North Africa
15th century
16th century
Sub-Saharan Africa
15th century
16th century
17th century
18th century
19th century
Middle East [Persian Gulf]
16th century
17th century
South Asia
15th century
16th century Portuguese India
17th century
18th century
East Asia and Oceania
16th century
17th century
19th century Portuguese Macau
20th century
1 invasion by Indonesia . In 2002, East Timor's independence was fully recognized.
North America and North Atlantic
15th century [Atlantic islands]
16th century [Canada]
South America and Caribbean
16th century
17th century
18th century
19th century
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