ Gangitano, Alex (January 19, 2022). "Biden says elections might not be legitimate if reform bills aren't passed". The Hill. Archived from the original on January 21, 2022. Retrieved January 20, 2022.
- ^ Cillizza, Chris (January 19, 2022). "Analysis: The 7 most important lines from Joe Biden's news conference". CNN. Archived from the original on January 21, 2022. Retrieved January 20, 2022.
- ^ Riccardi, Nicholas (December 24, 2022). "Congress approves new election rules in Jan. 6 response". AP News. Archived from the original on July 12, 2023. Retrieved December 24, 2022.
- ^ House, The White (May 16, 2022). "President Biden Announces New Actions to Ease the Burden of Housing Costs". The White House. Retrieved August 17, 2024.
- ^ House, The White (March 7, 2024). "FACT SHEET: President Biden Announces Plan to Lower Housing Costs for Working Families". The White House. Retrieved August 17, 2024.
- ^ "New Funds for Housing in the Inflation Reduction Act". guidehouse.com. Retrieved August 17, 2024.
- ^ "Two Years After Signage of President Biden's Inflation Reduction Act, HUD is Creating More Affordable, Energy Efficient and Climate Resilient Homes for Renters". HUD.gov / U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). August 16, 2024. Retrieved August 17, 2024.
- ^ Narea, Nicole (January 20, 2021). "Biden is already rolling back Trump's immigration legacy". Vox. Archived from the original on January 20, 2021. Retrieved January 20, 2021.
- ^ "Reinstating Deferred Enforced Departure for Liberians". The White House. January 20, 2021. Archived from the original on January 21, 2021. Retrieved January 21, 2021.
- ^ Axelrod, Tal (January 21, 2021). "These are the executive orders Biden has signed so far". The Hill. Archived from the original on January 21, 2021. Retrieved January 21, 2021.
- ^ "Biden Immigration Bill Announced Day One of Administration". natlawreview.com. Retrieved October 25, 2024.
- ^ a b Narea, Nicole (January 20, 2021). "Biden's sweeping immigration bill, explained". Vox. Retrieved October 25, 2024.
- ^ a b Hackman, Michelle; Siobhan, Hughes (January 23, 2021). "Biden's Immigration Package Faces Steep Odds on Capitol Hill". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on January 23, 2021. Retrieved January 23, 2021.
- ^ a b Fram, Alan (January 23, 2021). "Democrats start reining in expectations for immigration bill". Associated Press. Archived from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved January 24, 2021.
- ^ a b Spagat, Elliot (January 23, 2021). "Biden bets big on immigration changes in opening move". Associated Press. Archived from the original on January 23, 2021. Retrieved January 24, 2021.
- ^ Bokat-Lindell, Spencer (January 21, 2021). "Can Biden Finally Fix America's Broken Immigration System?". The New York Times. Retrieved October 25, 2024.
- ^ Alvarez, Priscilla; Fox, Lauren (February 18, 2021). "White House announces sweeping immigration bill | CNN Politics". CNN. Retrieved October 25, 2024.
- ^ Shoichet, Catherine E. "Biden wants to remove this controversial word from US laws". CNN. Archived from the original on January 21, 2021. Retrieved January 21, 2021.
- ^ Aliens and Nationality (act 8 USC 1101, Immigration and Nationality). June 30, 1965.
- ^ Priscilla, Alvarez (January 20, 2021). "DHS pauses some deportations for 100 days". CNN. Archived from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved January 25, 2021.
- ^ Priscilla, Alvarez (January 22, 2021). "Texas attorney general sues Biden administration over deportation pause". CNN. Archived from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved January 25, 2021.
- ^ Merchant, Nomaan (January 26, 2021). "Judge bars Biden from enforcing 100-day deportation ban". Associated Press. Archived from the original on January 29, 2021. Retrieved January 29, 2021.
- ^ "Readout of President Joe Biden Call with President Andrés Manuel López Obrador of Mexico". The White House. January 23, 2021. Archived from the original on September 4, 2021. Retrieved January 23, 2021.
- ^ Mark, Stevenson; Gillies, Rob; Madhani, Aamer (January 23, 2021). "Mexican leader says Biden offers $4B for Central America". ABC News. Archived from the original on February 3, 2021. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ Kumar, Anita (April 23, 2021). "The border turned out to be a better attack on Biden than even Republicans thought". Politico. Archived from the original on July 6, 2021. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ Romo, Vanessa (March 11, 2021). "Number Of Unaccompanied Minors Entering U.S. Soared In February". NPR. Archived from the original on March 28, 2021. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ Spagat, Elliot (March 17, 2021). "Explainer: Is the US border with Mexico in crisis?". Associated Press. Archived from the original on April 29, 2021. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ Morin, Rebecca (March 15, 2021). "As Biden faces ongoing surge of migrant children, Republicans criticize White House for border crisis". USA Today. Archived from the original on April 16, 2021. Retrieved March 30, 2021.
- ^ a b c Kanno-Youngs, Zolan; Shear, Michael D. (February 3, 2021). "Trump Loyalists Across Homeland Security Could Vex Biden's Immigration Policies". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on February 13, 2021. Retrieved February 3, 2021.
- ^ Miroff, Nick; Sacchetti, Maria (February 7, 2021). "New Biden rules for ICE point to fewer arrests and deportations, and a more restrained agency". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on February 14, 2021. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ "US grants Venezuelan migrants temporary protected status". BBC News. March 9, 2021. Archived from the original on March 11, 2021. Retrieved March 9, 2021.
- ^ Lahut, Jake (March 25, 2021). "Biden is giving Kamala Harris the thorniest issue to oversee as VP: immigration". Business Insider. Archived from the original on March 27, 2021. Retrieved March 27, 2021.
- ^ Austin Landis, Border crossings decline again in October, with drop in families, children Archived November 17, 2021, at the Wayback Machine, Spectrum News (November 16, 2021).
- ^ Gregorian, Dareh (June 1, 2021). "Biden administration officially ends Trump's 'remain in Mexico' asylum policy". NBC News. Archived from the original on June 7, 2021. Retrieved July 2, 2021.
- ^ "US formally ends Trump's 'Remain in Mexico' asylum policy". Al Jazeera. June 1, 2021. Archived from the original on June 7, 2021. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ Montoya-Galvez, Camilo (August 14, 2021). "Judge orders U.S. to reinstate Trump-era "Remain in Mexico" asylum policy". CBS News. Archived from the original on August 23, 2021. Retrieved August 23, 2021.
- ^ "Supreme Court halts reinstating 'Remain in Mexico' policy". AP News. August 20, 2021. Archived from the original on August 23, 2021. Retrieved August 23, 2021.
- ^ Diaz, Jaclyn (August 25, 2021). "Supreme Court Orders the 'Remain in Mexico' Policy Reinstated for Asylum-Seekers". NPR. Archived from the original on August 29, 2021. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
- ^ "U.S. Supreme Court says Biden administration must comply with ruling to restart "remain in Mexico" program for asylum-seekers". August 25, 2021. Archived from the original on March 22, 2022. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
- ^ "Who Are America's Immigrants?". Population Reference Bureau. May 22, 2024.
- ^ "After a Slump, Legal Immigration to the United States Is Returning to Pre-Pandemic Levels". Migration Policy Institute. November 30, 2022.
- ^ Krogstad, Jeffrey S. Passel and Jens Manuel (July 22, 2024). "What we know about unauthorized immigrants living in the U.S." Pew Research Center. Retrieved July 31, 2024.
- ^ a b c d "Biden to build more US border wall using Trump-era funds". Reuters. October 6, 2023.
- ^ "Biden approves new section of border wall as Mexico crossings rise". BBB News. October 5, 2023.
- ^ "WATCH LIVE: FBI Director Wray, DHS head Mayorkas testify in Senate hearing on threats to U.S." PBS NewsHour. October 31, 2023. Archived from the original on December 11, 2023. Retrieved December 11, 2023.
- ^ "Mayorkas confirms over 600,000 illegal immigrants evaded law enforcement at southern border last fiscal year". Fox News. October 31, 2023. Archived from the original on December 11, 2023. Retrieved December 11, 2023.
- ^ "Biden administration plans to keep refugee cap at 125,000". CNN. September 26, 2023.
- ^ "Biden considers allowing some Palestinians from Gaza to come to the U.S. as refugees". NPR. May 8, 2024.
- ^ "Judge questions Border Patrol stand that it's not required to care for children at migrant camps". AP News. March 29, 2024. Archived from the original on April 22, 2024. Retrieved April 22, 2024.
- ^ Baumgaertner, Emily (April 4, 2024). "Judge Orders Timely Housing for Migrant Children Waiting at Border". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on April 22, 2024. Retrieved April 22, 2024.
- ^ Montoya-Galvez, Camilo (June 4, 2024). "Biden's new immigration order restricts asylum claims along the border. Here's how it works. - CBS News". www.cbsnews.com. Retrieved June 11, 2024.
- ^ Matthews, Alex Leeds (June 8, 2024). "Illegal border crossings would have triggered the new Biden policy years ago | CNN Politics". CNN. Retrieved June 11, 2024.
- ^ Hackman, Michelle. "Exclusive | Biden to Close 'Dilley' Detention Center, Shift Resources Amid Border Crackdown". WSJ. Retrieved June 11, 2024.
