Wikipedia

COVID-19 vaccination in Thailand

COVID-19 vaccination in Thailand is an ongoing mass immunization in response to the ongoing pandemic in the country.

COVID-19 vaccination in Thailand
Date28 February 2021 (2021-02-28) – present (3 years, 8 months, 3 weeks and 3 days)
LocationThailand
CauseCOVID-19 pandemic in Thailand
Participants112,279,694 total doses
(20 Jan 2022)[1]
Websiteddc.moph.go.th/vaccine-covid19/
dashboard-vaccine.moph.go.th

Total number of people who have received vaccinations in Thailand as of 8 Nov 2021[1]
* Percentage of population with right to medical treatment[2]

  Unvaccinated population: ~23.003 million people (34.24%)
  Population who have received only one dose of a two-dose vaccine: 9,745,446 (14.51%)
  Population who are fully vaccinated: 31,857,851 (47.42%)
  Population who received first booster dose: 2,572,899 (3.83%)
  Population who received second booster dose: 2,809 (0.00%)

Vaccines delivered per pharmaceutical company as of 8 Nov [1]

  Oxford–AstraZeneca: ~36.606 million doses (43.78%)
  CoronaVac: ~25.508 million doses (30.50%)
  Sinopharm BIBP: ~13.231 million doses (15.82%)
  Pfizer–BioNTech: ~8.199 million doses (9.8%)
  Moderna: ~0.07 million doses (0.01%)
  Janssen: ~0.007 million doses (0.01%)

Background

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In November 2020, the authorities ordered 26 million doses of vaccine from AstraZeneca, which reported 70% overall efficacy.[3] It requires 2 doses of vaccine per person, so the quantity ordered would only cover 13 million people.[4] Prayut cabinet later approved budget for ordering 35 million additional doses in January 2021.[5] Siam Bioscience, a company owned by King Vajiralongkorn, will received technological transfer for co-investment.[6] The authorities also imported 2 million doses of vaccine from Sinovac, a Chinese company which Thai conglomerate Charoen Pokphand invested in,[7] during February to April 2021.[8]

Likewise, the Thai government also stepped up its attempt to produce its homegrown vaccines amidst criticism,[9] with "ChulaCov19" and set to begin trials in May 2021.[10] Phase I testing of the NDV-HXP-S vaccine began at Mahidol University in March 2021.[11][12]

In July 2021, the National Vaccine Institute apologized for slow vaccine deployment.[13] Meanwhile, the government's prior commitment to secure 61 million doses of AstraZeneca vaccine became doubted after a leaked document showed that the company would deliver no more than 60 percent of the number planned per month.[14] A virology advisor also endorsed an untested plan to mix AstraZeneca and Sinovac vaccines.[15] There was already a report of death from the practice, but health professionals said they have to rule out other causes first.[16]

Vaccines used

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National Vaccines

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Free Vaccines which are provided under the policies of the Ministry of Public Health.

Vaccine name Doses ordered

(excluding donation)

Doses arrived

(including donation)

Approval (EUA) First Arrival Deployment Ref
   Oxford–AstraZeneca 61 million 25.5 million   20 January 2021   24 February 2021   28 February 2021 [17][18][19][20]
  CoronaVac 31.1 million 26.52 million   22 January 2021   24 February 2021   28 February 2021 [18][19][20]
   Janssen 5 million unknown   25 March 2021   Late June   26 July 2021 [21][22][23][24][20]
   Pfizer–BioNTech 30 million 3.5 million   24 June 2021   30 July 2021   5 Aug 2021 [25][26][27][18][28][29]

Optional Vaccines

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Vaccines that are not in the policies of the Ministry of Public Health. Orders are made through government organizations but the cost of vaccination will not be supported by the government. However, people who get vaccinated by these vaccines are still counted in the national vaccination programme.

