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Billy Bailey (January 1947 – January 25, 1996) was a convicted murderer who was hanged in Delaware in 1996. He became the third person to be hanged in the United States since 1965 (the previous two were Charles Rodman Campbell and Westley Allan Dodd, both in Washington), and the first person hanged in Delaware in 50 years.[2][3] As of 2024, he remains the last person to be lawfully executed by hanging in the United States.[4]
Billy Bailey | |
|---|---|
 Bailey at his clemency hearing | |
| Born | January 1947 Smyrna, Delaware, U.S. |
| Died | January 25, 1996 (aged 49)[1] |
| Cause of death | Execution by hanging |
| Criminal status | Executed |
| Motive | Robbery |
| Conviction(s) | First degree murder (2 counts) First degree robbery Forgery Possession of a deadly weapon during the commission of a felony (2 counts) Possession of a weapon by a prohibited person |
| Criminal penalty | Death by hanging (1980) |
| Details | |
| Victims | Gilbert Lambertson, 80 Clara Lambertson, 73 |
| Date | June 12, 1979 |
| Country | United States |
| State(s) | Delaware |
Early life
editThe ninth of 23 children, Bailey lived in stark poverty and suffered chronic physical abuse, state records show. His mother died when he was less than a year old.[clarification needed] As an adult, Bailey was known to police as a brawler and a thief.[5]
The crime
editIn 1979, after being convicted of forgery, Bailey was assigned to the Plummer House, a work release facility in Wilmington, Delaware, but soon escaped. He later appeared at the home of his foster sister, Sue Ann Coker, in Cheswold, Delaware, saying he was upset and was not going back to the Plummer House.[5]
He and Charles Coker, his foster sister's husband, went on an errand in Coker's truck. Bailey asked Coker to stop at a liquor store. Bailey entered the store and robbed the clerk at gunpoint. Emerging from the store with a pistol in one hand and a bottle in the other, Bailey told Coker that the police would be arriving, and asked to be dropped at Lambertson's Corner, about 1.5 miles (2.4 km) away.[5]
At Lambertson's Corner, Bailey entered the farmhouse of Gilbert Lambertson, aged 80, and his wife, Clara Lambertson, aged 73. Bailey shot Gilbert Lambertson twice in the chest with a pistol, and once in the head with the Lambertsons' shotgun. He also shot Clara Lambertson once in the shoulder with the pistol, and once each in the abdomen and neck with the shotgun. Both Lambertsons died. Bailey arranged their bodies in chairs, and then fled from the scene. He was spotted by a Delaware State Police helicopter as he ran across the Lambertsons' field. He attempted to shoot the helicopter co-pilot with the pistol, and was later arrested.[5]
Conviction
editBailey was found guilty of the murders in 1980. After his conviction, the jury found that his crimes "were outrageously or wantonly vile, horrible, or inhuman", and recommended a death sentence. Bailey was sentenced to be hanged by his neck until dead.[5]
Preparations
editThis section needs additional citations for verification. (February 2023) |
Although the method of execution in Delaware had been changed to lethal injection in 1986, he had the legal option of choosing to be hanged instead.[2] Bailey refused to accept lethal injection, telling a visitor, "I'm not going to let them put me to sleep."[6]
As Delaware had not carried out a hanging in 50 years, state officials sought advice from corrections officials at Washington State Penitentiary in Walla Walla, Washington, where hangings had recently been performed.[7]
The wooden gallows were built on the grounds of the Delaware Correctional Center at Smyrna in 1986. The structure required renovation and strengthening before Bailey could be executed on it. The platform housing the trap door was 15 feet (4.6 m) from the ground and accessed by 23 steps.[7]
Delaware used an execution protocol written by Fred Leuchter. Leuchter's protocol specified the use of 30 feet (9.1 m) of 0.75-inch (19 mm) diameter Manila hemp rope, boiled to take out stretch and any tendency to coil. The length of the rope sliding inside the knot was lubricated with melted paraffin wax, to allow it to slide freely. A black hood was specified by the protocol, as was a sandbag to test the trap door and a "collapse board" to which a prisoner could be strapped if necessary.[7]
The day before, Bailey was weighed at 220 lb (100 kg), and the drop was determined to be around 5 feet (1.5 m).[7]
Bailey was moved from his prison cell to the execution trailer used for lethal injection prior to the execution. There, he spent his last 24 hours, sleeping, eating, watching television, talking with staff, and meeting with his fifty-three-year-old sister, Betty Odom, the prison chaplain, and his attorney. For his last meal, he requested a well-done steak, a baked potato with sour cream and butter, buttered rolls, peas, and vanilla ice cream.[7]
His final appeals having failed, Bailey was executed on January 25, 1996. The gallows in Delaware were dismantled in 2003, because from that year, none of its death row inmates remained eligible to choose hanging over lethal injection.[7]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ [1] Archived 2010-10-20 at the Wayback Machine State of Delaware Department of Corrections. Accessed December 8, 2008.
- ^ a b O'Shea, Kathleen A. (1999). Women and the Death Penalty in the United States, 1900-1998. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 0-275-95952-X.
- ^ "Killer of 2 Is Hanged In Delaware as Kin Of Victims Watch". The New York Times. January 26, 1996. Archived from the original on December 11, 2021. Retrieved December 8, 2008.
- ^ "Methods of Execution: Hanging". deathpenaltycurriculum.org. Archived from the original on 2022-01-02. Retrieved 2020-06-23.
- ^ a b c d e "Bailey v. Snyder, 826 F. Supp. 804 | Casetext Search + Citator". casetext.com. Retrieved 2022-05-10.
- ^ Carlin, John (1996-01-24). "The heart to grieve for all America's Billy Baileys". The Independent. Retrieved 2016-02-11.
- ^ a b c d e f "Billy Bailey". www.capitalpunishmentuk.org. Retrieved 2023-02-25.