- ^ "Southwest Land Border Encounters". U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP). August 6, 2024. Archived from the original on September 6, 2024.
- ^ a b Tsirkin, Julie (January 31, 2024). "The bipartisan border deal would not allow 5,000 illegal crossings per day, despite what Trump says". NBC News.
- ^ Scholtes, Jennifer; Emma, Caitlin (February 5, 2024). "Detention and that border 'shutdown': What's really in Biden's bipartisan immigration deal". POLITICO. Retrieved September 1, 2024.
- ^ Liz Goodwin; Leigh Ann Caldwell (February 4, 2024). "Senate negotiators release sweeping border and military aid bill". The Washington Post.
- ^ Demirjian, Karoun (February 4, 2024). "Senators Release Border Deal to Unlock Ukraine Aid, but Fate Remains Uncertain". The New York Times.
- ^ Manu Raju; Melanie Zanona; Lauren Fox; Ted Barrett (January 25, 2024). "GOP senators seethe as Trump blows up delicate immigration compromise". CNN.
- ^ Tsirkin, Julie (February 5, 2024). "As conservatives balk, U.S. Border Patrol union endorses Senate immigration deal". NBC News.
- ^ Foran, Clare; Barrett, Ted; Manu, Raju; Morgan, Rimmer (February 6, 2024). "Republicans line up to sink Senate border bill negotiated by one of their own". CNN.
- ^ Kane, Paul (February 7, 2024). "Senate Republicans retreating into the same ungovernable chaos as House GOP". The Washington Post.
- ^ Multiple sources:
- "Senate GOP blocks bipartisan border deal and foreign aid package in key vote". CNN. February 7, 2024.
- Kane, Paul (February 7, 2024). "Senate Republicans retreating into the same ungovernable chaos as House GOP". The Washington Post.
- Jacqueline Alemany; Marianna Sotomayor; Leigh Ann Caldwell; Liz Goodwin (January 7, 2024). "GOP leaders face unrest amid chaotic, bungled votes". The Washington Post.
- Baragona, Justin (February 7, 2024). "MAGA Radio Host Says He Threatened GOP Senator Over Border Bill Support". The Daily Beast.
- Liz Goodwin; Leigh Ann Caldwell; Abigail Hauslohner (February 7, 2024). "Senate GOP blocks border deal; future of Ukraine, Israel aid unclear". The Washington Post.
- ^ Goodwin, Liz; Caldwell, Leigh Ann; Hauslohner, Abigail (February 8, 2024). "Senate GOP blocks border deal; future of Ukraine, Israel aid unclear". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved September 5, 2024.
- ^ Chang Beattie, Anita (February 10, 2024). "Trump Threatens To 'Encourage' Attack Of NATO Members Behind On Payments". Barron's.
- ^ O'Loughlin, Michael J. (November 7, 2020). "Joe Biden will be the second Catholic president. Here's what you need to know about his faith". America Magazine. Archived from the original on November 8, 2020. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
- ^ a b Brian Bennett, "Joe Biden's Presidency Highlights Rifts." TIME magazine. March 31, 2021.
- ^ Ruth Graham. "Catholic Bishops Avoid Confrontation With Biden". The NY Times. Nov 17, 2021.
- ^ Tankersley, Jim; Shear, Michael D. (January 23, 2021). "Biden Seeks to Define His Presidency by an Early Emphasis on Equity". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 23, 2021. Retrieved January 23, 2021.
In his first days in office, President Biden has devoted more attention to issues of racial equity than any new president since Lyndon B. Johnson, a focus that has cheered civil rights activists and drawn early criticism from conservatives. In his inauguration speech, the president pledged to defeat 'white supremacy', using a burst of executive orders on Day 1 to declare that 'advancing equity, civil rights, racial justice and equal opportunity is the responsibility of the whole of our government.'
- ^ Miller, Zeke; Baldor, Lolita C. (January 25, 2021). "Biden to drop Trump's military transgender ban". Associated Press. Archived from the original on January 25, 2021. Retrieved January 25, 2021.
- ^ Bennet, Geoff; Edelman, Adam (January 25, 2021). "Biden reverses Trump's transgender military ban". NBC News. Archived from the original on January 25, 2021. Retrieved January 25, 2021.
- ^ Samuels, Brett (January 25, 2021). "Biden administration will look to expedite getting Tubman on $20 bill". The Hill. Archived from the original on January 25, 2021. Retrieved January 25, 2021.
- ^ Rappeport, Alan (January 25, 2021). "Biden's Treasury will seek to put Harriet Tubman on the $20 bill, an effort the Trump administration halted". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 28, 2021. Retrieved January 25, 2021.
- ^ Watkins, Eli (May 22, 2019). "Mnuchin punts again on putting Harriet Tubman on the $20 bill". CNN. Archived from the original on February 5, 2021. Retrieved January 25, 2021.
- ^ Judd, Donald (January 25, 2021). "White House recommits to getting Harriet Tubman on $20 bill after Trump delay". CNN. Archived from the original on January 25, 2021. Retrieved January 25, 2021.
- ^ "Executive Order On Advancing Racial Equity and Support for Underserved Communities Through the Federal Government". WhiteHouse.gov. January 21, 2021. Archived from the original on February 11, 2021. Retrieved April 18, 2021.
- ^ Connelly, Amanda M. (April 6, 2021). "Department of Labor Steps Up Enforcement of Anti-Bias for Government Contractors". The National Law Review. Vol. XI, no. 96. Roetzel & Andress. Archived from the original on April 21, 2021. Retrieved April 21, 2021.
- ^ Beitsch, Rebecca (January 26, 2021). "Biden directs DOJ to phase out use of private prisons". The Hill. Archived from the original on January 28, 2021. Retrieved January 29, 2021.
- ^ Madhani, Aamer (January 26, 2021). "Biden orders Justice Dept. to end use of private prisons". Associated Press. Archived from the original on January 27, 2021. Retrieved January 27, 2021.
- ^ Tankersley, Jim; Karni, Annie (January 26, 2021). "Biden Moves to End Justice Contracts with Private Prisons". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 26, 2021. Retrieved January 27, 2021.
- ^ Morin, Nicholas Wu and Rebecca. "'Our silence is complicity. We can not be complicit': Biden, Harris meet with Asian American advocates after Atlanta killings". USA Today. Archived from the original on March 22, 2021. Retrieved March 23, 2021.
- ^ Karni, Annie; Broadwater, Luke (June 17, 2021). "Biden Signs Law Making Juneteenth a Federal Holiday". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 28, 2021. Retrieved June 19, 2021.
- ^ "Joe Biden signs anti-lynching bill in historic first". BBC News. March 29, 2022. Archived from the original on January 7, 2023. Retrieved January 7, 2023.
- ^ Louis Casiano (October 6, 2022). "Biden pardoning all prior federal offenses of simple marijuana possession". Fox News. Archived from the original on October 7, 2022. Retrieved November 3, 2022.
- ^ Fertig, Natalie (November 16, 2022). "Congress sends first weed bill to Biden". POLITICO. Archived from the original on January 7, 2023. Retrieved January 7, 2023.
- ^ "Republican attorneys general sue federal government over LGBTQ school meal guidance". NBC News. July 27, 2022. Archived from the original on October 31, 2023. Retrieved October 31, 2023.
- ^ Montanaro, Domenico. "Biden signs Respect for Marriage Act, reflecting his and the country's evolution". NPR. Archived from the original on October 4, 2023. Retrieved August 31, 2023.
- ^ Breuninger, Kevin (July 19, 2022). "House passes same-sex marriage protections in response to Roe ruling, with murky Senate path ahead". CNBC. Archived from the original on July 19, 2022. Retrieved August 31, 2023.
- ^ "FACT SHEET: Biden-Harris Administration Releases First-Ever Federal Evidence Agenda on LGBTQI+ Equity | OSTP". The White House. January 24, 2023. Archived from the original on October 31, 2023. Retrieved October 31, 2023.
- ^ Subcommittee on Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Variations in Sex Characteristics (SOGI) Data (January 2023). "FEDERAL EVIDENCE AGENDA ON LGBTQI+ EQUITY" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on November 23, 2023. Retrieved October 31, 2023.
- ^ "FDA eliminates key restriction on abortion pill as Supreme Court weighs case that challenges Roe v. Wade". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Archived from the original on December 16, 2021. Retrieved December 16, 2021.
- ^ a b c d e f "Remarks by President Biden on the Supreme Court Decision to Overturn Roe v. Wade". The White House. June 24, 2022. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved July 3, 2022.
- ^ a b c d e f "President Biden Reacts to Supreme Court Decision Overturning Roe v. Wade | C-SPAN.org". www.c-span.org. Archived from the original on July 3, 2022. Retrieved July 3, 2022.
- ^ Morgan, David; Lawder, David (June 27, 2022). "Democratic women call on Biden, Congress to protect abortion rights". Reuters. Archived from the original on August 30, 2023. Retrieved August 30, 2023.
- ^ Sullivan, Kate (June 28, 2022). "White House press secretary says using federal lands for abortion services would have 'dangerous ramifications' | CNN Politics". CNN. Archived from the original on August 30, 2023. Retrieved August 30, 2023.
- ^ Sprunt, Barbara (June 30, 2022). "Biden says he supports change in Senate filibuster rules for abortion rights". NPR. Archived from the original on July 9, 2022. Retrieved July 4, 2022.