Vaccine name Distributor Doses planned
or ordered 		Doses arrived Approval (EUA) First Arrival Deployment Ref
  Moderna Government Pharmaceutical Organization 5 million 0.5602 million   13 May 2021   1 Nov 2021   5 Nov 2021 [21][30][31][32]
Chulabhorn Royal Academy 8 million   Not yet   13 May 2021   Not yet   Not yet [33]
  Sinopharm BIBP (BBIBP-CorV) Chulabhorn Royal Academy 15 million 15 million   28 May 2021   20 June 2021   25 June 2021 [21][34][35][18][36][37]

Vaccines pending approval

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Vaccination Procedures

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Vaccination procedures used in Thailand.[38]

First Dose Second Dose Third Dose Fourth Dose Dose Interval
  CoronaVac
or
  Sinopharm BIBP 		  CoronaVac
or
  Sinopharm BIBP 		   Oxford–AstraZeneca
or
   Pfizer–BioNTech
or
  Moderna 		   Oxford–AstraZeneca
or
   Pfizer–BioNTech
or
  Moderna 		2–4 weeks[39] (2nd)
4 weeks (3rd)
3 month (4th)
  CoronaVac
or
  Sinopharm BIBP 		   Oxford–AstraZeneca    Oxford–AstraZeneca
or
   Pfizer–BioNTech
or
  Moderna 		   Oxford–AstraZeneca
or
   Pfizer–BioNTech
or
  Moderna 		3–4 weeks (2nd)
3 month (3rd and 4th)
  CoronaVac
or
  Sinopharm BIBP 		   Pfizer–BioNTech
or
  Moderna 		   Pfizer–BioNTech
or
  Moderna 		   Pfizer–BioNTech
or
  Moderna 		3–4 weeks (2nd)
6 month (3rd)
3 month (4th)
   Oxford–AstraZeneca    Oxford–AstraZeneca    Pfizer–BioNTech
or
  Moderna 		   Pfizer–BioNTech
or
  Moderna 		10–16 weeks (2nd)
3 month (3rd and 4th)
   Oxford–AstraZeneca    Pfizer–BioNTech
or
  Moderna 		   Pfizer–BioNTech
or
  Moderna 		   Pfizer–BioNTech
or
  Moderna 		4–12 weeks (2nd)
6 month (3rd)
3 month (4th)
   Pfizer–BioNTech
or
  Moderna 		   Pfizer–BioNTech
or
  Moderna 		   Pfizer–BioNTech
or
  Moderna 		   Pfizer–BioNTech
or
  Moderna 		4–12 weeks (2nd)
6 month (3rd)
3 month (4th)

Notes

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  • MOPH suspended the procedures of the first two doses of Sinovac vaccine on 12 July 2021 due to inefficient immunization against Delta variant. People who received the Sinovac vaccine for the first dose and had an appointment date for second dose after suspension, the second doses will be switched to other vaccines automatically.[40]
  • MOPH suspended the procedures of the first two doses of AstraZeneca on 11 September 2021 due to long dose interval process which takes time for creating immunization. People who received the first dose of AstraZeneca vaccine before the suspension will continue to receive the same AstraZeneca vaccine for second dose. However, People who haven't received the first dose before the suspension will have to start with other procedures instead.[41]
  • Excluding the procedure of Jannsen vaccine which is currently imported and managed by the Embassy of France in Thailand under the approval of MOPH, only French nationals living in Thailand are eligible to receive this vaccine for now.

Vaccines in trial stage

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Vaccine Type (technology) Progress
  NDV-HXP-S (HXP-GPOVac)
Mahidol University, University of Texas at Austin, 		Newcastle disease virus (NDV) viral vector
(expressing the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2,
with or without the adjuvant CpG 1018) or Inactivated 		Phase I–II (460)[42]
Randomized, placebo-controlled, observer-blind.
Mar 2021 – May 2022; Thailand[43]
  ChulaCov19
Chulalongkorn University 		RNA Phase I–II (96)[44]
Dose-finding Study.
Jan–Mar 2021, Thailand
  Baiya SARS-CoV-2 Vax 1[45]
Baiya Phytopharm Co Ltd. 		Plant-based Subunit (RBD-Fc + adjuvant) Phase I (96)[46]
Randomized, open-label, dose-finding.
Sep–Dec 2021, Thailand
   COVIGEN[47]
Bionet Asia, Technovalia, University of Sydney 		DNA Phase I (150)[48]
Double-blind, dose-ranging, randomised, placebo-controlled.
Feb 2021 – Jun 2022, Australia, Thailand

