The Central Party School is a higher education institution that trains Chinese Communist Party (CCP) cadres. It is located in Haidian, Beijing, close to Summer Palace and Old Summer Palace.
中共中央党校 | |||||||
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| Motto | 实事求是 (Shí shì qiú shì) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Motto in English | "Seek truth from facts" | ||||||
| Type | Higher education institution Ministerial level agency | ||||||
| Established | 1933 | ||||||
Parent institution | Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party | ||||||
| President | Chen Xi | ||||||
| Vice-president | Xie Chuntao (executive) | ||||||
| Students | 1,300 | ||||||
| Address | 100 Dayouzhuang Street , , China 40°0′21″N 116°16′21″E / 40.00583°N 116.27250°E | ||||||
| Campus | Urban | ||||||
| Colors | |||||||
| Website | www | ||||||
| Chinese name | |||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 中共中央党校 | ||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 中共中央黨校 | ||||||
| Literal meaning | Chinese-Communist Central Party School | ||||||
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The current president is Chen Xi, a former member of the CCP Politburo.
History
editThe school was established as the CCP Central Committee's Marx School of Communism (simplified Chinese: 中共中央马克思共产主义学校; traditional Chinese: 中共中央馬克思共產主義學校; pinyin: Zhōnggòng Zhōngyāng Mǎkèsī Gòngchǎnzhǔyì Xuéxiào) in Ruijin, Jiangxi, in 1933. It folded when the Chinese Red Army left on the Long March and was revived once the CCP leadership had arrived and settled in Shaanxi, northwest China, in the winter of 1936. It was then renamed the Central Party School. The school was suspended in 1947 when the CCP retreated from Yan'an. It was re-opened in 1948 in a village in Pingshan County, Hebei, before being moved to Beijing after the CCP captured the city in 1949.[1]
In 1955, the school was re-organized so that it came directly under the jurisdiction of the CCP Central Committee.[2] The school was abolished in 1966 during the Cultural Revolution, before being restored in March 1977.[3] Since 1989, the school has been headed by the top-ranked Secretary of the Secretariat, who is concurrently a member of the Politburo Standing Committee. The day-to-day affairs of the school are in practice managed by the executive vice president, who is generally regarded to have the same ranking as a cabinet minister.[citation needed]
In 2008, a group of researchers at the school issued a blueprint for political reform, including freedom of the press.[4] In November 2013, Liu Yunshan announced that the Central Party School would begin a training program on "General Secretary Xi Jinping's series of important remarks."[5]: 21–22 Within a year, 2,300 cadres had completed the program.[5]: 22 The program was part of the effort to begin formalizing Xi Jinping Thought.[5]: 21–22
The school is now officially referred to as the Central Party School of the Communist Party of China.[6]
Under a reorganization of party and state institutions by the Xi Jinping administration, the National Academy of Governance was merged into the Central Party School in March 2018.[7] The name of the academy was retained by the Central Party School as a one institution with two names arrangement.[8]
The Central Party School provided US$40 million to build and operate the Mwalimu Julius Nyerere Leadership School, which opened in February 2022 in Tanzania.[9][10] The school was jointly established with the support of the six ruling parties of Tanzania, South Africa, Mozambique, Angola, Namibia, and Zimbabwe.[11]
Functions
editThe Central Party School is responsible for training the cadres of the CCP.[12][4][13] It is the highest party school among a network of approximately 2,700 party schools.[1] It provides training courses in CCP ideology, governance, and social sciences, and also provides master's and doctoral degrees in the humanities and social sciences. It trains leading cadres at the provincial-ministerial level, department-bureau level, young and middle-aged cadres and ethnic minority cadres, leaders of top state-owned enterprises and centrally managed universities, CCP county secretaries, civil servants from Hong Kong and Macau, and to cadres who specialize in ideology, propaganda and education.[14]
The Party School holds seminars on ideological and political issues, and also employs professors which provide research and consulting services to the central CCP leadership. It also leads and guides the operations, staff and basic text material of the Party Schools at the provincial and county level.[14] The Central Party School publishes the Study Times (学习时报; Xuéxí Shíbào), which provides an explanation of the relationships between the CCP Central Committee's directives and the underlying political theory and ideology.[15][16]
Presidents
editThe President of the Central Party School also leads the three training centers for Party cadres; the China Executive Leadership Academy in Pudong, the China Executive Leadership Academy in Yan'an, and the China Executive Leadership Academy in Jinggangshan.