- ^ Balsamo, Micahel (April 17, 2021). "Garland rescinds Trump-era memo curtailing consent decrees". Associated Press. Archived from the original on May 30, 2021. Retrieved July 5, 2021 – via ABC News.
- ^ "The continuing GOP fiction that President Biden supports defunding police". Washington Post. June 29, 2021. ISSN 0190-8286. Archived from the original on July 1, 2021. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ Jacobsen, Louis (April 3, 2024). "No, crime has not 'skyrocketed' under Joe Biden, as Rep. Nancy Mace claimed". PolitiFact.
- ^ Jacobsen, Louis (May 28, 2024). "Joe Biden is correct that violent crime is near a 50-year low". PolitiFact.
- ^ Gabbatt, Adam (March 19, 2024). "FBI data shows US crime plummeted in 2023 but experts warn report is incomplete". The Guardian.
- ^ "Fox News' attempt to manufacture a Biden crime crisis runs into a problem: Violent crime is down". Media Matters. February 29, 2024.
- ^ Narea, Nicole (August 12, 2024). "Violent crime is plummeting. Why?". Vox. Retrieved August 27, 2024.
- ^ Pfaff, John (August 26, 2024). "Crime Is Down. Kamala Is Up". The New Republic. ISSN 0028-6583. Retrieved August 27, 2024.
- ^ Liptak, Kevin; Zeleny, Jeff (March 23, 2021). "Biden pushes House-passed gun reforms in the wake of Colorado mass shooting". CNN. Archived from the original on March 24, 2021. Retrieved March 23, 2021.
- ^ Karni, Annie; Edmondson, Catie (March 23, 2021). "Biden Seeks Assault Weapons Ban and Background Checks". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 28, 2021. Retrieved March 23, 2021.
- ^ Miller, Zeke; Megerian, Chris (May 25, 2022). "Biden says 'we have to act' after Texas school shooting". Associated Press. Archived from the original on May 31, 2022. Retrieved June 1, 2022.
- ^ Nazaryan, Alexander (June 3, 2022). "'Enough!': Biden calls for assault weapons ban". Yahoo! News. Archived from the original on June 6, 2022. Retrieved June 5, 2022.
- ^ Miller, Zeke; Weissert, Will (June 3, 2022). "Biden appeals for tougher gun laws: 'How much more carnage?'". ABC News. Associated Press. Archived from the original on June 6, 2022. Retrieved June 5, 2022.
- ^ "Congress passes first gun control bill in decades". BBC News. June 24, 2022. Archived from the original on January 7, 2023. Retrieved January 7, 2023.
- ^ "Emboldened Biden, Dems push ban on so-called assault weapons". AP NEWS. November 25, 2022. Archived from the original on November 28, 2022. Retrieved November 28, 2022.
- ^ Erwin, Sandra (February 5, 2021). "White House to realign responsibilities for space policy oversight". SpaceNews. Retrieved February 26, 2021.
- ^ a b c d Kristin Fisher (November 5, 2021). "Harris to announce Biden administration's first meeting of the National Space Council". CNN. Archived from the original on November 15, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2021.
- ^ Bryan Bender (March 29, 2021). "SCOOP: Biden to renew National Space Council". Politico. Archived from the original on November 17, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2021.
- ^ Foust, Jeff (February 4, 2021). "White House endorses Artemis program". SpaceNews. Archived from the original on February 8, 2024. Retrieved February 26, 2021.
- ^ a b c Bryan Bender; Jonathan Custodio (October 31, 2021). "'It is a game changer': Waging war on climate change from space". Politico. Archived from the original on November 17, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2021.
- ^ "Senate confirms former Florida Sen. Bill Nelson to lead NASA". Associated Press. April 29, 2021. Archived from the original on November 17, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2021.
- ^ a b "Biden proposes $24.7 billion NASA budget in 2022 to support moon exploration and more". Space.com. April 9, 2021. Archived from the original on April 10, 2021. Retrieved April 10, 2021.
- ^ a b "UNITED STATES SPACE PRIORITIES FRAMEWORK". The White House. December 1, 2021. Archived from the original on September 26, 2023. Retrieved September 16, 2023.
- ^ "Opinion | Joe Biden: My plan to reform the Supreme Court and ensure no president is above the law". Washington Post. July 29, 2024. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved July 29, 2024.
- ^ a b Hoffman, Jason (January 22, 2021). "Biden signs first bill into law as President, granting a waiver to his Defense pick". CNN. Retrieved January 22, 2021.
- ^ "Bill Signing: H.R. 335". The White House. January 22, 2021. Retrieved January 22, 2021.
- ^ Foran, Clare (January 22, 2021). "Senate confirms Lloyd Austin to be first Black defense secretary". CNN. Retrieved January 22, 2021.
- ^ "Watch: Gen. Lloyd Austin's full opening statement in Senate confirmation hearing". WPBS. January 19, 2021.
- ^ Holland, Steve; Stewart, Phil (February 10, 2021). "In Pentagon debut, Biden promises break from Trump-era politicization of military". Reuters. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ "Biden Announces DOD China Task Force". U.S. Department of Defense.
- ^ Gordon, Michael R.; Lubold, Gordon; Youssef, Nancy A. (June 18, 2021). "U.S. Military to Withdraw Hundreds of Troops, Aircraft, Antimissile Batteries From Middle East". The Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ "Biden Secretly Limits Counterterrorism Drone Strikes Away From War Zones". The New York Times. March 3, 2021. Archived from the original on December 28, 2021. Retrieved December 8, 2021.
- ^ Charles Davis (March 4, 2021). "Biden administration curtails drone strikes amid major policy review". Business Insider. Retrieved December 8, 2021.
- ^ Michael Hirsh (July 1, 2021). "Why U.S. Drone Strikes Are at an All-Time Low". Foreign Policy. Retrieved December 8, 2021.
- ^ Ryan Cooper (December 1, 2021). "Biden nearly ended the drone war, and nobody noticed". The Week. Retrieved December 8, 2021.
- ^ "Biden asks Congress for $106 billion for Ukraine, Israel, U.S. border". Axios. October 20, 2023.
- ^ "Biden signs record $886 billion defense bill into law". Axios. December 23, 2023.
- ^ "Biden signs defense policy bill, extending controversial spying program". Politico. December 22, 2023.
- ^ Biden, Joseph R. (January 23, 2020). "Why America Must Lead Again". Foreign Affairs. Retrieved January 29, 2021.
- ^ "Remarks by President Biden on America's Place in the World". The White House. February 4, 2021. Retrieved February 6, 2021.
- ^ Hansler, Jennifer (January 26, 2021). "Antony Blinken sworn in as Biden's secretary of state". CNN. Retrieved January 28, 2021.
- ^ a b c Bernstein, Brittany (January 20, 2021). "Incoming Secretary of State Backs Pompeo's Uyghur Genocide Designation". National Review.
- ^ Mauldin, William; Gordon, Michael R. (January 20, 2021). "Blinken Backs Tough Approach to China, Says Will Work With GOP". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved January 28, 2021.
- ^ a b Mauldin, William (March 19, 2021). "Bitter Alaska Meeting Complicates Already Shaky U.S.-China Ties". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved March 20, 2021.
- ^ "US and China trade angry words at high-level Alaska talks". BBC News. March 19, 2021. Retrieved March 20, 2021.
- ^ Taylor, Adam; Rauhala, Emily (March 19, 2021). "The Biden administration gets a taste of China's 'wolf warrior' diplomacy". Washington Post. Retrieved March 21, 2021.
- ^ Wright, Thomas (March 21, 2021). "The U.S. and China Finally Get Real With Each Other". The Atlantic. Retrieved March 21, 2021.
- ^ Macias, Amanda (April 6, 2021). "U.S. considering joining boycott of 2022 Beijing Olympics, State Department says". CNBC. Retrieved April 6, 2021.
- ^ "Xiaomi Removed from US Blacklist by Biden Administration, Reversing Late China Jab by Donald Trump". News 18. May 12, 2021. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ "Biden expands US investment ban on Chinese firms". BBC News. June 3, 2021. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ "Biden airs hypersonic missile fears as probable ambassador labels China 'untrustworthy'". Deutsche Welle. October 20, 2021.
- ^ Allen-Ebrahimian, Bethany (December 14, 2021). "Jewish groups urge Biden to take action on Uyghur genocide". Axios.
- ^ "Open Letter from the Jewish Community to President Biden on the Uyghur Genocide" (PDF).
- ^ Lee, Matthew (February 4, 2023). "Chinese balloon soars across US; Blinken scraps Beijing trip". Associated Press. Archived from the original on February 5, 2023. Retrieved February 5, 2023.
- ^ "Chinese Spy Balloon Tracked Over U.S. This Week". The Wall Street Journal. February 2, 2023. Archived from the original on February 10, 2023. Retrieved February 10, 2023.
- ^ Brown, Matthew; Pollard, James (February 5, 2023). "Eyes on the sky as Chinese balloon shot down over Atlantic". Associated Press. Archived from the original on February 5, 2023. Retrieved February 5, 2023.
- ^ Hill, Randall; Stewart, Phil; Mason, Jeff (February 4, 2023). "U.S. fighter jet shoots down suspected Chinese spy balloon". Reuters. Archived from the original on February 4, 2023. Retrieved February 5, 2023.