Notes

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References

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  1. ^ a b c "Covid-19 Vaccination Dashboard" (in Thai). MOPH. 20 Jan 2022. Archived from the original on 2 August 2021. Retrieved 20 Jan 2022.
  2. ^ "UCINFO" (in Thai). NHSO. 27 Aug 2021. Retrieved 27 Aug 2021.[permanent dead link‍]
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  4. ^ "ทำความรู้จัก ออกซ์ฟอร์ด-แอสทราเซเนกา วัคซีนที่ไทยเลือก". มติชนออนไลน์ (in Thai). 2 January 2021. Archived from the original on 18 April 2021. Retrieved 5 January 2021.
  5. ^ "ครม.ไฟเขียวงบซื้อวัคซีนโควิดเพิ่ม35ล้านโดส ฉีดให้คนไทย66ล้าน". โพสต์ทูเดย์ (in Thai). Archived from the original on 28 January 2021. Retrieved 5 January 2021.
  6. ^ "นายกฯ สำนึกในพระมหากรุณาธิคุณ ร.10 ทรงให้ "สยามไบโอไซเอนซ์" รองรับวัคซีนโควิด-19". BBC ไทย (in Thai). 27 November 2020. Archived from the original on 6 March 2021. Retrieved 5 January 2021.
  7. ^ "'ซีพี' ทุ่ม 1.5 หมื่นล้านบาท ลงทุน บ.ผลิตวัคซีน 'ซิโนแวค'". กรุงเทพธุรกิจ (in Thai). Archived from the original on 5 January 2021. Retrieved 5 January 2021.
  8. ^ "ข่าวดี ไทยเริ่มผลิตวัคซีน "โควิด-19" ในประเทศ รอบที่ 2 แล้ว". ไทยรัฐ (in Thai). 3 January 2021. Archived from the original on 7 January 2021. Retrieved 5 January 2021.
  9. ^ "Thailand gov't negotiating to buy Pfizer coronavirus vaccine". AP. 20 April 2021. Archived from the original on 22 June 2021. Retrieved 24 June 2021.
  10. ^ "Thai-developed COVID vaccine to proceed to human trials". Al Jazeera. 18 February 2021. Archived from the original on 24 June 2021. Retrieved 24 June 2021.
  11. ^ "Thai-made vaccine ready 'by next year'". Bangkok Post. Bangkok Post. Archived from the original on 2023-11-04. Retrieved 2021-04-09.
  12. ^ Zimmer, Carl (2021-04-05). "Researchers Are Hatching a Low-Cost Coronavirus Vaccine". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2021-04-28. Retrieved 2021-04-09.
  13. ^ "'Sorry' for slow vaccine supply". Bangkok Post. Archived from the original on 28 July 2021. Retrieved 29 July 2021.
  14. ^ "Fate of 100m-dose vaccination hangs in the air". Bangkok Post. Archived from the original on 29 July 2021. Retrieved 29 July 2021.
  15. ^ "Thailand plans to mix Sinovac and AstraZeneca vaccines. Critics say that's risky". CNN. Retrieved 29 July 2021.
  16. ^ "Brain swelling killed mixed-vaccine recipient". Bangkok Post. Archived from the original on 28 July 2021. Retrieved 29 July 2021.
  17. ^ "วัคซีนโควิด19 แอสตราเซเนกา ล็อตแรกถึงประเทศไทย". Hfocus (in Thai). 2021-02-24. Archived from the original on 2021-02-25. Retrieved 2021-07-18.