- Li Weihan (李维汉): 1933–1935
- Dong Biwu (董必武): 1935–1937
- Li Weihan (李维汉): 1937–1938
- Kang Sheng (康生): 1938–1939
- Deng Fa (邓发): 1939–1942
- Mao Zedong (毛泽东): 1942–1947
- Liu Shaoqi (刘少奇): 1948–1953
- Kai Feng (凯丰): 1953–1954
- Li Zhuoran (李卓然): 1954–1955
- Yang Xianzhen (杨献珍): 1955–1961
- Wang Congwu (王从吾): 1961–1963
- Lin Feng (林枫): 1963–1966
- Hua Guofeng (华国锋): 1977–1982
- Wang Zhen (王震): 1982–1987
- Gao Yang (高扬): 1987–1989
- Qiao Shi (乔石): 1989–1993
- Hu Jintao (胡锦涛): 1993–2002
- Zeng Qinghong (曾庆红): 2002–2007
- Xi Jinping (习近平): 2007–2013
- Liu Yunshan (刘云山): 2013–2017
- Chen Xi (陈希): 2017–present
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b Shambaugh, David (2008). "Training China's Political Elite: The Party School System". The China Quarterly. 196 (3057410): 827–824. doi:10.1017/S0305741008001148. S2CID 154609177. ProQuest 229490701.
- ^ Tian, Gang; Tsai, Wen-Hsuan (January 1, 2021). "Ideological Education and Practical Training at a County Party School: Shaping Local Governance in Contemporary China". The China Journal. 85: 1–25. doi:10.1086/711562. ISSN 1324-9347. S2CID 230594890.
- ^ Doyon, Jérôme; Keller, Franziska Barbara (November 2020). "Knowing the Wrong Cadre? Networks and Promotions in the Chinese Party-State". Political Studies. 68 (4): 1036–1053. doi:10.1177/0032321719888854. ISSN 0032-3217. S2CID 214083283. Archived from the original on April 15, 2022. Retrieved April 15, 2022.
- ^ a b Buckley, Chris; Bradsher, Keith (July 4, 2021). "'Red Cradles' Nurture China's Next Generation of Communist Leaders". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 29, 2022. Retrieved September 19, 2022.
- ^ a b c Tsang, Steve; Cheung, Olivia (2024). The Political Thought of Xi Jinping. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780197689363.
- ^ "Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China". Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China. Retrieved October 14, 2024.
- ^ "CPC releases plan on deepening reform of Party and state institutions". People's Daily. Archived from the original on February 5, 2021. Retrieved March 24, 2018.
- ^ "中央党校（国家行政学院）举行2024年秋季学期第一批进修班毕业典礼--党建-中国共产党新闻网" [The Central Party School (National School of Administration) held the graduation ceremony for the first batch of advanced training classes in the fall semester of 2024]. People's Daily (in Chinese). Retrieved November 2, 2024.
- ^ Allen-Ebrahimian, Bethany (August 20, 2023). "In Tanzania, Beijing is running a training school for authoritarianism". Axios. Archived from the original on August 20, 2023. Retrieved August 20, 2023.
- ^ Nyabiage, Jevans (February 26, 2022). "China opens party school in Africa to teach its model to continent's officials". South China Morning Post. Archived from the original on August 20, 2023. Retrieved August 20, 2023.
- ^ Chan, Raphael (August 29, 2022). "Political Training Under the Belt and Road Initiative: A Look at the Chinese Communist Party's First Party School in Africa". Foreign Policy Research Institute. Archived from the original on August 20, 2023. Retrieved August 20, 2023.
- ^ Liu, Alan P. L. (2009). "Rebirth and Secularization of the Central Party School in China". The China Journal. 62 (62): 105–125. doi:10.1086/tcj.62.20648116. S2CID 140813703. ProQuest 222740035.
- ^ "Party Rules: China's Communist Party Goes for Quality Over Quantity". The Wall Street Journal. January 5, 2017. ISSN 0099-9660. Archived from the original on September 14, 2022. Retrieved September 25, 2022.
- ^ a b "Decoding Chinese Politics: Party Center". Asia Society. Retrieved October 11, 2024.
- ^ Lau Chung-Ming; Shen Jianfa (2000). China Review. Chinese University Press. p. xxxvi. ISBN 9789622019454. Archived from the original on July 27, 2020. Retrieved December 26, 2017.
- ^ Timothy R. Heath (May 23, 2016). China's New Governing Party Paradigm: Political Renewal and the Pursuit of National Rejuvenation. Routledge. p. 217. ISBN 978-1-317-16711-2. Archived from the original on March 3, 2021. Retrieved December 26, 2017.