- ^ Rychcik, Savannah (February 3, 2023). "China Issues Statement Following Reports of a Suspected Spy Balloon Over Montana". Independent Journal Review. Archived from the original on February 3, 2023. Retrieved February 5, 2023.
- ^ Hansler, Jennifer; Liptak, Kevin; Herb, Jeremy; Atwood, Kylie; Sciutto, Kylie; Liebermann, Oren (February 3, 2023). "Blinken postpones trip to Beijing after Chinese spy balloon spotted over US, officials say". CNN. Archived from the original on February 4, 2023. Retrieved February 5, 2023.
- ^ Moore, Mark (February 9, 2023). "Biden says China spy balloon won't hurt Xi relations — draws Chinese rebuke". The New York Post.
- ^ Cadell, Cate; Hudson, John; Abutaleb, Yasmeen. "Blinken postpones China trip as suspected spy balloon detected over U.S.". The Washington Post. Retrieved February 5, 2023.
- ^ Reuters. September 19, 2022. "Biden says U.S. forces would defend Taiwan in the event of a Chinese invasion". By David Brunnstrom and Trevor Hunnicutt. [1]
- ^ a b c d Sanger, David (August 15, 2021). "For Biden, Images of Defeat He Wanted to Avoid". The New York Times. Archived from the original on August 16, 2021. Retrieved August 16, 2021.
- ^ Macias, Amanda (April 14, 2021). "'It is time to end America's longest war' — Biden announces U.S. troops to leave Afghanistan by Sept. 11". CNBC. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ Nazaryan, Alexander (April 14, 2021). "Biden breaks with Obama, as well as Trump, on everything from Afghanistan to spending". Yahoo. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ Robertson, Nic (June 24, 2021). "Afghanistan is disintegrating fast as Biden's troop withdrawal continues". CNN.
- ^ "Afghanistan stunned by scale and speed of security forces' collapse". The Guardian. July 13, 2021.
- ^ Khan, Wajahat (July 9, 2021). "Biden defends Afghanistan pullout as Taliban gain ground". Nikkei Asia.
- ^ a b c "Biden defends 'messy' US pullout from Afghanistan". BBC News. August 17, 2021. Retrieved August 17, 2021.
- ^ Prakash, Nidhi (August 16, 2021). "Joe Biden Blamed Afghan Leaders For Giving Up As The Taliban Took Control". Buzzfeed News. Retrieved August 17, 2021.
- ^ a b Watson, Kathryn (August 16, 2021). "Biden says "buck stops with me" and defends Afghanistan withdrawal". CBS News. Retrieved August 17, 2021.
- ^ a b Blake, Aaron (August 16, 2021). "Biden says the 'buck stops with me' — while pinning blame on Trump and many Afghans". The Washington Post. Retrieved August 17, 2021.
- ^ "Explosion outside Kabul airport". BBC. August 25, 2021. Archived from the original on August 26, 2021. Retrieved August 26, 2021.
- ^ "British victims of Kabul terror attack: Foreign Secretary's statement". Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office. August 27, 2021. Archived from the original on August 27, 2021. Retrieved August 27, 2021.
- ^ "Transcript of Biden's Speech After Kabul Airport Attack". The New York Times. August 26, 2021.
- ^ "Israeli PM and Biden postpone meeting because of Afghanistan". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Archived from the original on August 28, 2021. Retrieved August 28, 2021.
- ^ "Pentagon warns of further attacks as Biden condemned over Afghan pullout". The Guardian. August 27, 2021. Retrieved August 28, 2021.
- ^ Allen, Nick (August 27, 2021). "Democrats distance themselves from Joe Biden as anger mounts in wake of Kabul bombings". The Daily Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Archived from the original on January 11, 2022. Retrieved August 28, 2021.
- ^ Allen, Nick (August 26, 2021). "'Impeach Joe Biden': Republican fury grows over Afghanistan debacle". The Daily Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Archived from the original on January 11, 2022. Retrieved August 28, 2021.
- ^ "Taliban blames U.S. as 1 million Afghan kids face death by starvation". CBS News. October 20, 2021.
- ^ Jeff Stein (August 17, 2021). "Biden administration freezes billions of dollars in Afghan reserves, depriving Taliban of cash". Washington Post.
- ^ Naylor, Brian (February 11, 2022). "Biden signs executive order to try to free up frozen Afghan assets for aid". NPR. Retrieved February 11, 2022.
- ^ Baker, Peter; Cooper, Helene; Barnes, Julian; Schmitt, Eric (August 1, 2022). "U.S. Drone Strike Kills Ayman al-Zawahri, Top Qaeda Leader". The New York Times. Archived from the original on August 1, 2022. Retrieved August 1, 2022.
- ^ a b c d e f US-Africa summit: Joe Biden says US is 'all in' on Africa's future, BBC News (December 15, 2022).
- ^ a b c d e Declan Walsh, Biden Courts African Leaders, but Some Are Skeptical of Big Promises, New York Times (December 15, 2022).
- ^ Jeff Mason, Daphne Psaledakis and Andrea Shalal, Biden announces U.S. support for African Union joining G20, Reuters (December 15, 2022).
- ^ a b c d Peter Baker and Declan Walsh, Biden Aims to Inject New Energy Into U.S. Relations With African Nations, New York Times (December 14, 2022).
- ^ Secretary Antony J. Blinken with Beninese President Patrice Talon and Nigerien President Mohamed Bazoum at the Regional Compact Signing, U.S. Department of State (December 14, 2022).
- ^ a b Akayla Gardner, Biden Meets With African Leaders to Encourage Fair Elections, Bloomberg (December 14, 2022).
- ^ "Team Biden Balks on Africa Sanctions". Foreign Policy. October 20, 2022.
- ^ Rogers, Katie; Gall, Carlotta (April 24, 2021). "Breaking With Predecessors, Biden Declares Mass Killings of Armenians a Genocide". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 24, 2021.
- ^ Crawford, Shannon K.; Gittleson, Ben; Winsor, Morgan (July 19, 2022). "Biden signs executive order on Americans held hostage or wrongfully detained abroad". ABC News. Retrieved July 29, 2022.
- ^ a b Guarino, Mark (July 28, 2022). "Americans detained abroad as families plead for Biden to help". ABC News. Retrieved July 29, 2022.
- ^ Breslow, Jason (July 29, 2022). "The families of Americans who are wrongfully detained are very much done being quiet". NPR. Retrieved July 29, 2022.
- ^ Wintour, Patrick; Janjua, Haroon (September 18, 2023). "Five Americans head home in $6bn US-Iran prisoner swap deal". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved August 1, 2024.
- ^ "Five Americans detained in Iran walk free, released in deal for frozen Iranian assets". AP News. September 18, 2023. Retrieved August 1, 2024.
- ^ a b "Inside the deal that led to a blockbuster prisoner swap between U.S., Russia". Washington Post. August 1, 2024. Retrieved August 2, 2024.
The months of complex negotiations, near misses and high-stakes diplomacy that resulted in the largest prisoner exchange since the Cold War and freedom for a Wall Street Journal reporter.
- ^ Powell, Elise Hammond, Tori B. (August 2, 2024). "Americans Gershkovich and Whelan back in US after historic prisoner swap with Russia". CNN. Retrieved August 2, 2024.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Herb, Jeremy (August 1, 2024). "Biden celebrates prisoner deal and importance of allies in key moment for his legacy | CNN Politics". CNN. Retrieved August 2, 2024.
- ^ Lubold, Gordon; Leary, Alex (March 12, 2021). "Biden Meets World Leaders in Quest for More Covid-19 Vaccine". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved March 21, 2021.
- ^ a b Roy, Rajesh (March 20, 2021). "U.S., India Vow to Deepen Defense Ties". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved March 21, 2021.
- ^ King, Noel (March 17, 2021). "Blinken, Austin Work To Revive Asian Alliance To Counter China, North Korea". NPR. Retrieved March 21, 2021.
- ^ "Highlights: Quad will establish peace and prosperity in the world, says PM". www.business-standard.com. September 24, 2021. Retrieved September 25, 2021.
- ^ "FACT SHEET: In Asia, President Biden and a Dozen Indo-Pacific Partners Launch the Indo-Pacific Economic Framework for Prosperity". whitehouse.gov. May 23, 2022. Retrieved May 29, 2022.
- ^ Liptak, Kevin (May 23, 2022). "Biden unveils his economic plan for countering China in Asia". CNN. Retrieved May 29, 2022.
- ^ "Biden unveils Indo-Pacific framework countering China during Japan visit". France 24. May 23, 2022. Retrieved May 29, 2022.
- ^ Rogers, Alex; Sevastopulo, Demetri (November 15, 2023). "Joe Biden halts plan for Indo-Pacific trade deal after opposition from Democrats". Financial Times. Retrieved November 15, 2023.
- ^ Bade, Gavin (November 14, 2023). "How Sherrod Brown rattled Biden's summit agenda". Politico. Retrieved July 7, 2024.
- ^ "Pacific leaders to meet Joe Biden in Washington". RNZ. August 8, 2022. Retrieved August 11, 2022.
- ^ Hunnicutt, Trevor; Shin, Hyonhee (August 18, 2023). "Major takeaways from US, Japan, South Korea summit". Reuters. Retrieved August 18, 2023.