  18. ^ a b c d "เจาะห้องประชุม ศบค.อัพเดตสถานะ 7 วัคซีนในไทย ก่อนเคาะซื้อ'ซิโนแวค'เพิ่ม 12 ล้านโดส". สำนักข่าวอิศรา (in Thai). 2021-08-18. Archived from the original on 2021-08-18. Retrieved 2021-08-18.
  19. ^ a b "Infographic/Quote". mhesi. Archived from the original on 2021-09-12.
  20. ^ a b c "เช็คมาตรการคุมโควิด คลายล็อก 9 กิจกรรม รวม 'โรงหนัง-ฟิตเนส' ลดเคอร์ฟิว 22.00-04.00 น." สำนักข่าวอิศรา (in Thai). 2021-09-27. Archived from the original on 2021-09-27. Retrieved 2021-09-27.
  21. ^ a b c d e "เปิด 5 วัคซีนป้องกัน COVID ที่ขึ้นทะเบียนในไทยแล้ว". Thai PBS (in Thai). Archived from the original on 24 June 2021. Retrieved 24 June 2021.
  22. ^ "อนุทิน เร่งกระจายแอสตร้าเซนเนก้า 1 ล้านโดส พร้อมซื้อวัคซีนเพิ่มครบ 150 ล้านโดส". Prachachat (in Thai). Archived from the original on 24 June 2021. Retrieved 24 June 2021.
  23. ^ "ทูตฝรั่งเศสขอนำเข้าวัคซีน "จอห์นสันฯ" ฉีดประชากรตนเองในไทย". Hfocus (in Thai). 2021-02-24. Archived from the original on 2021-06-11. Retrieved 2021-07-28.
  24. ^ "COVID-19 Vaccination Services For French Citizens At Bangkok Hospital Headquarters". Bangkok Hospital Group. 2021-02-24. Archived from the original on 2021-07-17. Retrieved 2021-07-28.
  25. ^ "ด่วน อย. อนุมัติขึ้นทะเบียนวัคซีน "ไฟเซอร์" แล้ว". Prachachat (in Thai). Archived from the original on 24 June 2021. Retrieved 24 June 2021.
  26. ^ "1.5 Million Pfizer Vaccine Doses, Donated by the United States, Arrive in Thailand". US Embassy Thailand. 2021-07-20. Archived from the original on 2021-07-30. Retrieved 30 July 2021.
  27. ^ "สธ. เผยเริ่มฉีดไฟเซอร์แล้ววันนี้ หลังส่งวัคซีนให้ครบ 10 จังหวัด". ประชาชาติธุรกิจ (in Thai). 2021-08-05. Archived from the original on 2021-08-05. Retrieved 2021-08-05.
  28. ^ "ครม. จัดซื้อวัคซีนไฟเซอร์เพิ่มเติม 10 ล้านโดส รวมเป็น 30 ล้านโดส เริ่มทยอยส่งมอบได้ไตรมาส 4". มติชนออนไลน์ (in Thai). 2021-08-17. Archived from the original on 2021-08-17. Retrieved 2021-08-17.
  29. ^ "'ไฟเซอร์' ล็อตจัดซื้อถึงไทยแล้ว 2 ล้านโดส ส่งตรวจคุณภาพ ก่อนกระจายให้กับพื้นที่". สำนักข่าวอิศรา (in Thai). 2021-09-29. Archived from the original on 2021-09-29. Retrieved 2021-09-29.
  30. ^ ""องค์การเภสัชกรรม" ชี้แจง การจัดหาวัคซีนทางเลือก "โมเดอร์นา" 5 ล้านโดส คาด มีการสั่งซื้อต้นเดือน ส.ค. 64". Manager Online (in Thai). Archived from the original on 24 June 2021. Retrieved 24 June 2021.
  31. ^ "เริ่มแล้ว 'เมดพาร์ค' ประเดิมฉีด 'โมเดอร์นา' นำร่องฉีดวัคซีน mRNA". Archived from the original on 2021-11-11. Retrieved 2021-11-11.
  32. ^ "'โมเดอร์นา' ถึงไทยแล้ว ใกล้ได้ปักเข็ม ส่ง รพ.เอกชน 10% ทุกแห่งทั่วประเทศ ปชช.ตรวจสอบ-โอนสิทธิได้". November 2021. Archived from the original on 2021-11-11. Retrieved 2021-11-11.