- ^ "Russia Urges Biden to Be 'More Constructive' Over Arms Treaty". The Moscow Times. January 20, 2021.
- ^ "Renewed US-Russia nuke pact won't fix emerging arms threats". Associated Press. January 27, 2021. Retrieved January 28, 2021.
- ^ Larger, Thibault; Leonard, Ben (January 23, 2021). "U.S. condemns Russia's arrests of Navalny protesters". Politico. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ Chalfant, Morgan (February 4, 2021). "Biden condemns jailing of Navalny in Russia". The Hill. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ "Russian opposition leader Navalny back in court as Biden ups pressure on Moscow". Reuters. February 5, 2021. Retrieved July 5, 2021 – via NBC News.
- ^ a b Jennifer Hansler (March 2, 2021). "Biden administration unveils raft of sanctions on Russia over Navalny poisoning and imprisonment". CNN. Retrieved March 4, 2021.
- ^ a b Nakashim, Ellen (February 23, 2021). "Biden administration preparing to sanction Russia for SolarWinds hacks and the poisoning of an opposition leader". The Washington Post. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ De Luce, Dan; Lee, Carol E.; Mitchell, Andrea; Williams, Abigail (March 2, 2021). "U.S., E.U. impose sanctions on Russia over Navalny's poisoning". NBC News. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ Seligman, Lara (March 1, 2021). "Duckworth urges Biden admin to release intel on Russian bounties". Politico. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ "Remember those Russian bounties for dead U.S. troops? Biden admin says the CIA intel is not conclusive". NBC News. April 15, 2021.
- ^ "Intel officials have "low to moderate" confidence in reports of Russian bounties on U.S. troops". Axios. April 15, 2021.
- ^ "Joe Biden brands Putin a 'killer', says he will pay for poll meddling". The Times of India. March 18, 2021. Retrieved March 18, 2021.
- ^ a b "Nord Stream 2: Biden waives US sanctions on Russian pipeline". BBC News. May 20, 2021. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ "Biden and Putin conclude high-stakes diplomacy at Geneva summit". CNBC. June 16, 2021. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ Isachenkov, Vladimir (June 17, 2021). "Putin praises summit result, calls Biden a tough negotiator". Associated Press.
- ^ Nicole Gaouette and Zahra Ullah (June 17, 2021). "Putin praises Biden, calling him a 'professional' following Geneva summit". CNN.
- ^ "Russia will act if Nato countries cross Ukraine 'red lines', Putin says". The Guardian. November 30, 2021.
- ^ "NATO Pushes Back Against Russian President Putin's 'Red Lines' Over Ukraine". The Drive. December 1, 2021.
- ^ "Putin Demands NATO Guarantees Not to Expand Eastward". U.S. News & World Report. December 1, 2021.
- ^ "US will help to end Ukraine conflict with Russia, Biden tells Kyiv". Euronews. December 10, 2021.
- ^ "Is Russia preparing to invade Ukraine? And other questions". BBC News. December 10, 2021.
- ^ Gambino, Lauren (February 24, 2022). "'Putin chose this war,' Biden says as he announces new sanctions – US politics as it happened". The Guardian. Retrieved March 1, 2022.
- ^ Cathey, Libby (February 25, 2022). "Biden to order personal sanctions on Putin as Russian forces close in on Kyiv". ABC News. Retrieved March 1, 2022.
- ^ Macias, Amanda (February 28, 2022). "Biden administration expands sanctions against Russia, cutting off U.S. transactions with central bank". CNBC. Retrieved March 1, 2022.
- ^ "'I make no apologies': Biden stands by 'Putin cannot remain in power' remark." The Guardian. Lauren Gambino. March 28, 2022. [2]
- ^ Pager, Tyler (April 12, 2022). "Biden calls Russia's war in Ukraine a 'genocide'". The Washington Post. Retrieved April 17, 2022.
- ^ "Russia's nuclear threats 'show desperation': Biden". The News International. Agence France-Presse. April 29, 2022.
- ^ "War in Ukraine: U.S. dramatically upgrades its aid package to Kyiv". Le Monde. April 29, 2022.
- ^ "House approves $40B in Ukraine aid, beefing up Biden request". Associated Press. May 11, 2022.
- ^ "Biden is furious about the leaks saying US intelligence helped Ukraine kill Russian generals and sink its warship, report says". Business Insider. May 10, 2022.
- ^ "Did US intelligence-sharing with Ukraine cross a line?". Deutsche Welle. May 14, 2022.
- ^ "U.S. looks to assist war crimes prosecutions targeting Russian leaders". The Washington Post. April 25, 2022.
- ^ Orentlicher, Diane (May 10, 2022). "The case for a Putin war crimes trial". NBC News.
- ^ "The White House told Russians to flee here instead of fighting Ukraine. Then the U.S. tried to deport them". Los Angeles Times. August 17, 2023.
- ^ "Biden administration quietly resumes deportations to Russia". The Guardian. March 18, 2023.
- ^ "Exclusive: Putin's suggestion of Ukraine ceasefire rejected by United States, sources say". Reuters. February 13, 2024.
- ^ "US rejects Putin's proposal to cease fire after meeting of mediators – Reuters". Ukrainska Pravda. February 13, 2024.
- ^ "Biden secretly gave Ukraine permission to strike inside Russia with US weapons". Politico. May 30, 2024.
- ^ Muir, David (June 6, 2024). "Exclusive: Pres. Joe Biden tells David Muir US weapons will not be used to strike Moscow, Kremlin". ABC News. YouTube.
- ^ Trevelyan, Mark (August 9, 2024). "Russia reinforces Kursk region as video shows evidence of Ukrainian attack". Reuters.
- ^ "Russia sends reinforcements to retake Kursk". The Telegraph. August 9, 2024.
- ^ Crowley, Michael (February 11, 2022). "Puzzle in Ukraine Crisis: Where's the U.S. Ambassador?". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 13, 2022.
- ^ a b Dickstein, Corey (October 28, 2022). "US sends more military aid to Ukraine that includes ammunition, mines and satellite antennas". Stars and Stripes.
- ^ Krever, Mick; Liptak, Kevin; Vazquez, Maegan; Fossum, Sam (November 7, 2022). "New advanced air defenses systems have arrived in Ukraine". CNN. Kyiv and Washington.
The White House in October said it would expedite the delivery of two [National Advanced Surface to Air Missile] Systems.
- ^ Tritten, Travis (November 16, 2022). "Ukraine Has the Edge Against Russia as Winter Descends, US Defense Secretary Says". Yahoo! News. Military.com.
- ^ Pentagon gives update after missile hits Poland. CNN. November 16, 2022.
4 hour Ukraine Defense Contact Group, 7th meeting, with 50 nations 47:21
- ^ Austin III, Lloyd J.; Milley, Mark A. (November 16, 2022). Transcript: Secretary of Defense Lloyd J. Austin III and Army General Mark A. Milley, Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff, Hold a Press Briefing Following Ukrainian Defense Contact Group Meeting (Speech). United States Department of Defense.
- ^ "'This is a part of history': Kyiv citizens delighted by Joe Biden's surprise visit". The Guardian. February 20, 2023. Retrieved February 20, 2023.
- ^ Child, David. "Putin's war plans 'plain wrong', Biden says in Ukraine". www.aljazeera.com. Archived from the original on February 20, 2023. Retrieved February 20, 2023.
- ^ "U.S. alerted Russia to Biden's Ukraine visit for "deconfliction purposes," White House says". CBS News. February 20, 2023. Archived from the original on February 20, 2023. Retrieved February 20, 2023.
- ^ "The White House is asking for almost $106 billion for Israel, Ukraine and the border". NPR. October 26, 2023.
- ^ Macias, Amanda (February 19, 2021). "'An attack on one is an attack on all' – Biden backs NATO military alliance in sharp contrast to Trump". CNBC. Retrieved March 3, 2021.
- ^ Conradis, Brandon (February 19, 2021). "Biden warns European allies that 'democratic progress is under assault'". The Hill. Retrieved March 3, 2021.
- ^ "France recalls ambassadors to US, Australia over submarine deal". www.msn.com.
- ^ "Explainer: Why is a submarine deal sparking a diplomatic crisis?". www.aljazeera.com.
- ^ "Aukus: UK, US and Australia launch pact to counter China". BBC News. September 16, 2021.
- ^ "Macron, Biden agree to soothe tensions after submarine row". France 24. September 22, 2021.
- ^ Vazquez, Maegan (October 29, 2021). "Biden tells French President the US was 'clumsy' in handling nuclear submarine deal". CNN. Retrieved November 5, 2021.
- ^ "A new arms race in Europe? US long-range weapons in Germany". Deutsche Welle. July 13, 2024.
- ^ a b c "Putin warns US against deploying long-range missiles in Germany". The Guardian. July 28, 2024.
- ^ "Russia says US missiles in Germany signal return of Cold War". Al Jazeera. July 11, 2024.
- ^ "Germany split on US stationing long-range cruise missiles". Deutsche Welle. July 11, 2024.
- ^ "Thanks to Putin, the U.S. will again place long-range missiles in Germany". The Hill. July 12, 2024.
- ^ "UN chief 'deeply concerned' by US decision to exit Iran nuclear deal". UN News. May 8, 2018. Archived from the original on May 8, 2018. Retrieved May 8, 2018.
- ^ Chohan, Kubra; Arik, Burcu (May 9, 2018). "World reacts to US withdrawal from Iran nuclear deal". The Peninsula. Ankara, Turkey. Archived from the original on May 9, 2018. Retrieved May 17, 2018.
- ^ Lee, Matthew (February 23, 2021). "Biden attempt to resurrect Iran nuke deal off to bumpy start". Associated Press.
- ^ "Backing 'every' option against Iran, Blinken appears to nod at military action". The Times of Israel. October 14, 2021.
- ^ "Blinken Declines to Rule Out Military Option Should Iran Nuclear Talks Fail". Haaretz. October 31, 2021.
- ^ De Luce, Dan; Gains, Mosheh; Gubash, Charlene; Welker, Kristen (February 26, 2021). "Biden orders strikes in Syria, retaliating against Iran-backed groups". NBC News.
- ^ Wise, Alana (February 26, 2021). "Syria Airstrikes Resurface Lawmakers' Questions Over Presidential Authority". NPR.
- ^ Chambers, Maureen Groppe and Francesca. "Tensions over Iran nuclear deal disrupt Biden's kumbaya moment in Israel". USA Today. Retrieved July 18, 2022.
- ^ Hansler, Jennifer (February 3, 2021). "Biden administration designates Myanmar military takeover as a coup". CNN. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ Pamuk, Humeyra; Alper, Alexandra (March 5, 2021). "U.S. blocks Myanmar ministries, military businesses from certain trade". Reuters. Retrieved March 5, 2021.
- ^ Gaoutte, Nicole (March 22, 2021). "US and allies sanction Myanmar's military for violent repression of protesters". CNN. Retrieved March 23, 2021.
- ^ Lynch, Suzanne; McClements, Freya; Clark, Vivienne (March 4, 2021). "Biden 'unequivocal' about Belfast Agreement support as Dublin and London row over NI protocol". The Irish Times. Retrieved March 7, 2021.
- ^ "Jeddah Security and Development Summit/ HRH Crown Prince receives President of United States of America The official Saudi Press Agency". Spa.gov.sa. July 15, 2022. Retrieved July 19, 2022.
- ^ "Biden administration halts arms sales to UAE and Saudi Arabia". Deutsche Welle. January 28, 2021. Retrieved January 30, 2021.
- ^ Kirchgaessner, Stephanie (January 19, 2021). "Biden administration 'to declassify report' into Khashoggi murder". The Guardian. Washington, D.C. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
- ^ Knickmeyer, Ellen (February 5, 2021). "Biden ending US support for Saudi-led offensive in Yemen". Associated Press. Retrieved February 5, 2021.
- ^ Emmons, Alex (April 7, 2021). "Months After Biden Promised to End Support for Yemen War, Congress Still Has No Details". Intercept. Retrieved April 8, 2021.
- ^ "Top White House aide discussed oil prices with Saudi Arabia". Reuters. October 1, 2021.
- ^ "Energy crunch: How high will oil prices climb?". Al-Jazeera. September 27, 2021.
- ^ "OPEC-Plus in Driver's Seat As Global Energy Crisis Intensifies". Natural Gas Intelligence. October 6, 2021.
- ^ Knickmeyer, Ellen; Bussewitz, Cathy (March 10, 2022). "Pariahs no more? US reaches out to oil states as prices rise". Associated Press.
- ^ "Mohammed bin Salman Has Leverage on Biden—and Is Using It". Foreign Policy. March 24, 2022.
- ^ Lonas, Lexi (March 8, 2022). "Saudi, UAE leaders declined calls with Biden amid Ukraine conflict: report". The Hill.
- ^ "White House stops asking Saudi Arabia to pump more oil to offset Biden's Russian-energy ban, report says, as US-Gulf relations hit new low". Business Insider. April 20, 2022.
- ^ "Candidate Biden Called Saudi Arabia a 'Pariah.' He Now Has to Deal With It". The New York Times. Retrieved February 24, 2021.
- ^ a b c "Biden to visit Saudi Arabia on July trip to Middle East, White House confirms". France 24. June 15, 2022. Retrieved June 15, 2022.
- ^ "White House says Biden's meeting with Saudi officials next month will 'include' crown prince". CNN. June 19, 2022. Retrieved June 19, 2022.
- ^ "US inflation at new 40-year high as price increases spread". Associated Press. June 10, 2022. Retrieved June 10, 2022.
- ^ a b "Saudi dissidents call Biden's planned visit to kingdom a betrayal". The Washington Post. Retrieved June 3, 2022.
- ^ Krauss, Clifford (June 5, 2022). "Biden Has 'Only Bad Options' for Bringing Down Oil Prices". The New York Times. Retrieved June 5, 2022.
- ^ "Biden Saudi visit is 'presidential pardon for murder', says ex-spy chief's son". The Guardian. June 16, 2022. Retrieved June 16, 2022.
- ^ Mohammed, Arshad (June 5, 2022). "Biden should not visit Saudi, meet crown prince, Democratic Rep. Schiff says". Reuters. Retrieved June 5, 2022.
- ^ "Biden defends decision to visit Saudi, says rights are on agenda". NBC News. July 10, 2022. Retrieved July 15, 2022.
- ^ "Opinion | Joe Biden: Why I'm going to Saudi Arabia". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved July 15, 2022.
- ^ Spetalnick, Matt; Yaakoubi, Aziz El; Stone, Mike (July 11, 2022). "Exclusive: U.S. weighs resumption of offensive arms sales to Saudis, sources say". Reuters. Retrieved July 12, 2022.
- ^ "Biden Says Saudi Arabia Commits to Extending Yemen Truce". Bloomberg.com. July 15, 2022. Retrieved July 15, 2022.
- ^ Stone, Mike (August 2, 2022). "U.S. to resupply Saudi and UAE missile defense systems". Reuters. Retrieved August 2, 2022.
- ^ "UAE And Saudi Arabia Seek More U.S. Interceptor Missiles Amid Talk Of Middle East Air Defense Alliance". Forbes. Retrieved August 4, 2022.
- ^ "Biden Should Not Renew Arms Sales to Saudi Arabia". Human Rights Watch. July 14, 2022. Retrieved July 14, 2022.
- ^ Lafraniere, Sharon; Rashbaum, William K. (July 20, 2021). "Thomas Barrack, Trump Fund-Raiser, Is Indicted on Lobbying Charge". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 28, 2021. Retrieved July 20, 2021.
- ^ Schecter, Anna; Blankstein, Andrew (November 5, 2022). "Trump friend sought millions in UAE investments while lobbying for UAE". NBC News.
- ^ Vandevelde, Mark (November 4, 2022). "Trump ally Tom Barrack acquitted on charges of acting as a foreign agent". Financial Times.
- ^ "California CEO and Seven Others Charged in Multi-Million Dollar Conduit Campaign Contribution Case". The US Department of Justice. December 3, 2019. Retrieved December 3, 2019.
- ^ "'Who Are They Paying Secretly Now?': Signs Of UAE Meddling In U.S. Politics Go Ignored". HuffPost. August 10, 2021. Retrieved August 10, 2021.
- ^ "Joe Biden Is Proceeding With Donald Trump's Biggest Arms Deal". HuffPost. April 13, 2021. Retrieved April 14, 2021.
- ^ "UAE Royals Said to Direct Tom Barrack's Influence Campaign". Bloomberg.com. September 28, 2021. Retrieved September 28, 2021.
- ^ "U.S. lawmakers urge Biden to press UAE on Sudan conflict". Sudan Tribunal. September 22, 2024. Retrieved September 29, 2024.
- ^ "Congress of the United States" (PDF). September 17, 2024. Retrieved October 3, 2024.
- ^ Kanno-Youngs, Zolan; Naar, Ismaeel (September 23, 2024). "Biden and Harris Meet With Emirati President in Washington". Archived from the original on October 1, 2024. Retrieved October 3, 2024.
- ^ "White House confirms Biden will keep embassy in Jerusalem". Roll Call. February 9, 2021.
- ^ Ravid, Barak (March 10, 2021). "Israel pushes White House ceremony to seal Sudan normalization deal". Axios.
- ^ Knickmeyer, Ellen; Batrawy, Aya; Kellman, Laurie. "Biden administration laying groundwork for push to expand Abraham Accords". The Times of Israel.
- ^ Gosh Bobby (May 13, 2021). "Biden's Response to the Israeli Crisis Is Late and Lame". Bloomberg (Opinion). Retrieved 13 May 2021.
- ^ "Israel-Hamas Cease-Fire Holds Despite Jerusalem Clashes" The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 21 May 2021.
- ^ Alemany, Jacqueline (May 17, 2021). "Power Up: Biden administration approves $735 million weapons sale to Israel, raising red flags for some House Democrats". The Washington Post. Retrieved 21 May 2021.
- ^ "'We stand with Israel': Biden vows U.S. support in face of 'pure, unadulterated evil'". Yahoo News. October 10, 2023. Retrieved October 18, 2023.
- ^ Gray, Shardaa (October 17, 2023). "Plainfield landlord charged with hate crime in killing of 6-year-old Palestinian boy, stabbing of mom". MSN.
- ^ O'Kane, Caitlin. "Biden condemns murder of 6-year-old Muslim boy". MSN.