  33. ^ ""รจภ. นำเข้า "โมเดอร์นา" วัคซีนตัวเลือกชนิดที่ ๒ กระตุ้นภูมิคุ้มกัน ในปี ๒๕๖๕". Chulabhorn Royal Academy (in Thai). Archived from the original on 18 October 2021. Retrieved 18 Oct 2021.
  34. ^ "วัคซีนซิโนฟาร์มล็อตแรกถึงไทย 1 ล้านโดส". BBC Thai (in Thai). Archived from the original on 25 June 2021. Retrieved 24 June 2021.
  35. ^ "ราชวิทยาลัยจุฬาภรณ์ เริ่มฉีดวัคซีน "ซิโนฟาร์ม" ให้ผู้ด้อยโอกาส-ผู้สูงอายุ". Thairath (in Thai). Archived from the original on 25 June 2021. Retrieved 25 June 2021.
  36. ^ "'ซิโนฟาร์ม' ล็อต 7 จำนวน 2 ล้านโดส ถึงไทยแล้ว". www.bangkokbiznews.com/ (in Thai). 29 August 2021. Archived from the original on 2021-08-30. Retrieved 2021-08-30.
  37. ^ "ราชวิทยาลัยจุฬาภรณ์ แจ้ง วัคซีนซิโนฟาร์ม ล็อต 9 จำนวน 4 ล้านโดส ถึงไทยแล้ว". bangkokbiznews (in Thai). 2021-09-12. Archived from the original on 2021-09-12. Retrieved 2021-09-12.
  38. ^ "คำแนะนำการฉีดวัคซีนโควิด 19". Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health (Thailand) via Facebook (in Thai). Retrieved 13 Jan 2022.
  39. ^ https://ddc.moph.go.th/vaccine-covid19/getFiles/11/1628849610213.pdf Archived 2021-09-22 at the Wayback Machine [bare URL PDF]
  40. ^ "มีผลทันที ยกเลิกซิโนแวค 2 เข็ม ปรับสูตรฉีดแอสตร้าฯ บูสเตอร์เข็ม 3". Prachachat (in Thai). Archived from the original on 21 September 2021. Retrieved 22 Sep 2021.
  41. ^ "สธ.ยันไทยยกเลิกใช้สูตรแอสตร้าฯ 2 เข็มแล้ว เหตุไม่ทันต่อเดลต้า ปรับใช้สูตรไขว้ทั่วประเทศ". Matichon (in Thai). Archived from the original on 21 September 2021. Retrieved 22 Sep 2021.
  42. ^ "Assess the Safety and Immunogenicity of NDV-HXP-S Vaccine in Thailand". ClinicalTrials.gov. 21 February 2021. NCT04764422. Retrieved 7 April 2021.
  43. ^ Zimmer C (April 5, 2021). "Researchers Are Hatching a Low-Cost Coronavirus Vaccine". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 28 April 2021. Retrieved 7 April 2021.
  44. ^ "ChulaCov19 mRNA Vaccine in Healthy Adults". ClinicalTrials.gov. 28 September 2020. NCT04566276. Retrieved 21 March 2021.
  45. ^ Rujivanarom, Pratch (6 June 2021). "Local jabs yet to join Covid fight". Bangkok Post. Archived from the original on 8 July 2021. Retrieved 8 July 2021.
  46. ^ "A Study to Evaluate Safety, Tolerability, and Reactogenicity of an RBD-Fc-based Vaccine to Prevent COVID-19". ClinicalTrials.gov. 7 July 2021. NCT04953078. Retrieved 7 July 2021.
  47. ^ "COVALIA study update: first healthy volunteers dosed in needle-free SARS-CoV2 DNA vaccine phase 1 trial". Bionet Asia. 30 June 2021. Archived from the original on 19 July 2021. Retrieved 19 July 2021.
  48. ^ "The Safety and Immunogenicity of a DNA-based Vaccine (COVIGEN) in Healthy Volunteers (COVALIA)". ClinicalTrials.gov. 8 February 2021. NCT04742842.
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