- ^ President Biden and the First Lady Deliver Remarks at the 2023 Human Rights Campaign National Dinner, October 14, 2023, retrieved October 18, 2023
- ^ Sainato, Michael (October 15, 2023). "Biden interrupted by pro-Palestine activist at human rights dinner". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved October 18, 2023.
- ^ Watson, Kathryn. "Biden's trip to Jordan to meet with Arab leaders canceled". CBS News.
- ^ "Summit with Arab leaders in Jordan called off as President Biden heads to Israel". PBS NewsHour. October 17, 2023. Retrieved October 18, 2023.
- ^ "Jeremy Bowen: Joe Biden's search for a Middle East solution just got harder". BBC News. October 18, 2023. Retrieved October 18, 2023.
- ^ "MSN". www.msn.com. Retrieved October 18, 2023.
- ^ Macias, Amanda (October 18, 2023). "Biden to seek 'unprecedented' Israel aid package; pledges $100 million for humanitarian relief". CNBC.
- ^ "U.S. Intelligence Shows Gaza Militants Behind Hospital Blast". MSN. October 18, 2023.
- ^ "Biden promises to request 'unprecedented support package for Israel's defense' from Congress". MSN. October 18, 2023.
- ^ Shear, Michael D.; Demirjian, Karoun (October 20, 2023). "Biden Requests $105 Billion Aid Package for Israel, Ukraine and Other Crises". The New York Times.
- ^ "US House passes $14.5bn military aid package for Israel". Al Jazeera. November 3, 2023.
- ^ Garrity, Kelly (October 18, 2023). "Biden announces $100 million in humanitarian aid to Gaza and West Bank". Politico.
- ^ "Heckler pushes Israel-Hamas ceasefire, Biden says: 'we need a pause'". Reuters. November 2, 2023.
- ^ Phillips, Aleks (November 2, 2023). "Who Is Jessica Rosenberg? Rabbi Who Heckled Joe Biden". MSN.
- ^ "Biden gets four-hour battle pauses from Israel after pushing for three-day stoppages". Reuters. November 9, 2023.
- ^ "Inside Joe Biden's 'excruciating' effort to secure Israeli hostage release". www.ft.com. Retrieved November 22, 2023.
- ^ "Israel–Hamas war: The hostage deal and ceasefire explained". Reuters. November 22, 2023. Retrieved November 22, 2023.
- ^ Goldenberg, Tia (November 22, 2023). "Israel and Hamas have reached a deal on a cease-fire and hostages. What does it look like?". AP.
- ^ Turak, Natasha (December 7, 2023). "Biden's support of Israel leaves him as isolated as Russia on the world stage, analyst says". CNBC. Retrieved December 11, 2023.
- ^ a b "Biden disparages Netanyahu in private but hasn't significantly changed U.S. policy toward Israel and Gaza". NBC News. February 12, 2024. Retrieved February 12, 2024.
- ^ Berman, Lazer (February 14, 2024). "Biden reportedly fed up with Netanyahu, calling him 'asshole' over management of war". The Times of Israel.
- ^ "Biden administration sidesteps Congress again for emergency arms sale to Israel". www.nbcnews.com. December 30, 2023. Retrieved February 11, 2024.
- ^ "Democrats Demand Blinken Explain Unapproved Arms Transfers to Israel". www.commondreams.org. January 30, 2024. Retrieved February 11, 2024.
- ^ "Biden warns Israel not to attack Rafah without plan to protect civilians". abcnews.go.com. February 16, 2024. Retrieved February 17, 2024.
- ^ "U.S. Plans to Send Weapons to Israel Amid Biden Push for Cease-Fire Deal". www.wsj.com. February 16, 2024. Archived from the original on February 17, 2024. Retrieved February 17, 2024.
- ^ "WATCH: U.S. casts lone veto against UN resolution calling for immediate cease-fire in Gaza". www.pbs.org. February 20, 2024. Retrieved February 22, 2022.
- ^ Ewing, Giselle Ruhiyyih (March 2, 2024). "Gaza airdrop has begun, Biden says, but more needed". Politico. Retrieved March 7, 2024.
- ^ "US military aircraft airdrop thousands of meals into Gaza in emergency humanitarian aid operation". AP News. March 2, 2024. Retrieved March 7, 2024.
- ^ "Airdropping aid is inefficient — so why is the U.S. doing it in Gaza anyway?". NPR. March 6, 2024.
- ^ Harb, Ali. "Biden's legacy is Gaza genocide, Palestinian rights advocates say". Al Jazeera. Retrieved August 3, 2024.
- ^ "US resumes sending shipments of 500-pound bombs to Israel". Al Jazeera. July 11, 2024.
- ^ "Exploding pagers belonging to Hezbollah kill 8 and injure more than 2,700 in Lebanon". NBC News. September 17, 2024. Retrieved September 17, 2024.
- ^ Ravid, Barak (September 17, 2024). "Israel didn't tell U.S. in advance about Hezbollah pager attack, officials said". Axios. Retrieved September 18, 2024.
- ^ a b Eglash, Ruth (July 21, 2022). "'People love Joe Biden here,' Nides says of the president's reception in Israel". Jewish Insider. Retrieved July 25, 2022.
- ^ Amr, Hady (September 7, 2018). "In one move, Trump eliminated US funding for UNRWA and the US role as Mideast peacemaker". Brookings. Retrieved July 25, 2022.
- ^ Alper, Alexandra; Shalal, Andrea (February 5, 2021). "Biden calls for expanded efforts to protect LGBTQ rights globally". Reuters. Retrieved February 21, 2021.
- ^ "On Intersex Awareness Day". United States Department of State. Retrieved October 31, 2023.
- ^ "US to remove Uganda and three other African countries from Agoa trade deal". Yahoo News. October 31, 2023. Retrieved October 31, 2023.
- ^ "Uganda Anti-Homosexuality bill: Life in prison for saying you're gay". BBC News. March 21, 2023. Retrieved October 31, 2023.
- ^ "Uganda passes a law making it a crime to identify as LGBTQ". Reuters. March 22, 2023. Retrieved October 31, 2023.
- ^ a b Liptak, Kevin (January 16, 2023). "What we know about the Biden classified documents: A timeline of events". CNN.
- ^ a b Shpigel, Ben (January 12, 2023). "Timeline of the Biden Documents Case: What We Know So Far". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 14, 2023. Retrieved January 14, 2023.
- ^ a b Chowdhury, Maureen; Hammond, Elise; Meyer, Matt; Sangal, Aditi (January 12, 2023). "Garland lays out timeline of investigation into Biden classified documents so far". CNN. Archived from the original on January 13, 2023. Retrieved January 12, 2023.
- ^ Lynch, Sarah N.; Renshaw, Jarrett (January 12, 2023). "Special counsel named to probe Biden's handling of documents". Reuters. Archived from the original on January 12, 2023. Retrieved January 12, 2023.
- ^ "Live updates: Garland makes statement on Biden classified documents". CNN. January 12, 2023. Archived from the original on January 12, 2023. Retrieved January 12, 2023.
- ^ "Garland Appoints Special Counsel to Handle Biden Documents Inquiry". The New York Times. January 12, 2023. Archived from the original on January 12, 2023. Retrieved January 12, 2023.
- ^ "Biden won't be charged in classified docs case; special counsel cites instances of 'poor memory'". NBC News. February 9, 2024. Retrieved February 29, 2024.
- ^ Thomas, Pierre; Mallin, Alexander; Bruggeman, Lucien; Faulders, Katherine. "Special counsel won't charge Biden in classified docs probe, despite evidence he 'willfully retained' materials". ABC News. Retrieved February 29, 2024.
- ^ Zanona, Melania; Tablot, Haley; Fox, Lauren; Grayer, Annie (September 12, 2023). "McCarthy calls for formal impeachment inquiry into Biden amid pressure from conservatives". CNN. Retrieved September 12, 2023.
- ^ Cortellessa, Eric (September 8, 2023). "McCarthy Lacks the Votes For an Impeachment Inquiry. Trump's Allies Have a Plan to Get Them". Time.
- ^ Griffing, Alex (September 12, 2023). "'He Doesn't Have Enough Votes': CNN's Manu Raju Explains Why McCarthy Backtracked on Impeachment Vote". Mediaite.
- ^ Mascaro, Lisa; Farnoush, Amiri (September 12, 2023). "Speaker McCarthy directs the House to open an impeachment inquiry into President Biden". Associated Press News. Retrieved September 12, 2023.
- ^ Broadwater, Luke (May 10, 2023). "House Republican Report Finds No Evidence of Wrongdoing by President Biden". The New York Times.
- ^ Demirjian, Karoun (July 4, 2023). "Republicans Are Divided on Impeaching Biden as Panel Begins New Inquiry". The New York Times.
- ^ Perry Stein; Devlin Barrett; Matt Viser (August 17, 2023). "How a fight over immunity unraveled Hunter Biden's plea deal". The Washington Post.
- ^ Otten, Tori (September 12, 2023). "McCarthy Plans Biden Impeachment Inquiry—With No Evidence and Not Enough Votes". The New Republic.
- ^ Zanona, Annie Grayer, Melanie (April 24, 2024). "How the House GOP's Biden impeachment effort fell apart | CNN Politics". CNN. Retrieved August 2, 2024.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Paz, Christian (November 26, 2022). "The key swing group that stopped a Democratic disaster". Vox. Retrieved November 28, 2022.
- ^ "What we know (and don't know) about how abortion affected the midterms". NPR. Retrieved November 28, 2022.
- ^ Enten, Harry (November 13, 2022). "How Joe Biden and the Democratic Party defied midterm history | CNN Politics". CNN. Retrieved November 28, 2022.
- ^ Narea, Nicole (November 27, 2022). "The guy who got the midterms right explains what the media got wrong". Vox. Retrieved November 28, 2022.
- ^ Hart, Benjamin (November 17, 2022). "The Pollster Who Predicted a Red Wave Explains Himself". Intelligencer. Retrieved November 28, 2022.
- ^ Rakich, Nathaniel (March 10, 2023). "The Polls Were Historically Accurate In 2022". FiveThirtyEight. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
- ^ "'You did it!': Biden basks in midterms afterglow after beating expectations". The Guardian. November 20, 2022. Retrieved November 28, 2022.
- ^ Baker, Peter (November 9, 2022). "Biden Celebrates Beating the Odds, but He Faces a New Challenge". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved November 28, 2022.
- ^ Baker, Peter (November 13, 2022). "An Emboldened Biden Now Faces a Tough Choice About His Own Future". The New York Times. Retrieved December 9, 2022.
- ^ Miller, Zeke (April 25, 2023). "Biden announces 2024 reelection bid: 'Let's finish this job'". AP News. Retrieved April 25, 2023.
- ^ Fowler, Stephen (March 12, 2024). "Trump and Biden clinch 2024 presidential nominations". NPR. Retrieved July 23, 2024.
- ^ Baker, Peter (July 21, 2024). "Biden Drops Out of Race, Scrambling the Campaign for the White House". New York Times. Retrieved July 21, 2024.
- ^ "'We must stand together': Biden calls on Americans to stop viewing their political opponents as enemies". NBC News. July 15, 2024. Retrieved July 15, 2024.
President Joe Biden called on Americans to "lower the temperature" of political rhetoric in an address from the Oval Office on Sunday night, asking for more respectful discourse and civility in the wake of the assassination attempt on former President Donald Trump.
- ^ Lemire, Jonathan; Stokols, Eli (August 20, 2024). "Biden got the lovefest he wanted. He just had to drop out first". Politico. Retrieved August 20, 2024.
- ^ Shear, Michael (August 19, 2024). "Biden Defends His Record and Endorses Harris: 'America, I Gave My Best to You'". New York Times. Retrieved August 20, 2024.
- ^ Bose, Nandita; Renshaw, Jarrett; Borter, Gabriella (November 6, 2024). "After Harris' loss, angry Democrats blame her boss, Biden". Reuters. Retrieved November 6, 2024.
- ^ Enten, Harry (February 21, 2021). "Analysis: Biden's polling is steadier than Trump's". CNN. Retrieved February 25, 2021.
- ^ "Biden Begins Term With 57% Job Approval". Gallup.com. February 4, 2021. Retrieved February 25, 2021.
- ^ Politi, Daniel (April 25, 2021). "Biden's 100-Day Approval Rating Is Better Than Trump's, but Third-Worst Since Truman". Slate Magazine. Retrieved April 25, 2021.
- ^ Bowden, John (April 25, 2021). "Biden approval rating stands at 52 percent after almost 100 days in office". The Hill. Retrieved April 25, 2021.
- ^ Skelley, Geoffrey (August 27, 2021). "Biden's Declining Approval Rating Is Not Just About Afghanistan". FiveThirtyEight. Retrieved August 28, 2021.
- ^ Silver, Nate (January 28, 2021). "How Popular Is Joe Biden?". FiveThirtyEight. Retrieved September 6, 2021.
- ^ Miller, Zeke (November 27, 2021). "Biden's White House blames COVID-19 as approval drops, inflation rises". Global News. Retrieved November 28, 2021.
- ^ Cox, Jeff (December 10, 2021). "Inflation surged 6.8% in November, even more than expected, to fastest rate since 1982". CNBC. Retrieved December 26, 2021.
- ^ "What is driving US inflation to a 31-year high? The reasons and solutions are complicated". USA Today. November 11, 2021. Retrieved November 28, 2021.
- ^ Montanaro, Domenico (November 24, 2021). "Biden hits a new low in the NPR/Marist poll as inflation concerns rise". NPR. Retrieved November 28, 2021.
- ^ Collinson, Stephen (November 11, 2021). "Why inflation is a political nightmare for Biden". CNN. Retrieved November 28, 2021.
- ^ Mangan, Dan (July 20, 2022). "President Biden's job approval rating hits new low in public poll". CNBC. Retrieved July 21, 2022.
- ^ a b Hubbard, Kaia (January 19, 2022). "Biden's First-Year Approval Better Than Trump's, But More Polarized". U.S. News & World Report. Retrieved January 24, 2022.
- ^ Schnell, Mychael (January 18, 2022). "Gallup: Biden's first-year approval rating at 49 percent". The Hill. Retrieved January 24, 2022.
- ^ "Presidential Approval Ratings -- Joe Biden". Gallup. February 5, 2021. Retrieved January 24, 2022.
- ^ Palmer, Ewan (August 1, 2022). "Joe Biden's latest approval rating lowest for any president". Newsweek. Retrieved August 31, 2022.
- ^ Carbonaro, Giulia (April 24, 2023). "Joe Biden Could Become the Most Unpopular President To Be Re-Elected". Newsweek.
- ^ Salam, Erum (October 31, 2023). "Arab American backing for Biden sinks over 'rock-solid' Israel support". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved October 31, 2023.
- ^ "Arab Americans Special Poll: Domestic Implications of the Most Recent Outbreak of Violence in Palestine/Israel". Arab American Institute. October 31, 2023. Retrieved October 31, 2023.
- ^ Serhan, Yasmeen (October 31, 2023). "Biden's Gaza Stance Spurs Stunning Drop in Arab American Support". Time – via Yahoo! News.
- ^ Perkins, Tom; Salam, Erum (October 27, 2023). "'How can I vote for Biden?' Arab Americans in Michigan 'betrayed' by Israel support". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved October 31, 2023.
- ^ "Biden's Approval Rating Hit New Low Before Exit From Race". Gallup. July 23, 2024. Retrieved July 31, 2024.
- ^ "Biden Job Approval a Respectable 57% at 100 Days". Gallup. April 23, 2021. Retrieved July 31, 2024.
- ^ President Biden on the Importance of Bipartisanship & Vaccines, Rejecting Extremism in Trump's GOP, December 10, 2021, retrieved January 7, 2023
- ^ President Joe Biden Visits Jimmy Kimmel Live, June 8, 2022, retrieved January 7, 2023
- ^ James Corden Pays The White House a Visit - #LateLateLondon, July 2022, retrieved January 7, 2023
- ^ Drew Barrymore Visits President Joe Biden & First Lady Dr. Jill Biden for Christmas | Drew Barrymore, December 19, 2022, retrieved January 7, 2023
- ^ Watch the full exclusive interview with President Joe Biden | CNN Politics, October 12, 2022, retrieved January 7, 2023
- ^ Interview: Jonathan Capehart Interviews Joe Biden on MSNBC – October 21, 2022, October 24, 2022, retrieved January 7, 2023
- ^ Interview: Yonit Levi of Channel 12 in Israel Interviews Joe Biden in Washington – July 12, 2022, July 18, 2022, retrieved January 7, 2023
- ^ Interview: George Stephanopoulos of ABC News Interviews Joe Biden – August 18, 2021, August 20, 2021, retrieved January 7, 2023
- ^ "Biden tells ABC's David Muir 'yes' he'll run again, Trump rematch would 'increase the prospect'". ABC News. Retrieved January 7, 2023.
- ^ President Joe Biden: The 2022 60 Minutes Interview, September 18, 2022, retrieved January 7, 2023
- ^ NBC News Exclusive: One-On-One with President Biden, February 10, 2022, retrieved January 7, 2023
- ^ Interview: Norah O'Donnell Interviews Joe Biden at The White House – February 5, 2021, February 8, 2021, retrieved January 7, 2023
- ^ Historian Heather Cox Richardson interviews President Joe Biden February 25, 2022, March 4, 2022, retrieved January 7, 2023
- ^ BRIAN TYLER COHEN INTERVIEWS PRESIDENT BIDEN, February 26, 2022, retrieved January 7, 2023
- ^ Stokols, Eli; Egan, Lauren (February 6, 2023). "Will Biden sit down with Fox?". POLITICO. Retrieved February 15, 2023.
- ^ "Biden gives far fewer interviews than his predecessors – could his caution backfire?". The Guardian. June 5, 2022. Retrieved January 7, 2023.
Further reading
- Foer, Franklin (2023). The Last Politician: Inside Joe Biden's White House and the Struggle for America's Future. New York: Penguin Press. ISBN 978-1-101-98114-6. OCLC 1395141546. Excerpt.
- Wayne, Stephen J. (2022). The Biden Presidency: Politics, Policy, and Polarization. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-032-01007-6. OCLC 1306538369. Excerpt; covers first 18 months.
- Whipple, Chris (2023). The Fight of His Life: Inside Joe Biden's White House. New York: Scribner. ISBN 978-1-9821-0643-0. OCLC 1333841502. Excerpt; comprehensive history of first two years.
External links
